Living In Rural Areas And Self Employment
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Living In Rural Areas And Self Employment
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Author : Ignacio Belloc
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2022
Living In Rural Areas And Self Employment written by Ignacio Belloc and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2022 with categories.
This paper examines whether workers living in rural areas are more likely to be self-employed, compared with those in urban areas. We provide evidence for 35 European countries, using the European Working Conditions Survey for the year 2015. We also study the time devoted to market work, and monthly earnings, of self-employed workers in rural and urban areas. Results show that workers in rural areas are more likely to be self-employed than workers in urban areas, although engaging in self-employment in rural areas is associated with significantly lower monthly incomes.We also report differences by welfare state regime. Self-employment is considered a key mechanism to compensate for the difficulty of developing in rural areas, and this paper shows that workers in rural areas in Europe are more likely to be self-employed, despite more challenging working conditions.
Self Employment In Rural Areas
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Author : Great Britain. Countryside Agency
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2003
Self Employment In Rural Areas written by Great Britain. Countryside Agency and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2003 with Agriculture categories.
Rural Employment
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Author : Ray D. Bollman
language : en
Publisher: Cabi
Release Date : 1997
Rural Employment written by Ray D. Bollman and has been published by Cabi this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1997 with Business & Economics categories.
Education and youth; Lifestyle choice and commuting; Rural entreprises; Agriculture and rural employment; Rural employment policy.
An Analysis Of The Role Of Self Employment In The Economic Development Of The Rural Northeastern United States
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Author : Saima Bashir
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2012
An Analysis Of The Role Of Self Employment In The Economic Development Of The Rural Northeastern United States written by Saima Bashir and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2012 with categories.
Generating employment and alleviating poverty are the biggest challenges for regional economic growth in the rural areas of the Northeastern United States. Despite the revival of the economy in much of the nation's heartland, rural areas are still suffering from high poverty and unemployment rates. Self-employment, a measure of entrepreneurship, indicates an opportunity for rural communities to improve the quality of life and accelerate regional economic development. Taking into consideration the problem of unemployment in rural communities, there is a need to focus on generating self-employment opportunities at micro level to enhance economic growth and reduce the per capita income 'gap' between rural and urban areas. The overall objective of the study is to identify and estimate the impacts of self-employment in the economic development of the Northeastern United States. The empirical model of this study is derived from the three-equation simultaneous model of Deller et al. (2001). The study estimated the relationship of employment, population and per capita income to self-employment. Research findings show that employment and population have a positive relationship to self-employment, indicating positive contribution of self-employment to regional economic development.
More Pushed Than Pulled
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Author : Sindy Agustina González Tijerina
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2006
More Pushed Than Pulled written by Sindy Agustina González Tijerina and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2006 with categories.
During the last decade Mexico has experienced important changes in different ambits: social, political, economic, institutional, etc. Political participation among the Mexican population increased, causing the government decision-making processes to become decentralized, the role of the public sector has been reduced, and a new social policy was directed by the government especially oriented to combat poverty. In terms of international policy, the country enjoys a more open economy and it is more integrated with the world than a few decades ago. In spite of the changes, high poverty had persist and some regions present severe underemployment. The present investigation concentrates in the Mexican rural sector. Locations with less than 2,500 individuals are considered rural, which are characterized by problems and needs. Frequently, rural people are found in remote areas with difficult access to markets and institutions, with few opportunities to gain jobs and inadequate access to productive assets. The dynamic of the rural economy is complex; its demographic and economic characteristics create differences in the labor force; in the earnings that people living in rural areas get and in the type and prices of good and services they consume; in the problems that they encounter, and the possible solutions to theses problems. However the rural sector is contradictory in the sense that it contains weaknesses and strengths; it has deficiencies but also it has an important potential of social, economic and technological development. Mexico is a country where the population whom lives in rural areas is abundant and where the agriculture is their principal economic activity, even though it has been declining during the last decade (see graph 1). The retail and service activities have gained importance in the last years among the rural economically active people.
A Comparison Of Rural And Urban Workers Living In Low Income
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Author :
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2008
A Comparison Of Rural And Urban Workers Living In Low Income written by and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2008 with Canada categories.
This paper presents the characteristics of the rural and urban working poor, focusing particularly on individuals in a low-income economic family unit in 2003, excluding full time students and including those who worked for pay for at least one hour in 2003. The results of this study are derived from Statistics Canada's Survey of Labour and Income Dynamics. Evidence is given that the incidence of living in a low-income family is higher among the self-employed in rural areas and higher among the low-paid in urban areas.--Includes text from document.
Labor Markets And Income Generation In Rural Argentina
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Author : Dorte Verner
language : en
Publisher: World Bank Publications
Release Date : 2006
Labor Markets And Income Generation In Rural Argentina written by Dorte Verner and has been published by World Bank Publications this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2006 with Agriculture categories.
This paper addresses three areas of the rural labor market-employment, labor wages, and agriculture producer incomes. Findings show that the poor allocate a lower share of their labor to farm sectors than the nonpoor do, but still around 70 percent work in agriculture, and the vast majority of rural workers are engaged in the informal sector. When examining nonfarm employment in rural Argentina, findings suggest that key determinants of access to employment and productivity in nonfarm activities are education, skills, land access, location, and gender. Employment analyses show that women have higher probability than men to participate in rural nonfarm activities and they are not confined to low-return employment. Moreover, workers living in poorer regions with land access are less likely to be employed in the nonfarm sector. There is strong evidence that educated people have better prospects in both the farm and nonfarm sectors, and that education is an important determinant of employment in the better-paid nonfarm activities. Labor wage analyses reveal that labor markets pay lower returns to poorer than to richer women and returns to education are increasing with increased level of completed education and income level. And nonfarm income and employment are highly correlated with gender, skills, household size, and education. This analysis also shows a rather heterogeneous impact pattern of individual characteristics across the income distribution, but education is important for all levels of income. Agricultural producer income analyses reveal that producers' income monotonically increases with land size and with completed education level, and positively correlates with road access and use of electricity, fertilizer, and irrigation. Finally, farms operated by women are slightly more productive than farms operated by men.
Poverty Impacts And Policy Options Of Non Farm Rural Employment
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Author : Gertrud Buchenrieder
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2004
Poverty Impacts And Policy Options Of Non Farm Rural Employment written by Gertrud Buchenrieder and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2004 with Manpower policy, Rural categories.
Evidence from many low income countries over the last decade shows that the share of rural household income from non-farm sources is growing. Empirical research found that non-farm sources contribute 40-50% to average rural household income. Most of this income originates from local rural sources. Thus, non-farm rural employment is gaining prominence in debates on rural development, particularly in the sense of reducing poverty in farm households and contributing to sustainable livelihoods. Farm households have been observed to follow a multitude of strategies to prepare for and cope with different kinds of risks and thus reduce their livelihood vulnerability. As it concerns income creating strategies, they can be grouped into two categories: (i) adjusting and diversifying farm production activities and (ii) non-farm activities (on- and off-farm) such as wage- and self-employment in the same region or urban centres, implying temporary or permanent migration. In summarysing, it can be stated that diversity and sustainability of livelihoods play a key role in rural households' strategies to ensure survival under difficult ecological and economic conditions. Some common patterns can be identified: if access to farm land is a limiting factor for rural households, even low-paid jobs in the non-farm sector are of key importance to make a living. If land supply is elastic and accessible to rural households, the diversification of farm activities is followed as the main strategy to secure their livelihoods, often supplemented by some form of non-farm rural employment. In general, the farm size must surpass a critical threshold to create capacities to engage in better paid non-farm rural employment, which limits policy options to refer to non-farm rural employment as a silver bullet accessible to all social groups when fighting rural mass poverty. Also, the role of social capital assets cannot be underestimated as it paves the way for profitable forms of non-farm rural employment. This edited volume is a collection of topical papers presented at the Deutsche Tropentag (DTT) 2001 "One World - Research for a Better Quality of Life" that was held at the University of Bonn from October. 9th to 11th, 2001 in Bonn. Papers of the thematic sessions on "Conflicts, Migration and Rural Development" as well as "Poverty and Livelihood Strategies" are combined in this publication. The papers deal with the issues of non-farm rural employment for sustainable rural livelihoods. It also includes one topical paper that was presented at the 42nd Annual Conference of the Gesellschaft für Wirtschafts- und Sozialwissenschaften des Landbaus (GEWISOLA) "Perspectives for the European Agricultural and Food Sector Following Eastern Enlargement", September 30 to October 2, 2002, at the Martin Luther University, Halle, Germany. The contributions in this volume on non-farm rural employment and its poverty alleviation impact on farm households and policy options contains are from six case countries (Bolivia, Brazil, Guatemala as well as Bulgaria, Kosovo, and Romania) in two distinct regions (Latin America and Central and Eastern Europe).
Residents Of Farms And Rural Areas
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Author :
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 1990
Residents Of Farms And Rural Areas written by and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1990 with Farms categories.
Rural Women The Untapped Potential
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Author : Dr. Abhishek Mukherjee
language : en
Publisher: Notion Press
Release Date : 2021-06-06
Rural Women The Untapped Potential written by Dr. Abhishek Mukherjee and has been published by Notion Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2021-06-06 with Social Science categories.
Rural Women: The Untapped Potential is a book focused on budding entrepreneurs, management students, commerce students and management professionals who are inclined towards entrepreneurship and planning to have their own startups in the near future. This book is an effort to exhume the hidden potential which exists in rural women of India and with special emphasis on Maharashtra. This book reveals the various employment avenues extant in the rural areas which if tapped and used optimally can do wonders. The book covers various chapters like job vs. business, entrepreneurial mindset, entrepreneurial environment, self-employment avenues – sectors of employment, skill analysis, hand holding, training requirements and avenues, self-analysis, legal procedures involved in establishing one’s own startup, how to raise funds, etc. Thus, this book tries to cover all the areas which are required to be tapped so that the women, especially, the rural women can be made ‘Atma Nirbhar’ (self-dependent). This book includes various live examples of rural women entrepreneurship and also brings to light what steps rural women should take to generate self-employment. Key Features • It covers all the areas which have to be taken into consideration when planning for a new startup. • The language used in this book is quite lucid which makes it very easy to understand the concepts and examples for the reader. • Explores the gap existing in the system because of which there are lots of hurdles and impediments in the way of entrepreneurship. • Explores the various sectors where self-employment can be taken up, which will not only uplift the villages but also will make them self-reliant and will add to the progress of the country.