Life At Rock Surfaces
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Life At Rock Surfaces
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Author : Burkhard Büdel
language : en
Publisher: Walter de Gruyter GmbH & Co KG
Release Date : 2021-06-08
Life At Rock Surfaces written by Burkhard Büdel and has been published by Walter de Gruyter GmbH & Co KG this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2021-06-08 with Science categories.
Rock surfaces provide a challenging habitat for a broad diversity of micro- or small-sized organisms. They interact with each other forming complex communities as well with their substrate causing biodeterioration of rock. Extreme fluctuation in light, temperature and hydration are the main factors that determine the rock surface habitats. The habitat includes epilithic organisms which thrive on the surface without penetrating the rock, endolithic organisms which live just beneath the surface using a thin layer of the rock surface for protection against adverse conditions of the environment (e.g. light protection, storage of water) and chasmo-endolithic organisms which use fractures of the rock surface for a more habitable environment. The book will provide an overview of the various organismal groups, from prokaryotes to vascular plants and arthropods, as well as survey organism-mediated interactions with the rock surface. The latter include biogenic weathering (biogeochemistry, state-of-the art imaging methods), photosynthesis and nitrogen fixation at and inside the rock surface.
Gas Wettability Of Reservoir Rock Surfaces With Porous Media
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Author : Guancheng Jiang
language : en
Publisher: Gulf Professional Publishing
Release Date : 2018-06-13
Gas Wettability Of Reservoir Rock Surfaces With Porous Media written by Guancheng Jiang and has been published by Gulf Professional Publishing this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2018-06-13 with Science categories.
Gas Wettability of Reservoir Rock Surfaces with Porous Media compiles critical information on this complex topic, thus helping engineers more successfully face technical field challenges in oil and gas recovery. Combining both theoretical and practical knowledge, this concise reference bridges basic concepts with factors affecting gas wettability, also covering polymer-type gas wetting reversal agents in technical detail and discussing gas wettability’s influence on capillary force, oil-water distribution, and gas wettability’s application in petroleum engineering operations from both domestic and international projects. This book delivers the critical concepts, methods, mechanisms and practical technology needed for today’s complex oil and gas assets. Helps readers further develop and improve basic theory on petrophysics and reservoir engineering Covers various aspects, like the developmental history of gas wettability and the concept and evaluation of gas wettability of oil and gas reservoir rock surfaces Creates a bridge between theoretical knowledge and practical application, with content covering new theories, methodologies and the technologies used in drilling, completion and reservoir engineering
Geomicrobes Life In Terrestrial Deep Subsurface
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Author : Malin Bomberg
language : en
Publisher: Frontiers Media SA
Release Date : 2017-07-17
Geomicrobes Life In Terrestrial Deep Subsurface written by Malin Bomberg and has been published by Frontiers Media SA this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2017-07-17 with Electronic book categories.
The deep subsurface is, in addition to space, one of the last unknown frontiers to human kind. A significant part of life on Earth resides in the deep subsurface, hiding great potential of microbial life of which we know only little. The conditions in the deep terrestrial subsurface are thought to resemble those of early Earth, which makes this environment an analog for studying early life in addition to possible extraterrestrial life in ultra-extreme conditions. Early microorganisms played a great role in shaping the conditions on the young Earth. Even today deep subsurface microorganisms interact with their geological environment transforming the conditions in the groundwater and on rock surfaces. Essential elements for life are richly present but in difficultly accessible form. The elements driving the microbial deep life is still not completely identified. Most of the microorganisms detected by novel molecular techniques still lack cultured representatives. Nevertheless, using modern sequencing techniques and bioinformatics the functional roles of these microorganisms are being revealed. We are starting to see the differences and similarities between the life in the deep subsurface and surface domains. We may even begin to see the function of evolution by comparing deep life to life closer to the surface of Earth. Deep life consists of organisms from all known domains of life. This Research Topic reveals some of the rich diversity and functional properties of the great biomass residing in the deep dark subsurface.
Life On The Rocks
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Author : Philippa Nikulinsky
language : en
Publisher: Fremantle Press
Release Date : 1999
Life On The Rocks written by Philippa Nikulinsky and has been published by Fremantle Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1999 with Nature categories.
Back by popular demand, the latest edition comes in a handsome hardcover format. Anyone interested in the natural history of Western Australia will find this fine publication a must for their bookshelf - The West Australian . . . a book for anyone with a love of the bush, gardens and art - Hobart Mercury . . . with exquisite illustrations by Philippa Nikulinsky and a lively text by Stephen Hopper the book is in the tradition of the Age of Exploration's treasured natural history books - Summer Reading Guide
Biodeterioration Of Stone Surfaces
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Author : Larry St.Clair
language : en
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Release Date : 2004-11-29
Biodeterioration Of Stone Surfaces written by Larry St.Clair and has been published by Springer Science & Business Media this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2004-11-29 with Science categories.
This is a timely volume in view of the considerable interest currently shown in the preservation of our cultural heritage and the extensive and growing literature on the subject. Unfortunately, the latter is to be found in a wide variety of published sources, some aimed at a very specific readership. The present volume draws together a spectrum of biodeterioration work from across the world to provide an overview of the materials examined and the methodologies employed to elucidate the nature of the problems, as well as an extensive and current bibliographical resource on lichen biodeterioration. Generally, we do not think of rock surfaces as particularly conducive to the growth and development of living things. Occasionally, we may encounter grasses or forbs or even more rarely a small shrub or stunted tree growing from a crack in a large boulder or rock wall; but for most people, rock is perceived as dry, sterile, impenetrable, and generally uninviting. However, to the experienced eye rock surfaces are often teeming with life – lichens, bryophytes, a host of small invertebrate animals, as well as a vast array of microscopic organisms including bacteria, cyanobacteria, algae and non-lichenized fungi. The longevity and structural stability of most rocks superficially suggest that rock surface inhabitants are benign; however, slowly and steadily all rock dwelling organisms contribute to the relentless decomposition of rock surfaces – augmented by the natural physical forces associated with changing seasons, weather patterns, and in some localized settings the caustic effects of air pollution. Rock dwelling communities vary in complexity and composition depending on the specific structural and chemical features of the rock. Even human manipulated or manufactured stone supports to some degree a living community – and herein are found the real issues and concerns related to biodeterioration of rock substrata. In a natural setting biodecomposition of rock is accepted as normal and even desirable – integral to the process of soil development; however, in the human environment biodeterioration of monuments, buildings, artwork, statues and gravestones is counted as a serious problem. Even in natural settings, culturally significant prehistoric and historic rock art is subject to the same processes of biodeterioration. In this volume the editors have compiled current papers from leading experts dealing with various issues related to biodeterioration of rock substrata. Topics range from biodeterioration effects on prehistoric rock art as well as culturally significant, historic rock structures. This is the first treatment of the subject of biodeterioration that includes a careful consideration of the role of related disciplines including geology, archaeology, crystallography, cultural conservation and resource management. This combination of disciplines makes this book valuable not only as a solid scientific treatise but equally important as a serious resource for evaluating both impact processes and preservation options related to biodeterioration of culturally significant rock substrata.
Biodeterioration Of Stone Surfaces
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Author : Larry St.Clair
language : en
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Release Date : 2012-11-02
Biodeterioration Of Stone Surfaces written by Larry St.Clair and has been published by Springer Science & Business Media this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2012-11-02 with Science categories.
This is a timely volume in view of the considerable interest currently shown in the preservation of our cultural heritage, and the extensive and growing literature on the subject. Unfortunately, the latter is to be found in a wide variety of published sources, some aimed at a very specific readership and therefore not all that accessible to those who need this resource. The present volume draws together a spectrum of biodeterioration work from across the world to provide an overview of the materials examined and the methodologies employed to elucidate the nature of the problems, as well as an extensive and current bibliographical resource on lichen biodeterioration. Biodeterioration of historical and culturally important stone substrata is a complex problem to be addressed. Easy, risk-free solutions are simply not available to be dealt with by other than a wide range of expertise. Successful resolution of this issue will inevitably require a multidisciplinary effort, where biologists work in close cooperation with ecologists, geologists, geochemists, crystallographers, cultural property conservators, archaeologists, anthropologists, and historians in order to recommend the most effective management scheme. The advantage of this approach is obvious: multidisciplinary management teams with good leadership can ask more appropriate questions while developing much more thoughtful and informed decisions.
Life In Extreme Environments
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Author : Ricardo Amils Pibernat
language : en
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Release Date : 2007-07-21
Life In Extreme Environments written by Ricardo Amils Pibernat and has been published by Springer Science & Business Media this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2007-07-21 with Science categories.
This book provides an intriguing look at how life can adapt to many different extreme environments. It addresses the limits for life development and examines different strategies used by organisms to adapt to different extreme environments.
Lunar And Planetary Surface Conditions
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Author : Nicholas A. Weil
language : en
Publisher: Academic Press
Release Date : 2013-10-22
Lunar And Planetary Surface Conditions written by Nicholas A. Weil and has been published by Academic Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2013-10-22 with Science categories.
Lunar and Planetary Surface Conditions considers the inferential knowledge concerning the surfaces of the Moon and the planetary companions in the Solar System. The information presented in this four-chapter book is based on remote observations and measurements from the vantage point of Earth and on the results obtained from accelerated space program of the United States and U.S.S.R. Chapter 1 presents the prevalent hypotheses on the origin and age of the Solar System, followed by a brief description of the methods and feasibility of information acquisition concerning lunar and planetary data, either from fixed terrestrial observatories or from instrumented or manned space probes. Chapter 2 reviews all conditions pertaining to the surface aspects of the closest celestial neighbor, the Moon. Sections in this chapter deal sequentially with the atmosphere, temperature conditions, subsurface stratification, field intensities (gravitational, electric, and magnetic), and lastly with the biological conditions existing on the lunar surface. This chapter also provides information on the density of the lunar atmosphere under quiescent or high-flux transient conditions, on the topography of the lunar surface, and on the probable proportion of crater-covered areas in the highlands and on the Maria. Chapter 3 is a detailed treatment of the surface conditions on the terrestrial planets, comprising Mercury, Venus, and Mars, while Chapter 4 deals with similar information relating to the so-called Jovian planets (Jupiter, Saturn, Uranus, Neptune) and Pluto. This book will prove useful to lunar and planetary mission planners, both those concerned with the purely scientific aspects of surfaces and immediate subsurfaces, and those involved in the development of roving exploration vehicles.
Algal Biology And Biotechnology
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Author : D. P. Singh
language : en
Publisher: I. K. International Pvt Ltd
Release Date : 2009
Algal Biology And Biotechnology written by D. P. Singh and has been published by I. K. International Pvt Ltd this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2009 with Algae categories.
In the recent past, many advances have been made in the field of biology and biotechnology of algae, especially microalgae. This book includes chapters on taxonomy, diversity and physiology of blue-green algae as these organisms are most important from biotechnological point of view. Use of algae as biofertilizer, source of natural colours, bioactive compounds, phytochemicals with pharmaceutical and biotechnological applications, food and feed has been discussed. Environmental pollution is the major problem all over the world. The potential of algae in combating water pollution is also highlighted. Depleting fossil fuel is another concern and it is felt that there is a need for alternative renewable resources. Algae as a potential source of biofuel are also discussed in this book
Microbial Sediments
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Author : Robert E. Riding
language : en
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Release Date : 2013-06-29
Microbial Sediments written by Robert E. Riding and has been published by Springer Science & Business Media this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2013-06-29 with Science categories.
This volume provides a comprehensive overview of the rapidly developing field of microbial sediments, featuring excellent artwork. It contains authoritative and stimulating contributions by distinguished authors that cover the field and set the scene for future advances.