Localization As Power Negotiation
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Localization As Power Negotiation
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Author : Wenna Zeng
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2017
Localization As Power Negotiation written by Wenna Zeng and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2017 with Electronic books categories.
Traditionally, there have been two contradictory views on the nature of power in the body politic: that of the centralized and top-down power structure within the state apparatus and that of dispersive power, based on knowledge, exemplified by the work of Max Weber and Michel Foucault respectively. This PhD thesis will demonstrate that a better path to the understanding of power, at least in relation to the localization of television formats in China, is that explained by the theory of negotiated power. Based on these theoretical foundations on the nature of power and continuing discussions on globalization and production studies, this thesis introduces a new approach to understand power via dynamic value exchanges among resources, capital and interest. The findings are positioned in relation to the literature on power theories, globalization, television format research and Chinese media studies. Based on six months’ of ethnographic study on Hurry Up, Brother, which is a Korean format show localized by a Chinese network, this research examines the power relations in the decision-making process concerned with the format localization among several different parties – internal and external – involved in the operation, namely Chinese Zhejiang Satellite TV and its production team, Korean Seoul Broadcasting System and its travelling producers, the Chinese government, sponsors, celebrities, Chinese independent companies and their editors, and audiences. It integrates the theories of negotiated order, cultural proximity and the mechanism of production into its theoretical framework to demonstrate how negotiated power is exercised in a project network via exchanges of resources, capital and interests among different parties. This theoretical framework helps to challenge the hierarchical power approach by the Chinese media; and to provide detailed empirical evidence to show how political, economic, cultural and social factors impinge upon decision-making. In conclusion, it is noted that initially power is neither centralized nor dispersive in China, but rather, power is negotiated; later it suggests an innovative approach that power is the result of competition of capital based on changes of primary interests among different parties, indicating that localization is part of the process of power negotiations. This doctoral thesis provides first-hand and detailed data as well as a dynamic picture of how power is exercised in the contemporary Chinese television industry where entertainment production increasingly breaks free of governmental centralized control by replacing it with power negotiations. This approach overcomes the geographic dichotomy between global and local, and expands the boundaries of cultural, economic, political, professional and social fields. This thesis is an experimental study which the author can motivate a new direction in the discussion on power theories as well as help in the understanding of the globalization of cultural products and of Chinese television in general.
Localized Bargaining
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Author : Xiao Ma
language : en
Publisher: Oxford University Press
Release Date : 2022-06-10
Localized Bargaining written by Xiao Ma and has been published by Oxford University Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2022-06-10 with Political Science categories.
In Localized Bargaining, Xiao Ma offers a rich description and a novel theory of intergovernmental bargaining that explains the unfolding of China's high-speed railway. He shows that the bottom-up bargaining efforts by territorial authorities--whom the central bureaucracies rely on to implement various infrastructure projects--shaped the allocation of investment in the railway system. Demonstrating how localities of different types invoke institutional and extra-institutional sources of bargaining power in their competition for railway stations, Ma sheds new light on the how the nation's massive economy actually functions.
Designing Globally Networked Learning Environments
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Author :
language : en
Publisher: BRILL
Release Date : 2008-01-01
Designing Globally Networked Learning Environments written by and has been published by BRILL this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2008-01-01 with Education categories.
Faculty, administrators, and others in higher education face growing pressures to position their institutions, programs, and courses in “global markets” and to prepare students for global work and citizenship. These pressures raise urgent questions: What might higher education look like in a globally networked world? Do traditional industrial models of learning suffice, or what new visions for learning are emerging? What does it take to implement and maintain these visions? To address these questions, Designing Globally Networked Learning Environments brings together 25 educators from four continents, who share their richly diverse visions for teaching and learning in a globally networked world. What unites these visions is that they break with traditional models of repackaging traditional institutionally bounded courses for online delivery in global markets. Instead, these educators build robust partnerships to design globally networked learning environments that connect students with peers, instructors, and communities across traditional institutional, national, and other boundaries to facilitate the kind of cross-boundary knowledge making that students as professionals and citizens will need to participate in the shaping of an emerging global order and to address the most pressing global problems we face. The book offers these visions as opportunities for faculty, program directors, administrators, international program experts, instructional designers, faculty development experts, and others in higher education to work together to deliberate, develop, and shape inspiring visions for globally networked learning and to become active participants in the globalization of higher education.
Crisis In Caracas
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Author : John Stuart
language : en
Publisher: KIMBERLY WATTS
Release Date : 2026-01-03
Crisis In Caracas written by John Stuart and has been published by KIMBERLY WATTS this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2026-01-03 with Political Science categories.
Crisis in Caracas: The Capture of Nicolás Maduro and the U.S. Strike on Venezuela is a gripping geopolitical thriller that follows the tense, chaotic, and world-shaking hours surrounding the dramatic fall of Venezuela’s most controversial leader. Set against a collapsing nation pushed to its breaking point, this book takes readers inside the corridors of power, the streets of Caracas, and the shadows of covert U.S. military operations that changed history overnight. As Nicolás Maduro tightens his grip on a country drowning in economic devastation, hunger, and mass migration, global tensions rise to a boiling point. Behind the scenes, U.S. intelligence agencies close in, political pressure mounts in Washington, and the world watches as fragile diplomacy gives way to a high-risk decision that will send shockwaves across Latin America and beyond. Through vivid storytelling and investigative depth, this book retraces the dramatic events leading to January 3, 2026. It explores the secret planning, the precision strike, and the stunning reports of Maduro’s capture that left governments stunned, markets rattled, and millions of Venezuelans caught between hope and fear. Voices from inside Venezuela, reactions from exiles abroad, and global political responses reveal the human cost and moral complexity of intervention on foreign soil. From oil politics and great-power rivalry to legal controversy and international backlash, Crisis in Caracas exposes the fragile balance between sovereignty, justice, and power in a world where every decision can ignite consequences far beyond the battlefield. This is not only the story of a leader brought down. It is the story of a nation struggling to survive, and a world forced to confront the price of intervention.
Making Congregational Music Local In Christian Communities Worldwide
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Author : Monique M. Ingalls
language : en
Publisher: Routledge
Release Date : 2018-04-09
Making Congregational Music Local In Christian Communities Worldwide written by Monique M. Ingalls and has been published by Routledge this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2018-04-09 with Music categories.
What does it mean for music to be considered local in contemporary Christian communities, and who shapes this meaning? Through what musical processes have religious beliefs and practices once ‘foreign’ become ‘indigenous’? How does using indigenous musical practices aid in the growth of local Christian religious practices and beliefs? How are musical constructions of the local intertwined with regional, national or transnational religious influences and cosmopolitanisms? Making Congregational Music Local in Christian Communities Worldwide explores the ways that congregational music-making is integral to how communities around the world understand what it means to be ‘local’ and ‘Christian’. Showing how locality is produced, negotiated, and performed through music-making, this book draws on case studies from every continent that integrate insights from anthropology, ethnomusicology, cultural geography, mission studies, and practical theology. Four sections explore a central aspect of the production of locality through congregational music-making, addressing the role of historical trends, cultural and political power, diverging values, and translocal influences in defining what it means to be ‘local’ and ‘Christian’. This book contends that examining musical processes of localization can lead scholars to new understandings of the meaning and power of Christian belief and practice.
Philippine Studies
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Author :
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2000
Philippine Studies written by and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2000 with Philippines categories.
Pirates Operated Outside Empires They Once Served
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Author : Alina Frost
language : en
Publisher: epubli
Release Date : 2026-01-30
Pirates Operated Outside Empires They Once Served written by Alina Frost and has been published by epubli this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2026-01-30 with History categories.
The Golden Age of Piracy wasn't simply lawless adventure—it emerged from the fractures of imperial expansion, where sailors, escaped slaves, and dispossessed colonists created autonomous communities beyond European control. This book traces how Caribbean piracy developed as both economic survival strategy and rejection of the brutal hierarchies governing colonial trade, naval service, and plantation labor. Through admiralty court records, ship logs, colonial correspondence, and rare pirate testimonies, the narrative reveals who became pirates and why: merchant sailors facing starvation wages and deadly conditions, privateers abandoned when wars ended, Africans who escaped enslavement, indigenous peoples resisting colonization. Pirate crews established surprisingly democratic governance—elected captains, shared plunder, disability compensation—that contrasted sharply with the absolute authority on naval and merchant vessels. The book examines piracy's relationship to legitimate commerce: how pirates disrupted Spanish silver flows, challenged English and French trade monopolies, and forced colonial powers to negotiate despite official rhetoric of extermination. It follows the establishment of pirate havens like Nassau, where multi-ethnic communities temporarily flourished outside plantation economies and racial hierarchies, until imperial navies systematically destroyed these alternatives. Crucially, the narrative avoids romanticization while taking pirates seriously as historical actors who exploited and perpetuated violence even as they resisted exploitation themselves. Their suppression reveals how European powers consolidated control over Atlantic trade through coordinated naval force, expanded legal frameworks, and elimination of economic alternatives to imperial systems.
Ngos Mediating Peace
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Author : Julia Palmiano Federer
language : en
Publisher: Springer Nature
Release Date : 2023-12-28
Ngos Mediating Peace written by Julia Palmiano Federer and has been published by Springer Nature this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2023-12-28 with Political Science categories.
This book explores the role of nongovernmental mediators in promoting “inclusive peace” to negotiating parties in Myanmar’s Nationwide Ceasefire Agreement (NCA) negotiations from 2011-2015. The influx of NGO mediators directly engaging with the negotiating parties and promoting the inclusivity norm coupled with the salience of discourse around “all-inclusiveness” at the end of the NCA process forms a puzzle around the agency that NGO mediators wield in influencing political outcomes, despite their lack of political and material leverage.The author argues that NGO mediators can effectively promote norms, using mediation processes as a site of norm diffusion. Bespoke international conflict resolution NGOs have become key mediation actors, within the last three decades through creating the niche world of “private diplomacy” and acting as "norm entrepreneurs" at the same time. As informal third parties, these NGO mediators directly engage with politically sensitive actors or convene unofficial peace talks. As NGOs, they are part of an epistemic community of mediation practice, professionalizing the field and producing knowledge on what peace mediation is and what it ought to be. This dual identity as both NGOs and mediators nicely sets them up with a unique agency to promote and diffuse norms. These norms often reflect the liberal peacebuilding paradigm promoted from the Global North, such as inclusion, gender equality and transitional justice, with the view that these norms are not ends in themselves but as necessary ingredients for effective mediation.The book further questions whether NGOs should promote norms in the first place. The outcome of the NCA process presents a critical and cautionary tale of promoting a presumed universal norm into a given locale and expecting a certain outcome without understanding how an external norm interacts with existing normative frameworks. The book illustrates that while NGO mediators do possess the “normative agency” to effectively promote norms to negotiating parties, my empirical research analyses how their promotion of the “inclusivity” norm to the negotiating parties in Myanmar’s NCA paradoxically resulted in exclusionary outcomes: only half of the armed groups in the ethnic armed groups’ negotiating bloc signed, and civil society was effectively crowded out from meaningful participation despite lofty rhetoric. This is an open access book.
Negotiating Locality
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Author : Hannah Wittman
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2002
Negotiating Locality written by Hannah Wittman and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2002 with categories.
Citizen Science And Social Innovation Mutual Relations Barriers Needs And Development Factors
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Author : Andrzej Klimczuk
language : en
Publisher: Frontiers Media SA
Release Date : 2022-03-21
Citizen Science And Social Innovation Mutual Relations Barriers Needs And Development Factors written by Andrzej Klimczuk and has been published by Frontiers Media SA this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2022-03-21 with Science categories.
Abstract: Social innovations are usually understood as new ideas, initiatives, or solutions that make it possible to meet the challenges of societies in fields such as social security, education, employment, culture, health, environment, housing, and economic development. On the one hand, many citizen science activities serve to achieve scientific as well as social and educational goals. Thus, these actions are opening an arena for introducing social innovations. On the other hand, some social innovations are further developed, adapted, or altered after the involvement of scientist-supervised citizens (laypeople or volunteers) in research and with the use of the citizen science tools and methods such as action research, crowdsourcing, and community-based participatory research. Such approaches are increasingly recognized as crucial for gathering data, addressing community needs, and creating engagement and cooperation between citizens and professional scientists. However, there are also vari