Links Between Beliefs And Cognitive Flexibility
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Links Between Beliefs And Cognitive Flexibility
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Author : Jan Elen
language : en
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Release Date : 2011-08-20
Links Between Beliefs And Cognitive Flexibility written by Jan Elen and has been published by Springer Science & Business Media this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2011-08-20 with Education categories.
With the world and its structures becoming ever more complex, and the nature of future employment becoming ever more unpredictable, the notion of ‘cognitive flexibility’ has a high profile in educational and psychological debate. The contributions in this volume analyze the nature of cognitive flexibility, as well as the impact of different types of beliefs on cognitive flexibility. Making adequate decisions requires considering input from a variety of continuously evolving sources rather than adhering to predetermined procedures. Adopting a position in a debate necessitates the critical evaluation of different alternatives, while solving a problem entails selecting appropriate problem-solving strategies. Meanwhile, studying requires students to integrate a range of interventions, and treating a patient involves making a differential diagnosis. The common factor, cognitive flexibility, lies at the core of effective functioning in complex, domain-specific environments. Cognitive flexibility can be described as the disposition to consider diverse information elements while deciding on how to solve a problem or to execute a learning-related task in a variety of domains. The concept of ‘disposition’ implies that individuals will not always demonstrate cognitive flexibility even if they are in principle able to act in a cognitively flexible way. The notion does not require that alternatives are always deliberately considered, which is why this volume’s tandem discussion of beliefs is key element of the discussion. Beliefs play a central role in cognitive flexibility and relate to what individuals consider to be important, valid and/or true. Of specific interest is the relationship between epistemological beliefs and cognitive flexibility, especially as a particular subset of epistemological beliefs seems to be a prerequisite to a cognitively flexible disposition.
Cognitive Flexibility Or Moral Commitment
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Author : Silvia Saccardo
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2020
Cognitive Flexibility Or Moral Commitment written by Silvia Saccardo and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2020 with categories.
Do people anticipate the conditions that enable them to manipulate their beliefs when confronted with unpleasant information? We investigate whether individuals seek out the "cognitive flexibility" needed to distort beliefs in self-serving ways, or instead attempt to constrain it, committing to unbiased judgment. Experiments with 6500 participants, including financial and legal professionals, show that preferences are heterogeneous: over 40% of advisors prefer flexibility, even if costly. Actively seeking flexibility does not preclude belief distortion. Individuals anticipate the effects of cognitive flexibility and their choice to pursue it responds to incentives, suggesting some sophistication about the cognitive constraints to belief distortion.
Cognitive Processes In Individual And Collective Creativity A Cross Cultural Perspective
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Author : Chang Liu
language : en
Publisher: Frontiers Media SA
Release Date : 2019-12-30
Cognitive Processes In Individual And Collective Creativity A Cross Cultural Perspective written by Chang Liu and has been published by Frontiers Media SA this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2019-12-30 with categories.
Creativity, the highest level of human wisdom, has become an increasingly important concept in different fields of psychological enquiry, particularly because it is portrayed as contributing to many aspects of society, including personal development, economic prosperity and technological advancement. However, although considerable research attention from a wide range of disciplinary backgrounds has focused on trying to understand creativity, the specific nature of creativity, its theoretical underpinnings and cognitive mechanisms, remain unclear, not least when it comes to the understanding of creativity at the individual level and creativity at the collective level. On the one hand, there are crucial distinctions between individual and collective creativity. On the other hand, the process of being creative involves not only independent or individual efforts but also interdependent or collective efforts. Understanding these differences and interrelationships is crucially important in studies of creativity. In this Research Topic, we bring together research from a wide variety of cognitive and psychological approaches and perspectives in order to provide a comprehensive and in-depth understanding of creativity at both the individual and collective levels. Furthermore, cognitive mechanisms in the creativity process are unavoidably affected by sociocultural factors and these mechanisms look different across cultures, particularly between Eastern cultures and Western cultures, two worlds that often imply dramatically dissimilar values and perspectives. Despite the fact that many studies have compared and contrasted these two cultures in various respects, little research has focused on the specific topic of cultural variation in creative cognition. In addition, very few studies have examined the differences in the cognitive mechanisms underpinning the cultural variations that can be observed at a surface level. This Research Topic aims to fill this gap in the literature and examine the cognitive processes and mechanisms in the creativity process at both individual and collective levels across different cultures by using theoretical and empirical evidence.
Information Literacy In A Post Truth Era
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Author : Serap Kurbanoğlu
language : en
Publisher: Springer Nature
Release Date : 2022-04-05
Information Literacy In A Post Truth Era written by Serap Kurbanoğlu and has been published by Springer Nature this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2022-04-05 with Education categories.
This book constitutes the refereed post-conference proceedings of the 7th European Conference on Information Literacy, ECIL 2021, held in online mode in September 2021. The 61 revised papers included in this volume were carefully reviewed and selected from 192 submissions. The papers are organized in the topical sections on information literacy in a post-truth era and news literacy; health literacy; data literacy; digital literacy and digital empowerment; other literacies; information literacy in different contexts; information literacy education in different sectors; information literacy instruction; assessment and evaluation of information literacy; academic integrity, plagiarism and digital piracy; information behaviour; information literacy, libraries and librarians; information literacy in different cultures and countries; information literacy and democracy, citizenship, active participation.
Epistemological Beliefs And Critical Thinking In Mathematics
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Author : Benjamin Rott
language : en
Publisher: Springer Nature
Release Date : 2021-08-30
Epistemological Beliefs And Critical Thinking In Mathematics written by Benjamin Rott and has been published by Springer Nature this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2021-08-30 with Mathematics categories.
Epistemological beliefs—i.e. beliefs on the nature of knowledge, its limits, sources, and justification—play an important role both in everyday life and in learning processes. This book comprises several studies dealing with such beliefs in the domain of mathematics; amongst others a qualitative interview study, and quantitative studies for which a new questionnaire has been developed. In this new instrument, belief position (e.g. “mathematical knowledge is certain” vs. “uncertain”) and belief argumentation (the way those positions are justified) are differentiated. Additionally, a test for mathematical critical thinking has been designed.The results show significant correlations between sophisticated belief argumentations and high scores in the critical thinking test, but no correlations regarding belief positions.
The Oxford Handbook Of Emerging Adulthood
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Author : Jeffrey Jensen Arnett
language : en
Publisher: Oxford Library of Psychology
Release Date : 2016
The Oxford Handbook Of Emerging Adulthood written by Jeffrey Jensen Arnett and has been published by Oxford Library of Psychology this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2016 with Family & Relationships categories.
Fifteen years ago, Jeffrey Jensen Arnett proposed emerging adulthood as a new life stage at ages 18-29, one distinct from both the adolescence that precedes it and the young adulthood that eventually follows. Rather than marrying and becoming parents in their early 20s, most people in developed countries now postpone these transitions until at least their late 20s, spending these years in self-focused explorations as they try out different possibilities in their education, careers, and relationships. Since Arnett proposed his theory of emerging adulthood in 2000, it has turned into a full-fledged academic field, and the ideas have been applied in practical areas as well, such as mental health and education. The Oxford Handbook of Emerging Adulthood brings together for the first time the wealth of theory and research that has developed in this new and burgeoning field. It includes chapters by many prominent scholars on a wide range of topics, such as brain development, relations with friends, relations with parents, expectations for marriage, sexual relationships, media use, substance use and abuse, and resilience. The chapters both summarize the existing research and point the way to new prospects for research in the years to come.
Epistemic Fluency And Professional Education
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Author : Lina Markauskaite
language : en
Publisher: Springer
Release Date : 2016-09-21
Epistemic Fluency And Professional Education written by Lina Markauskaite and has been published by Springer this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2016-09-21 with Education categories.
This book, by combining sociocultural, material, cognitive and embodied perspectives on human knowing, offers a new and powerful conceptualisation of epistemic fluency – a capacity that underpins knowledgeable professional action and innovation. Using results from empirical studies of professional education programs, the book sheds light on practical ways in which the development of epistemic fluency can be recognised and supported - in higher education and in the transition to work. The book provides a broader and deeper conception of epistemic fluency than previously available in the literature. Epistemic fluency involves a set of capabilities that allow people to recognize and participate in different ways of knowing. Such people are adept at combining different kinds of specialised and context-dependent knowledge and at reconfiguring their work environment to see problems and solutions anew. In practical terms, the book addresses the following kinds of questions. What does it take to be a productive member of a multidisciplinary team working on a complex problem? What enables a person to integrate different types and fields of knowledge, indeed different ways of knowing, in order to make some well-founded decisions and take actions in the world? What personal knowledge resources are entailed in analysing a problem and describing an innovative solution, such that the innovation can be shared in an organization or professional community? How do people get better at these things; and how can teachers in higher education help students develop these valued capacities? The answers to these questions are central to a thorough understanding of what it means to become an effective knowledge worker and resourceful professional.
International Handbook Of Research On Teachers Beliefs
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Author : Helenrose Fives
language : en
Publisher: Routledge
Release Date : 2014-08-21
International Handbook Of Research On Teachers Beliefs written by Helenrose Fives and has been published by Routledge this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2014-08-21 with Education categories.
Teacher beliefs play a fundamental role in the education landscape. Nevertheless, most educational researchers only allude to teacher beliefs as part of a study on other subjects. This book fills a necessary gap by identifying the importance of research on teacher beliefs and providing a comprehensive overview of the topic. It provides novices and experts alike a single volume with which to understand a complex research landscape. Including a review of the historical foundations of the field, this book identifies current research trends, and summarizes the current knowledge base regarding teachers’ specific beliefs about content, instruction, students, and learning. For its innumerable applications within the field, this handbook is a necessity for anyone interested in educational research.
Handbook Of Epistemic Cognition
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Author : Jeffrey A. Greene
language : en
Publisher: Routledge
Release Date : 2016-01-22
Handbook Of Epistemic Cognition written by Jeffrey A. Greene and has been published by Routledge this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2016-01-22 with Education categories.
The Handbook of Epistemic Cognition brings together leading work from across disciplines, to provide a comprehensive overview of an increasingly important topic: how people acquire, understand, justify, change, and use knowledge in formal and informal contexts. Research into inquiry, understanding, and discovery within academic disciplines has progressed from general models of conceptual change to a focus upon the learning trajectories that lead to expert-like conceptualizations, skills, and performance. Outside of academic domains, issues of who and what to believe, and how to integrate multiple sources of information into coherent and useful knowledge, have arisen as primary challenges of the 21st century. In six sections, scholars write within and across fields to focus and advance the role of epistemic cognition in education. With special attention to how researchers across disciplines can communicate and collaborate more effectively, this book will be an invaluable resource for anyone interested in the future of knowledge and knowing. Dr. Jeffrey A. Greene is an associate professor of Learning Sciences and Psychological Studies in the School of Education at the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill. Dr. William A. Sandoval is a professor in the division of Urban Schooling at the UCLA Graduate School of Education & Information Studies. Dr. Ivar Bråten is a professor of Educational Psychology at the Faculty of Educational Sciences at the University of Oslo, Norway.
Views And Beliefs In Mathematics Education
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Author : Carola Bernack-Schüler
language : en
Publisher: Springer
Release Date : 2015-05-05
Views And Beliefs In Mathematics Education written by Carola Bernack-Schüler and has been published by Springer this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2015-05-05 with Education categories.
International mathematics education researchers give a differentiated overview of views and beliefs of both teachers and students. Beliefs about how to teach mathematics have a high impact on the instructional practice of teachers. In the same way, views and beliefs about mathematics are an essential factor to explain achievement and performance of students. The 19th MAVI conference added a variety of research perspectives to the international discussions of mathematics related beliefs. The authors of this volume have compiled a rich selection of research results, which may further enhance the discussion of MAVI topics in the future.