Logical Positivism A Note On The Philosophical School
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Logical Positivism A Note On The Philosophical School
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Author : Pons Malleus
language : en
Publisher: Pons Malleus
Release Date : 2025-07-14
Logical Positivism A Note On The Philosophical School written by Pons Malleus and has been published by Pons Malleus this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2025-07-14 with Philosophy categories.
This book is an exploration of one of the most influential—and, in many respects, controversial—philosophical movements of the 20th century: logical positivism. Emerging in the intellectually vibrant but politically fractured climate of interwar Europe, logical positivism sought to establish a new foundation for philosophy—one rooted in logic, empirical science, and linguistic clarity. It was a radical call to arms against metaphysics, mysticism, and what its proponents saw as the obscurities and excesses of traditional philosophical discourse. The core idea of logical positivism, also known as logical empiricism, was deceptively simple: only statements verifiable through empirical observation or logical proof are cognitively meaningful. All other statements, particularly those about metaphysical entities or ethical absolutes, were to be dismissed as meaningless—not necessarily false, but lacking the kind of sense that makes a claim genuinely discussable. This idea, often referred to as the "verification principle," formed the centerpiece of the movement and would shape debates in philosophy of language, science, and epistemology for decades. Logical positivism was not a monolith, however. Its development involved a diverse group of thinkers—chief among them members of the Vienna Circle, such as Moritz Schlick, Rudolf Carnap, Otto Neurath, and later A.J. Ayer in the Anglo-American world—each with distinct contributions and evolving positions. What united them was a shared commitment to clarity, precision, and the belief that philosophy should be continuous with the sciences, not isolated from them. In this sense, logical positivism represented both a philosophical and cultural project: the attempt to bring reason, logic, and scientific method into a world increasingly dominated by ideology, superstition, and social upheaval. Yet the story of logical positivism is not one of unbroken success. By the mid-20th century, the movement came under sustained criticism. The verification principle itself was shown to be problematic—neither verifiable nor analytic—and the ambition to eliminate all metaphysics came to be seen by many as overly reductive. Still, even as the movement waned, its legacy endured. The analytical rigor it demanded became standard in many philosophical circles, and its influence is unmistakable in contemporary philosophy of science, logic, and language. This book is not an uncritical celebration of logical positivism, nor is it a wholesale rejection. Rather, it seeks to trace the history, articulate the arguments, and evaluate the impact of this philosophical school with fairness and clarity. Through a careful examination of its principles, developments, internal tensions, and critiques, we aim to understand both the appeal and the limitations of the logical positivist vision. In an age once again marked by uncertainty, disinformation, and epistemological confusion, revisiting the aspirations and challenges of logical positivism is not merely a historical exercise. It is a philosophical imperative. Let us begin.
Angela Carter And Western Philosophy
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Author : Heidi Yeandle
language : en
Publisher: Springer
Release Date : 2016-12-10
Angela Carter And Western Philosophy written by Heidi Yeandle and has been published by Springer this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2016-12-10 with Literary Criticism categories.
This book unearths Carter’s deconstruction of the male-dominated discipline of Western thought. Revealing the extensive philosophical research that underpins Carter’s intertextual work, this book offers new readings of her fiction in relation to a range of philosophical texts and ideas. By re-examining Carter’s writing with reference to the archived collection of her notes that has recently become available at the British Library, Angela Carter and Western Philosophy puts forward new interpretations of Carter’s writing practices. With chapters examining her allusions to Plato, Hobbes and Rousseau, Descartes, Locke and Hume, Wittgenstein and Ryle, as well as Kant and Sade, this book illuminates Carter’s engagement with different areas of Western thought, and discusses how this shapes her portrayal of reality, identity, civilisation, and morality. Angela Carter and Western Philosophy will be of interest to researchers, lecturers, and students working on contemporary women’s writing, philosophy and literature, and intertextual literary practices.
Philosophy S Loss Of Logic To Mathematics
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Author : Woosuk Park
language : en
Publisher: Springer
Release Date : 2018-07-12
Philosophy S Loss Of Logic To Mathematics written by Woosuk Park and has been published by Springer this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2018-07-12 with Philosophy categories.
This book offers a historical explanation of important philosophical problems in logic and mathematics, which have been neglected by the official history of modern logic. It offers extensive information on Gottlob Frege’s logic, discussing which aspects of his logic can be considered truly innovative in its revolution against the Aristotelian logic. It presents the work of Hilbert and his associates and followers with the aim of understanding the revolutionary change in the axiomatic method. Moreover, it offers useful tools to understand Tarski’s and Gödel’s work, explaining why the problems they discussed are still unsolved. Finally, the book reports on some of the most influential positions in contemporary philosophy of mathematics, i.e., Maddy’s mathematical naturalism and Shapiro’s mathematical structuralism. Last but not least, the book introduces Biancani’s Aristotelian philosophy of mathematics as this is considered important to understand current philosophical issue in the applications of mathematics. One of the main purposes of the book is to stimulate readers to reconsider the Aristotelian position, which disappeared almost completely from the scene in logic and mathematics in the early twentieth century.
The Vienna Circle And Logical Empiricism
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Author : F. Stadler
language : en
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Release Date : 2006-06-09
The Vienna Circle And Logical Empiricism written by F. Stadler and has been published by Springer Science & Business Media this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2006-06-09 with Science categories.
The Vienna Circle and Logical Empiricism is for scholars, researchers and students in history and philosophy of science focusing on Logical Empiricism and analytic philosophy (of science). This volume features recent work from international research and historiography on the Vienna Circle and Logical Empiricism and their influence. It is unique in that it: -provides historical and systematic research; -deals with the influence and impact of the Vienna Circle/Logical Empiricism on today's philosophy of science; -explores the intellectual context of this scientific philosophy; -unites contributions by renowned scholars and a younger generation of philosophers; -focuses on main figures and peripheral adherents; -features crucial issues of Logical Empiricism; -documents the activities of the Vienna Circle Institute; -includes reviews on related topics.
John Rawls
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Author : Andrius Gališanka
language : en
Publisher: Harvard University Press
Release Date : 2019-05-01
John Rawls written by Andrius Gališanka and has been published by Harvard University Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2019-05-01 with Philosophy categories.
Critics have maintained that John Rawls’s theory of justice is unrealistic and undemocratic. Andrius Gališanka’s incisive intellectual biography argues that in misunderstanding the origins and development of Rawls’s argument, previous narratives fail to explain the novelty of his philosophical approach and so misunderstand his political vision.
China S Philosophical Studies Rediscovery Of Chinese Spiritual Essence
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Author : Ruiquan Gao
language : en
Publisher: World Scientific
Release Date : 2022-02-25
China S Philosophical Studies Rediscovery Of Chinese Spiritual Essence written by Ruiquan Gao and has been published by World Scientific this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2022-02-25 with Religion categories.
China's Philosophical Studies: Rediscovery of Chinese Spiritual Essence collects essential research findings of China's philosophical studies conducted by the academics at East China Normal University (ECNU) in recent years. The book covers topics including thoughts in China's Spring and Autumn Period, Chinese virtue of trust, establishing morals, historical studies of Chinese philosophy, etc.This book is the fifth volume of the WSPC-ECNU Series on China. This Series showcases the significant contributions to scholarship in social sciences and humanities studies about China. It is jointly launched by World Scientific Publishing, the most reputable English academic publisher in Asia, and ECNU, a top University in China with a long history of exchanges with the international academic community.
An Encyclopedia Of Philosophy
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Author : G.H.R. Parkinson
language : en
Publisher: Routledge
Release Date : 2012-10-12
An Encyclopedia Of Philosophy written by G.H.R. Parkinson and has been published by Routledge this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2012-10-12 with Philosophy categories.
* Presents a broad survey of philosophical thought * Each chapter explores, and places in context, a major area of philosophical enquiry - including the theory of meaning and of truth, the theory of knowledge, the philosophies of mathematics, science and metaphysics, the philosophy of mind, moral and political philosophy, aesthetics, and religion * Annotated bibliographies for each chapter and indexes of names and subjects * Glossary of commonly-used philosophical terms * Chronological table of the history of philosophy from 1600 `It is a fine achievement and deserves the warmest praise ... Anyone interested in learning what contemporary philosophical debate is about will find this book invaluable ... for a book of this size and quality of content the cover price is modest. Every public library as well as every university, college and school library should have a copy on its shelves.' - Times Higher Education Supplement `A stimulating collection.' - Reference Reviews
Practical Philosophy
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Author : H. Odera Oruka
language : en
Publisher: East African Publishers
Release Date : 1997
Practical Philosophy written by H. Odera Oruka and has been published by East African Publishers this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1997 with Ethics categories.
A Realist Philosophy Of Science
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Author : J. Aronson
language : en
Publisher: Springer
Release Date : 1984-02-23
A Realist Philosophy Of Science written by J. Aronson and has been published by Springer this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1984-02-23 with Science categories.
This book is about the nature of scientific theory. The central topicic of inquiry concerns how it is that theories are able to supply us with powerful and elegant explanations of puzzling phenomena that often confront the scientist and layman alike. It is argued that an answer to this question supplies us with an account of how theories achieve a variety of tasks such as the prediction and organization of data, including how they support a very important class of claims known int he literature as counterfactual conditionals. The book begins by presenting a critical survey of past, classic formulations of the nature of scientific theory which are promient in philosophy of sciences circles today. These include the doctrines of logical positivism, Hempel's Deductive-Nomological model of explanation, Hanson's gestalt approach to understanding and observation, Kuhn's sociology of science, and others. After presenting the reader with a critical examination of the above approaches to the nature of scientific theory, the author then presents his own views. His approach is essentially an ontological one. Ontology is usually characterized as the sudy of the nature of the most fundamental constituents of the universe. The major contention of the book is that theories are essentially deptictions of the nature of things, and that it is this feature which accounts for their ability to explain, predict and organize a vast array of data. In the tradition of more recent versions of scientific realism that have occured in the literature, the author attempts to show that the very confirmation of a tgheory depends on its ability to refer to the fundamental constituents of nature. It is argued that science can function only from an ontological point of view. In order to show this, the student is presented with a model of how theories are confirmed which is then cojoined with a model of the nature of scientific explanation. In so doing, the author ends up fostering a view of science which is rather controversial to twentieth-century philosophical tradition, namely that science is really metaphysics in disguise but a metaphysics which can ultimately be judged by empirical standards. Such an approch to science characterizes the modern-day scientist as an old-fashioned natural philosopher.
The Hermeneutical Spiral
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Author : Grant R. Osborne
language : en
Publisher: InterVarsity Press
Release Date : 2010-01-25
The Hermeneutical Spiral written by Grant R. Osborne and has been published by InterVarsity Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2010-01-25 with Religion categories.
In this revised and expanded edition, Grant Osborne provides seminary students and working pastors with the full set of tools they need to travel the hermeneutical spiral—moving from sound exegesis to the development of biblical and systematic theologies and to the preparation of sound, biblical sermons.