Lethal And Sub Lethal Effects Of Selected Synthetic Insecticides On Two Cotton Thrips Pests
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Lethal And Sub Lethal Effects Of Selected Synthetic Insecticides On Two Cotton Thrips Pests
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Author : Jonathan A. Janis
language : en
Publisher: ProQuest
Release Date : 2008
Lethal And Sub Lethal Effects Of Selected Synthetic Insecticides On Two Cotton Thrips Pests written by Jonathan A. Janis and has been published by ProQuest this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2008 with Cotton categories.
Early season thrips damage to cotton can reduce yield and kill plant terminals. Control measures and the compounds used to control thrips vary widely. Thrips species, such as onion thrips, Thrips tabaci Lindman and western flower thrips, Frankliniella occidentalis (Pergande), are major contributors to the agricultural crop pest spectrum on numerous crops. The persistence of these two species as crop pests has led to the delineation of species-specific tactics for insecticidal control measures. The primary objective of this research was to characterize and compare attributes of five insecticides in different classes: anthranilic diamide (352-DPX), microcyclic lactone (spinosad, Tracer® 4 SC), neonicotinoid (thiomethoxam, Cruiser® 40 WG), carbamate (oxamyl, Vydate® L) and organophosphate (acephate, Orthene® 90 S) with thrips activity. Insecticidal potency, feeding/oviposition preference, reproductive effects and feeding damage were studied on T. tabaci and F. occidentalis . Adult potency data (LC50 or dose response mortality of each compound) showed that all compounds were more potent on T. tabaci than F. occidentalis . 352-DPX was 3823X less potent on F. occidentalis, followed by Orthene (411X), Vydate L (11X), and Tracer and Centric both with 6X lower potency on F. occidentalis . Results from the feeding and oviposition preference and reproductive effects bioassay indicated that adult T. tabaci and F. occidentalis tended to be equally distributed between treated and untreated leaves. Some exceptions are discussed where significantly more adults thrips were found on the untreated than treated leaves. The feeding and oviposition preference results indicate that in spite of the significantly lower potency on F. occidentalis, leaves treated with all compounds were less preferred over untreated leaves for feeding and oviposition, resulting in significantly lower larvae and feeding damage. Interestingly, only 352-DPX, Tracer and Vydate had this same effect on T. tabaci . Additional results indicate that sublethal concentrations (e.g. LC10 and LC50) had an effect on feeding and progeny reduction. Finally, treated leaves resulted in lower percent plant damage, caused feeding cessation, and subsequently influenced larval populations. An improved population assessment for thrips management and plant protection was developed based on these findings.
Pesticide Toxicity To Non Target Organisms
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Author : Johnson Stanley
language : en
Publisher: Springer
Release Date : 2016-08-12
Pesticide Toxicity To Non Target Organisms written by Johnson Stanley and has been published by Springer this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2016-08-12 with Technology & Engineering categories.
The pesticide should cause effect on the target pests and be selective enough to spare the non-target beneficial. The book deals with the pesticide toxicity to predators, parasitoids and microbes which are used for pest management in the agroecosystem. The other beneficials exposed to pesticides are pollinators, earthworms, silkworm and fishes. The book contains information on the modes of pesticide exposure and toxicity to the organisms, sub-lethal effects of insecticides and method of toxicity assessment, risk assessment of pesticidal application in the field. The purpose of the work is to compile and present the different procedures to assess pesticide poising in organisms related to the agroecosystem along with discussions on risk assessment procedures with clear comparison of toxicity of pesticides to target pests and non target beneficial organisms.
Ddt
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Author : United States. Environmental Protection Agency
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 1975
Ddt written by United States. Environmental Protection Agency and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1975 with DDT (Insecticide) categories.
Ecology And Behaviour Of The Ladybird Beetles Coccinellidae
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Author : Ivo Hodek
language : en
Publisher: John Wiley & Sons
Release Date : 2012-04-19
Ecology And Behaviour Of The Ladybird Beetles Coccinellidae written by Ivo Hodek and has been published by John Wiley & Sons this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2012-04-19 with Science categories.
Ladybirds are probably the best known predators of aphids and coccids in the world, though this greatly underestimates the diversity of their biology. Maximising their impact on their prey is an important element in modern conservation biological control of indigenous natural enemies in contrast to the classical approach of releasing alien species. Ivo Hodek is one of the most internationally respected experts on coccinellids who has researched these insects for his entire career. He has now brought together 14 scientists of international standing to author 12 chapters, making this book the definitive treatment of coccinellid biology and ecology. This volume covers the rapid scientific developments of recent years in the understanding of coccinellid phylogeny, the semiochemicals influencing their behaviour and of molecular genetics. Recent insights in relation to intraguild predation and the assessment of the predatory impact of coccinellids are also covered. Other special features of the volume are the extensive references covering the literature from both East and West and a taxonomic glossary of the up-to-date nomenclature for species of coccinellids as well as of other organisms mentioned in the text. While aimed at researchers, university teachers and agricultural entomologists, the book is readable and appropriate for others who just have a liking for these interesting and attractive insects.
Soybean
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Author : Hany El-Shemy
language : en
Publisher: BoD – Books on Demand
Release Date : 2011-11-02
Soybean written by Hany El-Shemy and has been published by BoD – Books on Demand this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2011-11-02 with Science categories.
Worldwide, soybean seed proteins represent a major source of amino acids for human and animal nutrition. Soybean seeds are an important and economical source of protein in the diet of many developed and developing countries. Soy is a complete protein and soyfoods are rich in vitamins and minerals.Soybean protein provides all the essential amino acids in the amounts needed for human health. Recent research suggests that soy may also lower risk of prostate, colon and breast cancers as well as osteoporosis and other bone health problems and alleviate hot flashes associated with menopause. This volume is expected to be useful for student, researchers and public who are interested in soybean.
General Concepts In Integrated Pest And Disease Management
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Author : A. Ciancio
language : en
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Release Date : 2007-07-20
General Concepts In Integrated Pest And Disease Management written by A. Ciancio and has been published by Springer Science & Business Media this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2007-07-20 with Science categories.
This, the first volume of the ‘Integrated Management of Plant Pests and Diseases’ book series, presents general concepts on integrated pest and disease management. Section one includes chapters on infection models, resurgence and replacement, plant disease epidemiology and effects of climate change in tropical environments. The second section includes remote sensing and information technology. Finally, the third section covers molecular aspects of the subject.
Tortricid Pests
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Author : L. P. S. van der Geest
language : en
Publisher: Elsevier Science Limited
Release Date : 1991
Tortricid Pests written by L. P. S. van der Geest and has been published by Elsevier Science Limited this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1991 with Science categories.
The economic importance of Tortricidae in agriculture and forestry is great: crops and forests in the temperate climatic zones suffer considerable loss due to this lepidopterous family. This volume covers the entire spectrum from taxonomy, morphology and physiology to chemical and biological control. It will provide an opening to the scientifc literature on Tortricidae for scientists in research institutions, universities and experimental stations. The indices include entries for synonyms referring to the species names used in this volume.
The Future Role Of Pesticides In Us Agriculture
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Author : National Research Council
language : en
Publisher: National Academies Press
Release Date : 2000-11-02
The Future Role Of Pesticides In Us Agriculture written by National Research Council and has been published by National Academies Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2000-11-02 with Technology & Engineering categories.
Although chemical pesticides safeguard crops and improve farm productivity, they are increasingly feared for their potentially dangerous residues and their effects on ecosystems. The Future Role of Pesticides explores the role of chemical pesticides in the decade ahead and identifies the most promising opportunities for increasing the benefits and reducing the risks of pesticide use. The committee recommends R&D, program, and policy initiatives for federal agriculture authorities and other stakeholders in the public and private sectors. This book presents clear overviews of key factors in chemical pesticide use, including: Advances in genetic engineering not only of pest-resistant crops but also of pests themselves. Problems in pesticide useâ€"concerns about the health of agricultural workers, the ability of pests to develop resistance, issues of public perception, and more. Impending shifts in agricultureâ€"globalization of the economy, biological "invasions" of organisms, rising sensitivity toward cross-border environmental issues, and other trends. With a model and working examples, this book offers guidance on how to assess various pest control strategies available to today's agriculturist.
Insecticides With Novel Modes Of Action
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Author : Isaac Ishaaya
language : en
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Release Date : 2013-06-29
Insecticides With Novel Modes Of Action written by Isaac Ishaaya and has been published by Springer Science & Business Media this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2013-06-29 with Technology & Engineering categories.
The future of insect control looked very bright in the 1950s and 1960s with new insecticides constantly coming onto the market. Today, however, whole classes of pesticide chemistry have fallen by the wayside due to misuse which generated resistance problems reaching crisis proportions, severe adverse effects on the environment, and public outcry that has led to increasingly stricter regulation and legislation. It is with this background, demanding the need for safer, environmentally friendly pesticides and new strategies to reduce resistance problems, that this book was written. The authors of the various chapters have a wealth of experience in pesticide chemistry, biochemical modes of action, mechanism of resistance and application, and have presented concise reviews. Each is actively involved in thedevelopment of new groups of pesticide chemistry which led to the development of novel insecticides with special impact in controlling agricultural pests. Emphasis has been given to insecticides with selective properties, such as insect growth regulators hormone mimics, ecdysone agonists), (chitin synthesis inhibitors, juvenile chloronicotinyl insecticides (imidacloprid, acetamiprid), botanical insecticides (neem, plant oils), pymetrozine, diafenthiuron, pyrrole insecticides, and others. The importance of these compounds, as components in integrated pest management programs and in insecticide resistance management strategies, is discussed. The data presented are essential in establishing new technologies and developing novel groups of compounds which will have impact on our future agricultural practices.
Integration Of Insect Resistant Genetically Modified Crops Within Ipm Programs
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Author : Jörg Romeis
language : en
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Release Date : 2008-07-01
Integration Of Insect Resistant Genetically Modified Crops Within Ipm Programs written by Jörg Romeis and has been published by Springer Science & Business Media this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2008-07-01 with Technology & Engineering categories.
Insect pests remain one of the main constraints to food and fiber production worldwide despite farmers deploying a range of techniques to protect their crops. Modern pest control is guided by the principles of integrated pest management (IPM) with pest resistant germplasm being an important part of the foundation. Since 1996, when the first genetically modified (GM) insect-resistant maize variety was commercialized in the USA, the area planted to insect-resistant GM varieties has grown dramatically, representing the fastest adoption rate of any agricultural technology in human history. The goal of our book is to provide an overview on the role insect-resistant GM plants play in different crop systems worldwide. We hope that the book will contribute to a more rational debate about the role GM crops can play in IPM for food and fiber production.