Liquid Crystals And Biological Structures
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Liquid Crystals And Biological Structures
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Author : Glenn Brown
language : en
Publisher: Elsevier
Release Date : 2012-12-02
Liquid Crystals And Biological Structures written by Glenn Brown and has been published by Elsevier this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2012-12-02 with Science categories.
Liquid Crystals & Biological Structures covers analogies between biological structures and behavior of living cells to liquid crystalline structures and their behavior. It emphasizes that the physical state of the matter involved in life processes is to a great extent liquid crystalline. The first chapters discuss the physical, chemical, structural, and optical properties of liquid crystals, as well as the structure of the principal molecules associated with life systems. The core chapters cover selected cellular structures exhibiting liquid crystalline behavior to emphasize the nature of various cellular membranes, from the cell membranes to the receptors and effectors. The book also considers differentiated organelles of the cell that are specialized for photoreception, including chloroplasts for photosynthesis, the retinal photoreceptors of the eye, and the rods and cones for visual excitation. This book is suited for students and bioscientists who are interested in the potential of the liquid crystalline state in exploring a variety of biological phenomena.
Liquid Crystals Laptops And Life
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Author : Michael R. Fisch
language : en
Publisher: World Scientific
Release Date : 2004
Liquid Crystals Laptops And Life written by Michael R. Fisch and has been published by World Scientific this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2004 with Science categories.
Life, Laptops and Liquid Crystals connects the science of one of the icons of the digital age, the laptop computer, with life itself via liquid crystals, the phase of matter essential to both. The book begins with a review of basic chemistry and physics, then goes on to discuss semiconductors, polymers, liquid crystals, and the molecules of life. Applications of these basic concepts to electronic devices, liquid crystal displays, art, and of course the laptop computer, complete the text. Physics, chemistry, materials science, electronics, and biology are all essential to understanding those topics. The necessary concepts in each field are developed with an eye to emphasizing molecules and molecular interactions. Each chapter concludes with review exercise, as well as references and research questions that encourage the reader to explore the topics in more depth.
Introduction To Liquid Crystals
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Author : Peter J. Collings
language : en
Publisher: CRC Press
Release Date : 2017-09-06
Introduction To Liquid Crystals written by Peter J. Collings and has been published by CRC Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2017-09-06 with Science categories.
This text relies on only introductory level physics and chemistry as the foundation for understanding liquid crystal science. Liquid crystals combine the material properties of solids with the flow properties of fluids. As such they have provided the foundation for a revolution in low- power, flat-panel display technology LCDs. In this book, the essential elements of liquid crystal science are introduced and explained from the perspectives of both the chemist and the physicist.; The text begins with an historical account of the discovery of liquid crystals and continues with a description of how different phases are generated and how different molecular architectures affect liquid crystalline properties. The rest of the book is concerned with understanding and explaining the properties of the various types of liquid crystals, and in the final part of the book, the technology of LCDs is discussed and illustrated.
Liquid Crystals
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Author : Shri Singh
language : en
Publisher: World Scientific
Release Date : 2002
Liquid Crystals written by Shri Singh and has been published by World Scientific this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2002 with Science categories.
Liquid crystals are partially ordered systems without a rigid, long-range structure. The study of these materials covers a wide area: chemical structure, physical properties and technical applications. Due to their dual nature -- anisotropic physical properties of solids and rheological behavior of liquids -- and easy response to externally applied electric, magnetic, optical and surface fields liquid crystals are of greatest potential for scientific and technological applications. The subject has come of age and has achieved the status of being a very exciting interdisciplinary field of scientific and industrial research. This book is an outgrowth of the enormous advances made during the last three decades in both our understanding of liquid crystals and our ability to use them in applications. It presents a systematic, self-contained and up-to-date overview of the structure and properties of liquid crystals. It will be of great value to graduates and research workers in condensed matter physics, chemical physics, biology, materials science, chemical and electrical engineering, and technology from a materials science and physics viewpoint of liquid crystals.
Flexoelectricity In Liquid Crystals
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Author : Agnes Buka
language : en
Publisher: World Scientific
Release Date : 2013
Flexoelectricity In Liquid Crystals written by Agnes Buka and has been published by World Scientific this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2013 with Science categories.
The book intends to give a state-of-the-art overview of flexoelectricity, a linear physical coupling between mechanical (orientational) deformations and electric polarization, which is specific to systems with orientational order, such as liquid crystals. Chapters written by experts in the field shed light on theoretical as well as experimental aspects of research carried out since the discovery of flexoelectricity. Besides a common macroscopic (continuum) description the microscopic theory of flexoelectricity is also addressed. Electro-optic effects due to or modified by flexoelectricity as well as various (direct and indirect) measurement methods are discussed. Special emphasis is given to the role of flexoelectricity in pattern-forming instabilities. While the main focus of the book lies in flexoelectricity in nematic liquid crystals, peculiarities of other mesophases (bent-core systems, cholesterics, and smectics) are also reviewed. Flexoelectricity has relevance to biological (living) systems and can also offer possibilities for technical applications. The basics of these two interdisciplinary fields are also summarized.
Liquid Crystals
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Author : Scott J. Woltman
language : en
Publisher: World Scientific
Release Date : 2007
Liquid Crystals written by Scott J. Woltman and has been published by World Scientific this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2007 with Medical categories.
The confluence of the fields of liquid crystals and biomedical engineering is resulting in remarkable interdisciplinary research. This book focuses on the potential for inherently translational research in one field of engineering to radically alter the scope of another. The text reviews the exciting advances being made in displays, spectroscopy, sensors and diagnostics, biomimicking, actuators and lasers with regards to liquid crystalline materials, and biomedicine. The liquid crystal field ? which has delivered revolutionary devices in the display, optics, and telecommunications industries ? is now poised to make significant inroads into biology, medicine, and biomedical engineering.
Liquid Crystals
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Author : Peter J. Collings
language : en
Publisher: Princeton University Press
Release Date : 2002
Liquid Crystals written by Peter J. Collings and has been published by Princeton University Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2002 with Science categories.
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Biology Of Fibrous Composites
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Author : Anthony Charles Neville
language : en
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
Release Date : 1993
Biology Of Fibrous Composites written by Anthony Charles Neville and has been published by Cambridge University Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1993 with Science categories.
This book, by a leading thinker with 30 years experience in the field, is the first devoted to fibrous composites in biology. It tackles a major unsolved problem in developmental biology - how does chemistry create architecture outside cells? Fibrous composites occur in all skeletal systems including plant cell walls, insect cuticles, moth eggshells, bone and cornea. They function like man-made fibreglass, with fibres set in a matrix. The fibrous molecules are long, extracellular and water-insoluble and to be effective they must be orientated strategically. The underlying hypothesis of this book is that the fibres are orientated by self-assembly just outside the cells during a mobile liquid crystalline phase prior to stabilization. The commonest orientations of the fibres are plywood laminates (orthogonal and helicoidal), and as parallel fibres. These may be imitated in vitro by liquid crystalline chemicals. The book takes an interdisciplinary approach and will be relevant to biologists, biochemists, biophysicists, material scientists and to liquid crystals chemists.
Algebraic Biology Matrix Genetics And Genetic Intelligence
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Author : Sergei V Petoukhov
language : en
Publisher: World Scientific
Release Date : 2023-08-02
Algebraic Biology Matrix Genetics And Genetic Intelligence written by Sergei V Petoukhov and has been published by World Scientific this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2023-08-02 with Science categories.
Historically, mathematics, probability, and statistics have been widely used in the biological sciences. Recent progress in genomics has yielded many millions of gene sequences. But what do these sequences tell us and what are the generalities and rules governed by them? It seems that we understand very little about the genetic contexts required to 'read' them. There is more to life than the genomic blueprint of each organism. Life functions within the natural laws that we know and the ones we do not know. The development of modern mathematical natural sciences is based on the use of certain mathematical tools. Mathematics can be used to understand life from the molecular to the biosphere level.This book provides the foundation and latest advances for an emerging research area that uses tools from symbolic computation, computer algebra and logic, algebraic geometry, fractal geometry, probability and statistics, and matrix algebra to formalize and solve biological problems and explore its applications in algebraic biology and code biology. It introduces highly interdisciplinary topics in biomathematics such as matrix genetics, gestalt biology, bio-antenna arrays, resonance genetics, quantum biology, and more.
Structure Cellular Synthesis And Assembly Of Biopolymers
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Author : Steven T. Case
language : en
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Release Date : 2013-06-29
Structure Cellular Synthesis And Assembly Of Biopolymers written by Steven T. Case and has been published by Springer Science & Business Media this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2013-06-29 with Science categories.
Many naturally occurring biopolymers have unique structures and unique physical or mechanical properties. The understan- ding of the moleclar basisof these biomolecules, their syn- thesis, assembly and processing is a prerequisit for any ap- plication to the design of novel biomolecular materials. Se- veral classes of biopolymers are sampled in depth in this volume, such as nanolaminated ceramics, adhesive proteins, eggshellproteins, protein fibres and silk which are synthe- sized by a variety of organisms (mulluscs, parasitic trema- todes, fish and insects). The reader will be introduced to the biological systems to understand Nature's use of each biopolymer and the highly differentiated cells responsible for their synthesis. Corresponding to the variety of organ- isms and possible applications of biopolymers, the combined expertise of interdisciplinary teams of scientists - such as the authors of this volume - have the greatestopportunity to decipher and exploit Nature's skill in biopolymer engi- neering.