Los Cristeros
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Viva Cristo Rey
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Author : David C. Bailey
language : en
Publisher: University of Texas Press
Release Date : 2013-04-10
Viva Cristo Rey written by David C. Bailey and has been published by University of Texas Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2013-04-10 with History categories.
Between 1926 and 1929, thousands of Mexicans fought and died in an attempt to overthrow the government of their country. They were the Cristeros, so called because of their battle cry, ¡Viva Cristo Rey!—Long Live Christ the King! The Cristero rebellion and the church-state conflict remain one of the most controversial subjects in Mexican history, and much of the writing on it is emotional polemic. David C. Bailey, basing his study on the most important published and unpublished sources available, strikes a balance between objective reporting and analysis. This book depicts a national calamity in which sincere people followed their convictions to often tragic ends. The Cristero rebellion climaxed a century of animosity between the Catholic church and the Mexican state, and this background is briefly summarized here. With the coming of the 1910 revolution the hostility intensified. The revolutionists sought to impose severe limitations on the Church, and Catholic anti-revolutionary militancy grew apace. When the government in 1926 decreed strict enforcement of anticlerical legislation, matters reached a crisis. Church authorities suspended public worship throughout Mexico, and Catholics in various parts of the country rose up in arms. There followed almost three years of indecisive guerrilla warfare marked by brutal excesses on both sides. Bailey describes the armed struggle in broad outline but concentrates on the political and diplomatic maneuvering that ultimately decided the issue. A de facto settlement was brought about in 1929, based on the government’s pledge to allow the Church to perform its spiritual offices under its own internal discipline. The pact was arranged mainly through the intercession of U.S. Ambassador Dwight Morrow. His role in the conflict, as well as that of other Americans who decisively influenced the course of events, receives detailed attention in the study. The position of the Vatican during the conflict and its role in the settlement are also examined in detail. With the 1929 settlement the clergy returned to the churches, whereupon the Cristeros lost public support and the rebellion collapsed. The spirit of the settlement soon evaporated, more strife followed, and only after another decade did permanent religious peace come to Mexico.
The Cristero Rebellion
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Author : Jean A. Meyer
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 1976
The Cristero Rebellion written by Jean A. Meyer and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1976 with Church and state categories.
Saints And Sinners In The Cristero War
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Author : James Murphy
language : en
Publisher: Ignatius Press
Release Date : 2019-02-19
Saints And Sinners In The Cristero War written by James Murphy and has been published by Ignatius Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2019-02-19 with Religion categories.
This provocative account of the persecution of the Catholic Church in Mexico in the 1920s and 1930s tells the stories of eight pivotal players. The saints are now honored as martyrs by the Catholic Church, and the sinners were political and military leaders who were accomplices in the persecution. The saintly standouts are Anacleto González Flores, whose non-violent demonstrations ended with his death after a day of brutal torture; Archbishop Francisco Orozco y Jiménez, who ran his vast archdiocese from hiding while on the run from the Mexican government; Fr. Toribio Romo González, who was shot in his bed one morning simply for being a Catholic priest; and Fr. Miguel Pro, the famous Jesuit who kept slipping through the hands of the military police in Mexico City despite being on the "most wanted" list for sixteen months. The four sinners are Melchor Ocampo, the powerful politician who believed that Catholicism was the cause of Mexico's problems; President Plutarco Elías Calles, the fanatical atheist who brutally persecuted the Church; José Reyes Vega, the priest who ignored the orders of his archbishop and became a general in the Cristero army; and Tomás Garrido Canabal, a farmer-turned-politician who became known as the "Scourge of Tabasco". This cast of characters is presented in a compelling narrative of the Cristero War that engages the reader like a gripping novel while it unfolds a largely unknown chapter in the history of America.
The Holy War In Los Altos
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Author : Jim Tuck
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 1982
The Holy War In Los Altos written by Jim Tuck and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1982 with History categories.
Insurgency Counter Insurgency And Policing In Centre West Mexico 1926 1929
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Author : Mark Lawrence
language : en
Publisher: Bloomsbury Publishing
Release Date : 2020-02-20
Insurgency Counter Insurgency And Policing In Centre West Mexico 1926 1929 written by Mark Lawrence and has been published by Bloomsbury Publishing this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2020-02-20 with History categories.
Waged between 1926 and 1929, The Cristero War (also known as The Cristero Rebellion or La Cristiada) resulted from a religious insurrectionary movement, which formed in protest of the Mexican Revolution's anticlerical constitution of 1917. It was arguably the most violent and divisive episode in Mexican history between the 1910 Revolution itself and the ongoing 'Narco Wars'. Filling in major gaps in our understanding of the conflict, Mark Lawrence explores both combatant and civilian experiences in the centre-west Mexican state of Zacatecas and its borderlands. Lawrence shows that, despite the centrality of this key region, it has received little scholarly attention compared with other states, such as Jalisco or Michoacán, which saw similar levels of conflict. In providing a greater understanding of Zacatecas during The Cristero War, Lawrence not only works to even out a major historiographical bias, but he also sheds greater light on the contours of religious conflict and political dissent in early 20th-century Mexican history. In particular, he illustrates how the dynamics of local politics had fundamentally affected the way that a broader movement was embraced (and rejected) at a sub-national level. As such, he offers all historians, irrespective of geographic or temporal specialization, a reminder not to make sweeping assumptions about the everyday nature of compliance and resistance at the local level.
Popular Movements And State Formation In Revolutionary Mexico
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Author : Jennie Purnell
language : en
Publisher: Duke University Press
Release Date : 1999
Popular Movements And State Formation In Revolutionary Mexico written by Jennie Purnell and has been published by Duke University Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1999 with History categories.
Purnell reconsiders peasant partisanship in the cristiada of 1926-29, one episode in the broader Mexican Revolution.
Mexican Exodus
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Author : Julia G. Young
language : en
Publisher: Oxford University Press
Release Date : 2015-07-01
Mexican Exodus written by Julia G. Young and has been published by Oxford University Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2015-07-01 with History categories.
In the summer of 1926, an army of Mexican Catholics launched a war against their government. Bearing aloft the banners of Christ the King and the Virgin of Guadalupe, they equipped themselves not only with guns, but also with scapulars, rosaries, prayers, and religious visions. These soldiers were called cristeros, and the war they fought, which would continue until the mid-1930s, is known as la Cristiada, or the Cristero war. The most intense fighting occurred in Mexico's west-central states, especially Jalisco, Guanajuato, and Michoacán. For this reason, scholars have generally regarded the war as a regional event, albeit one with national implications. Yet in fact, the Cristero war crossed the border into the United States, along with thousands of Mexican emigrants, exiles, and refugees. In Mexican Exodus, Julia Young reframes the Cristero war as a transnational conflict, using previously unexamined archival materials from both Mexico and the United States to investigate the intersections between Mexico's Cristero War and Mexican migration to the United States during the late 1920s. She traces the formation, actions, and ideologies of the Cristero diaspora--a network of Mexicans across the United States who supported the Catholic uprising from beyond the border. These Cristero supporters participated in the conflict in a variety of ways: they took part in religious ceremonies and spectacles, organized political demonstrations and marches, formed associations and organizations, and collaborated with religious and political leaders on both sides of the border. Some of them even launched militant efforts that included arms smuggling, military recruitment, espionage, and armed border revolts. Ultimately, the Cristero diaspora aimed to overturn Mexico's anticlerical government and reform the Mexican Constitution of 1917. Although the group was unable to achieve its political goals, Young argues that these emigrants--and the war itself--would have a profound and enduring resonance for Mexican emigrants, impacting community formation, political affiliations, and religious devotion throughout subsequent decades and up to the present day.
Viva Cristo Rey
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Author : David C. Bailey
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date :
Viva Cristo Rey written by David C. Bailey and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on with categories.
La Cristiada
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Author : Jean Meyer
language : en
Publisher: Square One Pub
Release Date : 2013
La Cristiada written by Jean Meyer and has been published by Square One Pub this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2013 with History categories.
Provides a pictorial history of the little-known Mexican religious war waged as a result of anti-Catholic oppression, examining the events, personalities, and politics involved and how support from the U.S. helped end the conflict.
The Cristero Rebellion
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Author : Jean A. Meyer
language : en
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
Release Date : 2008-12-18
The Cristero Rebellion written by Jean A. Meyer and has been published by Cambridge University Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2008-12-18 with History categories.
The Cristero movement is an essential part of the Mexican Revolution. When in 1926 relations between Church and state, old enemies and old partners, eventually broke down, when the churches closed and the liturgy was suspended, Rome, Washington and Mexico, without ever losing their heads, embarked upon a long game of chess. These years were crucial, because they saw the setting up of the contemporary political system. The state established its omnipotence, supported by a bureaucratic apparatus and a strong privileged class. Just at the moment when the state thought that it was finally supreme, at the moment at which it decided to take control of the Church, the Cristero movement arose, a spontaneous mass movement, particularly of peasants, unique in its spread, its duration, and its popular character. For obvious reasons, the existing literature has both denied its reality and slandered it.