Levels Of Selection In Evolution

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Evolution And The Levels Of Selection

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Author : Samir Okasha
language : en
Publisher: Oxford University Press
Release Date : 2006-11-16

Evolution And The Levels Of Selection written by Samir Okasha and has been published by Oxford University Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2006-11-16 with Philosophy categories.

Does natural selection act primarily on individual organisms, on groups, on genes, or on whole species? The question of levels of selection - on which biologists and philosophers have long disagreed - is central to evolutionary theory and to the philosophy of biology. Samir Okasha's comprehensive analysis gives a clear account of the philosophical issues at stake in the current debate.

Darwinian Populations And Natural Selection

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Author : Peter Godfrey-Smith
language : en
Publisher: OUP Oxford
Release Date : 2009-03-26

Darwinian Populations And Natural Selection written by Peter Godfrey-Smith and has been published by OUP Oxford this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2009-03-26 with Philosophy categories.

In 1859 Darwin described a deceptively simple mechanism that he called "natural selection," a combination of variation, inheritance, and reproductive success. He argued that this mechanism was the key to explaining the most puzzling features of the natural world, and science and philosophy were changed forever as a result. The exact nature of the Darwinian process has been controversial ever since, however. Godfrey-Smith draws on new developments in biology, philosophy of science, and other fields to give a new analysis and extension of Darwin's idea. The central concept used is that of a "Darwinian population," a collection of things with the capacity to undergo change by natural selection. From this starting point, new analyses of the role of genes in evolution, the application of Darwinian ideas to cultural change, and "evolutionary transitions" that produce complex organisms and societies are developed. Darwinian Populations and Natural Selection will be essential reading for anyone interested in evolutionary theory

Evolution And The Levels Of Selection

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Author : Samir Okasha
language : en
Publisher: Clarendon Press
Release Date : 2006-11-16

Evolution And The Levels Of Selection written by Samir Okasha and has been published by Clarendon Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2006-11-16 with Science categories.

Does natural selection act primarily on individual organisms, on groups, on genes, or on whole species? Samir Okasha provides a comprehensive analysis of the debate in evolutionary biology over the levels of selection, focusing on conceptual, philosophical and foundational questions. A systematic framework is developed for thinking about natural selection acting at multiple levels of the biological hierarchy; the framework is then used to help resolve outstanding issues. Considerable attention is paid to the concept of causality as it relates to the levels of selection, in particular the idea that natural selection at one hierarchical level can have effects that 'filter' up or down to other levels. Unlike previous work in this area by philosophers of science, full account is taken of the recent biological literature on 'major evolutionary transitions' and the recent resurgence of interest in multi-level selection theory among biologists. Other biological topics discussed include Price's equation, kin and group selection, the gene's eye view, evolutionary game theory, outlaws and selfish genetic elements, species and clade selection, and the evolution of individuality. Philosophical topics discussed include reductionism and holism, causation and correlation, the nature of hierarchical organization, and realism and pluralism.

The Selfish Gene

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Author : Richard Dawkins
language : en
Publisher: Oxford University Press, USA
Release Date : 1989

The Selfish Gene written by Richard Dawkins and has been published by Oxford University Press, USA this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1989 with Medical categories.

Science need not be dull and bogged down by jargon, as Richard Dawkins proves in this entertaining look at evolution. The themes he takes up are the concepts of altruistic and selfish behaviour; the genetical definition of selfish interest; the evolution of aggressive behaviour; kinshiptheory; sex ratio theory; reciprocal altruism; deceit; and the natural selection of sex differences. 'Should be read, can be read by almost anyone. It describes with great skill a new face of the theory of evolution.' W.D. Hamilton, Science

The Process Of Animal Domestication

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Author : Marcelo Sánchez-Villagra
language : en
Publisher: Princeton University Press
Release Date : 2022-01-18

The Process Of Animal Domestication written by Marcelo Sánchez-Villagra and has been published by Princeton University Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2022-01-18 with Science categories.

The first modern scholarly synthesis of animal domestication Across the globe and at different times in the past millennia, the evolutionary history of domesticated animals has been greatly affected by the myriad, complex, and diverse interactions humans have had with the animals closest to them. The Process of Animal Domestication presents a broad synthesis of this subject, from the rich biology behind the initial stages of domestication to how the creation of breeds reflects cultural and societal transformations that have impacted the biosphere. Marcelo Sánchez-Villagra draws from a wide range of fields, including evolutionary biology, zooarchaeology, ethnology, genetics, developmental biology, and evolutionary morphology to provide a fresh perspective to this classic topic. Relying on various conceptual and technical tools, he examines the natural history of phenotypes and their developmental origins. He presents case studies involving mammals, birds, fish, and insect species, and he highlights the importance of domestication for the comprehension of evolution, anatomy, ontogeny, and dozens of fundamental biological processes. Bringing together the most current developments, The Process of Animal Domestication will interest a wide range of readers, from evolutionary biologists, developmental biologists, and geneticists to anthropologists and archaeologists.

Evolutionary Restraints

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Author : Mark E. Borrello
language : en
Publisher: University of Chicago Press
Release Date : 2012-05-15

Evolutionary Restraints written by Mark E. Borrello and has been published by University of Chicago Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2012-05-15 with Science categories.

Much of the evolutionary debate since Darwin has focused on the level at which natural selection occurs. Most biologists acknowledge multiple levels of selection—from the gene to the species. The debate about group selection, however, is the focus of Mark E. Borrello’s Evolutionary Restraints. Tracing the history of biological attempts to determine whether selection leads to the evolution of fitter groups, Borrello takes as his focus the British naturalist V. C. Wynne-Edwards, who proposed that animals could regulate their own populations and thus avoid overexploitation of their resources. By the mid-twentieth century, Wynne-Edwards became an advocate for group selection theory and led a debate that engaged the most significant evolutionary biologists of his time, including Ernst Mayr, G. C. Williams, and Richard Dawkins. This important dialogue bled out into broader conversations about population regulation, environmental crises, and the evolution of human social behavior. By examining a single facet in the long debate about evolution, Borrello provides powerful insight into an intellectual quandary that remains relevant and alive to this day.

A Most Interesting Problem

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Author : Jeremy DeSilva
language : en
Publisher: Princeton University Press
Release Date : 2022-11-29

A Most Interesting Problem written by Jeremy DeSilva and has been published by Princeton University Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2022-11-29 with Science categories.

Leading scholars take stock of Darwin's ideas about human evolution in the light of modern science In 1871, Charles Darwin published The Descent of Man, a companion to Origin of Species in which he attempted to explain human evolution, a topic he called "the highest and most interesting problem for the naturalist." A Most Interesting Problem brings together twelve world-class scholars and science communicators to investigate what Darwin got right—and what he got wrong—about the origin, history, and biological variation of humans. Edited by Jeremy DeSilva and with an introduction by acclaimed Darwin biographer Janet Browne, A Most Interesting Problem draws on the latest discoveries in fields such as genetics, paleontology, bioarchaeology, anthropology, and primatology. This compelling and accessible book tackles the very subjects Darwin explores in Descent, including the evidence for human evolution, our place in the family tree, the origins of civilization, human races, and sex differences. A Most Interesting Problem is a testament to how scientific ideas are tested and how evidence helps to structure our narratives about human origins, showing how some of Darwin's ideas have withstood more than a century of scrutiny while others have not. A Most Interesting Problem features contributions by Janet Browne, Jeremy DeSilva, Holly Dunsworth, Agustín Fuentes, Ann Gibbons, Yohannes Haile-Selassie, Brian Hare, John Hawks, Suzana Herculano-Houzel, Kristina Killgrove, Alice Roberts, and Michael J. Ryan.

Selection

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Author : Graham Bell
language : en
Publisher: OUP Oxford
Release Date : 2008-12-18

Selection written by Graham Bell and has been published by OUP Oxford this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2008-12-18 with Science categories.

This book adopts a direct experimental approach to evolutionary questions, drawing predominantly from research on microbial systems. The focus is on processes and mechanisms, and incorporates insights from recent advances in whole-genome sequencing, bioinformatics, environmental genomics and developmental genetics.

Adaptation And Natural Selection

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Author : George Christopher Williams
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 1966

Adaptation And Natural Selection written by George Christopher Williams and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1966 with Science categories.

Biological evolution is a fact--but the many conflicting theories of evolution remain controversial even today. In 1966, simple Darwinism, which holds that evolution functions primarily at the level of the individual organism, was threatened by opposing concepts such as group selection, a popular idea stating that evolution acts to select entire species rather than individuals. George Williams's famous argument in favor of the Darwinists struck a powerful blow to those in opposing camps. His Adaptation and Natural Selection, now a classic of science literature, is a thorough and convincing essay in defense of Darwinism; its suggestions for developing effective principles for dealing with the evolution debate and its relevance to many fields outside biology ensure the timelessness of this critical work.

Evolution And The Levels Of Selection Ebook

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Author : Samir Okasha
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2006

Evolution And The Levels Of Selection Ebook written by Samir Okasha and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2006 with Evolution (Biology) categories.

Does natural selection act primarily on individual organisms, on groups, on genes, or on whole species? This book provides a comprehensive analysis of the debate in evolutionary biology over the levels of selection, focusing on conceptual, philosophical and foundational questions.