Local Content Requirements
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Local Content Requirements
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Author : Gary Clyde Hufbauer
language : en
Publisher: Columbia University Press
Release Date : 2013-10-05
Local Content Requirements written by Gary Clyde Hufbauer and has been published by Columbia University Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2013-10-05 with Political Science categories.
In the wake of the Great Recession of 2008–09, economists feared that protectionist policies might sweep the world economy, echoing the wave of tariff escalations during the Great Depression of the 1930s. To some surprise, officials were more restrained and largely avoided traditional forms of protection (tariffs and quotas). As a result, economists underestimated the incidence of new protectionism because policymakers increasingly turned to more opaque behind-the-border nontariff barriers (NTBs). Using a combination of statistical analysis and case studies, the authors show that local content requirements (LCRs), a form of NTB, have become increasingly popular. How much was global trade actually reduced on account of LCRs? A conservative estimate might be $93 billion. Case studies featured cover the healthcare sector in Brazil, wind turbines in Canada, the automobile industry in China, solar cells and modules in India, oil and gas in Nigeria, and "Buy American" restrictions on government procurement.
Industrial Policy And The World Trade Organization
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Author : Sherzod Shadikhodjaev
language : en
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
Release Date : 2018-11-08
Industrial Policy And The World Trade Organization written by Sherzod Shadikhodjaev and has been published by Cambridge University Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2018-11-08 with Business & Economics categories.
Highlights what national governments should know to properly conduct their industrial policies under the multilateral trading system.
Local Content Policies In The Oil And Gas Sector
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Author : Silvana Tordo
language : en
Publisher: World Bank Publications
Release Date : 2013-07-22
Local Content Policies In The Oil And Gas Sector written by Silvana Tordo and has been published by World Bank Publications this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2013-07-22 with Business & Economics categories.
A number of countries have recently discovered and are developing oil and gas reserves. Policy makers in such countries are anxious to obtain the greatest benefits for their economies from the extraction of these exhaustible resources by designing appropriate policies to achieve desired goals. One important theme of such policies is the so-called local content created by the sector—the extent to which the output of the extractive industry sector generates further benefits to the economy beyond the direct contribution of its value-added, through its links to other sectors. While local content policies have the potential to stimulate broad-based economic development, their application in petroleum-rich countries has achieved mixed results. This paper describes the policies and practices meant to foster the development of economic linkages from the petroleum sector, as adopted by a number of petroleum-producing countries both in and outside the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development. Examples of policy objectives, implementation tools, and reporting metrics are provided to derive lessons of wider applicability. The paper presents various conclusions for policy makers about the design of local content policies.
Local Content Requirements
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Author : Lili Yan Ing
language : en
Publisher: Taylor & Francis
Release Date : 2023-11-06
Local Content Requirements written by Lili Yan Ing and has been published by Taylor & Francis this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2023-11-06 with Business & Economics categories.
As anti-globalization and geopolitical tensions continue to rise, the use of local content requirements (LCRs) around the world has become more noticeable than ever before. The reasons for adopting LCRs range from ensuring domestic supply availability, job creation, and increasing value added to safeguarding national security. Ing and Grossman examine country-specific as well as firm-product level exercises to explain how LCRs reduce fair competition, resulting in lower trade and productivity, which ultimately lowers world economic output and overall human welfare. Countries around the world are investigated with specific attention to the US, China, Indonesia, and resource-intensive countries, including mining-intensive ones. The book also presents product- and firm-level analyses, answering the question of why countries adopted LCRs and how LCRs actually affect the world economy. This book is a useful resource that will interest policymakers, researchers, and advanced undergraduates interested in international trade, industrial policy, political economy, labour economics, and development economics.
Sovereign Wealth Funds Local Content Policies And Csr
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Author : Eduardo G. Pereira
language : en
Publisher: Springer Nature
Release Date : 2021-01-25
Sovereign Wealth Funds Local Content Policies And Csr written by Eduardo G. Pereira and has been published by Springer Nature this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2021-01-25 with Business & Economics categories.
This book explores three particular strategies in the extractives sector for creating shared wealth, increased labour opportunities and positive social, environmental and economic outcomes from corporate projects, namely: state wealth funds (SWF), local content policies (LCP) and corporate social responsibility (CSR) practices. Collectively, the chapters explore the associated experiences and challenges in different parts of the world with the view to inform equitable and sustainable development for the communities living adjacent to extractives sites and the wider society and environment. Examples of LCPs, SWFs and CSR practices from 12 jurisdictions with diverse experiences offer usefull insights. The book illuminates challenges and opportunities for sustainable development outcomes of the extractives sector. It reflects the need to take on board the lessons of these global experiences in order to improve outcomes for poverty reduction, inequality reduction and sustainable development.
Local Content Oil And Gas Law In Africa
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Author : Pereowei Subai
language : en
Publisher: Routledge
Release Date : 2019-01-10
Local Content Oil And Gas Law In Africa written by Pereowei Subai and has been published by Routledge this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2019-01-10 with Law categories.
Examining local content law and policy in the oil and gas industry, this book uses Nigeria as a primary case study, comparing its approach to countries such as Brazil and Norway which have also adopted local content laws in relation to their gas and oil industries. In considering various aspects of local content law and policy as they apply to the oil and gas industry, the book examines the factors behind the formulation of local content policies by petroleum producing states, and the various strategies they have employed to implement them. It analyses arguments against local content requirements from the perspective of international trade and investment law, and from liberal market economic theorists, who argue against its overall usefulness. The book highlights salient aspects of the oil and gas industry such as regulation, national oil companies, treatment of minorities, and policy formulation and implementation.
Local Content Policies In Resource Rich Countries
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Author : Yelena Kalyuzhnova
language : en
Publisher: Springer
Release Date : 2016-09-26
Local Content Policies In Resource Rich Countries written by Yelena Kalyuzhnova and has been published by Springer this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2016-09-26 with Business & Economics categories.
This book analyses the role of local content (LC) policy in the economic development of five resource-rich countries: Brazil, Kazakhstan, Norway, Russia and the UK. The authors situate LC policy within a framework of sustainability in the form of industrial diversification and innovation-led growth, and examine how effective LC policies are in facilitating sectoral and economy-wide catching up. Structured in five chapters, the book begins with an introduction and then presents an overview of LC definitions and situates LC policies within a framework of economic development. The third chapter compares specific examples of LC development and highlights variations in practice as well as learning across case countries. The fourth chapter focuses on macro-economic, micro-economic and institutional challenges conditioning LC development and the ability of LC policies to assist innovation-led growth. The authors conclude by examining what the future holds for LC policies and their role in promoting economic growth and addressing the wider social, political and economic challenges in resource-rich countries.
Climate Finance Theory And Practice
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Author : Anil Markandya
language : en
Publisher: World Scientific
Release Date : 2017-01-05
Climate Finance Theory And Practice written by Anil Markandya and has been published by World Scientific this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2017-01-05 with Business & Economics categories.
How is the struggle against climate change financed? Climate Finance: Theory and Practice gives an overview of the key debates that have emerged in the field of climate finance, including those concerned with efficiency, equity, justice, and contribution to the public good between developed and developing countries. With the collaboration of internationally renowned experts in the field of climate finance, the authors of this book highlight the importance of climate finance, showing the theoretical aspects that influence it, and some practices that are currently being implemented or have been proposed to finance mitigation and adaptation policies in the developed and developing world.
A Post Wto International Legal Order
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Author : Meredith Kolsky Lewis
language : en
Publisher: Springer Nature
Release Date : 2020-06-16
A Post Wto International Legal Order written by Meredith Kolsky Lewis and has been published by Springer Nature this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2020-06-16 with Law categories.
This book provides readers with a unique opportunity to explore how the international economic legal order (IELO) may look in a post-WTO world. The substance of this book presupposes (whether correct or not) that the WTO either: (a) Stagnates into the foreseeable future (Doha withers, no new Rounds, at best minor amendments, little new jurisprudence, effective collapse of the DSB); or (b) Falls apart completely. While neither is desirable, the book underlines that it must be conceded that neither is inconceivable. The collapse of the Soviet Union tells us that anything is possible (in 1986 no one foresaw the end of the Cold War - clearly it was a much more significant event than would be the case for the demise of the WTO and the current international economic legal order (IELO)). Similarly, just a year or two before Brexit or the election of US President Donald Trump, no one foresaw those two eventualities. Consequently, a worst-case scenario for the future of the WTO cannot be ignored – rather, it must be explored, as has been done in this book. Indeed, despite most IEL academics’ commitment to multilateralism and specifically to a vibrant and dynamic WTO, academics in the field are now beginning to seriously discuss what a post-WTO world could look like (and it was the project behind this book that first launched those discussions). Accordingly, this examination of the post-WTO world will be of great value to practitioners, governmental and international officials and scholars in the IELO. This is particularly so in an era of increasingly rapid change, during which legal scholarship must also address the future if it wants to contribute creative solutions to the resolution and management of the many serious contemporary problems facing our field.