Low Fertility And Reproductive Health In East Asia
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Low Fertility And Reproductive Health In East Asia
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Author : Naohiro Ogawa
language : en
Publisher: Springer
Release Date : 2014-10-07
Low Fertility And Reproductive Health In East Asia written by Naohiro Ogawa and has been published by Springer this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2014-10-07 with Social Science categories.
This book provides a unique blend of social and biomedical sciences in the field of low fertility and reproductive health. It offers a significant contribution to understanding the determinants of low fertility mostly in East Asia, including an assessment of the effectiveness of policies that aim to raise fertility. It introduces new analytical tools and methods and shares application of innovative approaches to analyzing cross-sectional and longitudinal survey data and macro socioeconomic data to shed light on changing mechanisms of low fertility in the context of reproductive health. The volume introduces the demographic dividend into the study of fertility, analyzes possible impact of population ageing on the amount of resources allocated to child rearing, i.e. the so called "crowding effect" in social care and public spending between the elderly and children. The book also tests the Low Fertility Trap (LFT) hypothesis, a new important theory regarding fertility trends. The book focuses on East Asia which is numerically large but relatively under-researched with regard to issues covered in various chapters. The relevance of the volume, however, goes beyond countries in East Asia. The book breaks new grounds and reveals little known facts regarding the influence of endocrine disruptors on male fertility through falling sperm counts, the phenomenon of marital sexlessness and about the sexual behavior of adolescents in East Asia.
Ultra Low Fertility In Pacific Asia
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Author : Paulin Straughan
language : en
Publisher: Routledge
Release Date : 2008-09-25
Ultra Low Fertility In Pacific Asia written by Paulin Straughan and has been published by Routledge this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2008-09-25 with Medical categories.
Japan, Singapore, Taiwan, South Korea and Hong Kong SAR are among the very lowest-fertility countries in the whole world, and even China has reached fertility levels lower than those in many European countries. If these levels continue over long periods East Asia will soon face accelerating population decline in addition the changes in age distributions in such populations raise major new questions for planning of economic and social welfare. This book brings together work by noted experts on the low fertility countries of East Asia with an up-to-date analysis of trends in fertility, what we know about their determinants and consequences, the policy issues and how these are being addressed in the various countries. Its role in bringing together information on policy trends and initiatives of a pro-natalist kind adopted over recent years in these countries is extremely important, as is the fact that the discussion of these pro-natalist policies is set in the context of a thorough analysis of what has driven fertility so low in these countries. Ultra-Low Fertility in Pacific Asia is invaluable to students and scholars of East Asian public and social policy, as well as fertility studies more generally.
Convergence To Very Low Fertility In East Asia
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Author : Noriko O. Tsuya
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2019
Convergence To Very Low Fertility In East Asia written by Noriko O. Tsuya and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2019 with Fertility, Human categories.
This book examines the trends, underlying factors, and policy implications of fertility declines in three East Asian countries: Japan, South Korea, and China. In contrast to Western countries that have also experienced fertility declines to below-replacement levels, fertility decline in these East Asian countries is most notable in its rapidity and sheer magnitude. After a rapid decline shortly after the war, in which fertility was halved in one decade from 4.5 children per woman in 1947 to 2.1 in 1957, Japan's fertility started to decline to below-replacement levels in the mid-1970s, reaching 1.3 per woman in the early 2000s. Korea experienced one of the most spectacular declines ever recorded, with fertility falling continuously from very high (6.0 per woman) to a below-replacement level (1.6 per woman) between the early 1960s and mid-1980s, reaching 1.1 per woman in 2005. Similarly, after a dramatic decline from very high to low levels in one decade from the early 1970s to early 1980s, China's fertility reached around 1.5 per woman by 2005. Despite differences in timing, tempo, and scale of fertility declines, dramatic fertility reductions have resulted in extremely rapid population aging and foreshadow a long-term population decline in all three countries. This monograph provides a systematic comparison of fertility transitions in these East Asian countries and discusses the economic, social, and cultural factors that may account for their similarities and differences. After an overview of cultural backgrounds, economic transformations, and the evolution of policies, the trends and age patterns of fertility are examined. The authors then investigate changes in women's marriage and childbearing within marriage, the two major direct determinants of fertility, followed by an analysis of the social and economic factors underlying fertility and nuptiality changes, such as education, women's employment, and gender relations at home.
Gender Health And History In Modern East Asia
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Author : Angela Ki Che Leung
language : en
Publisher: Hong Kong University Press
Release Date : 2017-11-22
Gender Health And History In Modern East Asia written by Angela Ki Che Leung and has been published by Hong Kong University Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2017-11-22 with History categories.
This groundbreaking volume captures and analyzes the exhilarating and at times disorienting experience when scientists, government officials, educators, and the general public in East Asia tried to come to terms with the introduction of Western biological and medical sciences to the region. The nexus of gender and health is a compelling theme, for this is an area in which private lives and personal characteristics encounter the interventions of public policies. The nine empirically based studies by scholars of history of medicine, sociology, anthropology, and STS (science, technology, and society), spanning Japan, Korea, China, Taiwan, and Hong Kong from the 1870s to the present, demonstrate just how tightly concerns with gender and health have been woven into the enterprise of modernization and nation-building throughout the long twentieth century. The concepts of “gender” and “health” have become so commonly used that one might overlook that they are actually complicated notions with vexed histories even in their native contexts. Transposing such terminologies into another historical or geographical dimension is fraught with problems, and what makes the East Asian cases in this volume particularly illuminating is that they present concepts of gender and health in motion. The studies show how individuals and societies made sense of modern scientific discourses on diseases, body, sex, and reproduction, redefining existing terms in the process and adopting novel ideas to face new challenges and demands. “Whether reviewing the comparative national histories of birth control, debating early cases of transsexual surgery, or highlighting the resurgence of ‘traditional’ Asian medical commodities, this volume provides accessible and productive studies on these intriguing topics in Asia. Scholars of modern East Asia and indeed anyone concerned with the analysis of gender and health in light of intersecting postcolonial studies will find the book rewarding.” —Rayna Rapp, New York University “A bold and important volume that explores the interweaving of gender, body, and modernity throughout East Asia. With vivid articles on sexuality, reproductive technologies, and sexual identities, the book opens multiple possibilities for how ‘Asia as method’ can shine new light on persistent theoretical questions from biopower to biocitizenship.” —Ruth Rogaski, Vanderbilt University
The Value Of Family Planning Programs In Developing Countries
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Author : Rodolfo A. Bulatao
language : en
Publisher: RAND Corporation
Release Date : 1998
The Value Of Family Planning Programs In Developing Countries written by Rodolfo A. Bulatao and has been published by RAND Corporation this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1998 with Business & Economics categories.
Family planning programs have been highly successful over the past 30 years in providing women in developing countries with desired access to contraceptive services and helping to reduce fertility rates. Notwithstanding this success, there is still an urgent need for these programs. The world's population is increasing, with annual population growth still approximately 80 million people. Nearly all of this growth is occurring in developing nations, where fertility rates remain relatively high. This high fertility runs counter to the preferences expressed by millions of women, who actually want to have smaller families. Family planning programs are also desirable because they are associated with a range of other benefits, most notably improvements in women's and children's health. Host countries provide about 60 to 75 percent of funding for family planning. However, funding and technical assistance from donor nations, especially the United States, have been crucial to the past success of family planning programs and are equally important for strengthening and expanding program efforts to meet future challenges.
Reproductive Health And Family Planning
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Author :
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 1995
Reproductive Health And Family Planning written by and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1995 with Birth control categories.
Fertility Trends And Prospects In East And South East Asian Countries And Implications For Policies And Programmes
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Author : Richard Leete
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 1991
Fertility Trends And Prospects In East And South East Asian Countries And Implications For Policies And Programmes written by Richard Leete and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1991 with Asia categories.
Population Policy And Reproduction In Singapore
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Author : Shirley Hsiao-Li Sun
language : en
Publisher: Routledge
Release Date : 2012-07-26
Population Policy And Reproduction In Singapore written by Shirley Hsiao-Li Sun and has been published by Routledge this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2012-07-26 with Political Science categories.
This book examines the relationship between population policies and individual reproductive decisions in low-fertility contexts. Using the case study of Singapore, it demonstrates that the effectiveness of population policy is a function of competing notions of citizenship, and the gap between seemingly neutral policy incentives and the perceived and experienced disparate effects. Drawing on a substantial number of personal interviews and focus groups, the book analyzes the developmental welfare state’s overarching emphasis of citizen responsibility, and examines population policies that reinforce social inequalities and ignore cultural diversity. These factors combine to undermine elaborate state policy efforts in encouraging citizens’ biological reproduction. The book goes on to argue that in order to facilitate positive fertility decisions, the state needs to modify the “economic production at all cost” approach and pay much more attention to the importance of social rights. This suggests that the Singapore government might profitably approach the phenomenon of very low fertility with major initiatives similar to those of other advanced industrialized societies. This book offers a significant contribution to the literature on social policy, East Asian and Southeast Asian studies.
Perception Of Family And Work In Low Fertility East Asia
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Author : Junji Kageyama
language : en
Publisher: Springer
Release Date : 2023-09-20
Perception Of Family And Work In Low Fertility East Asia written by Junji Kageyama and has been published by Springer this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2023-09-20 with Social Science categories.
This book is the first of its kind to incorporate subjective well-being (SWB) data to comprehensively explore perceptional factors that relate to fertility behavior in East Asia. The advantage of SWB data lies in the accessibility to rich information regarding perceptions, attitudes, and behaviors. With this advantage, the book inquires into the perceptions toward family and work and explores the attitudes that lead to low fertility in the region. To this end, first a comparative analysis with international cross-sectional data is performed and the East Asian characteristics of family and work perceptions are documented. Then, three democracies in the region are focused on—Japan, South Korea, and Taiwan—to investigate the relationships between cultural orientations, work–life balance, and fertility outcomes with panel data. In addition, East Asian results are compared with those in India, which has also been experiencing a rapid transition from a traditional society to an industrial one. The results support the idea that the friction between persistent gender-based role divisions and socioeconomic transformation in East Asia makes it difficult for women to balance family and work, prompting fertility decline to the lowest-low level in the region.
Population Policy And Reproduction In Singapore
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Author : Shirley Hsiao-Li Sun
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2014-03-07
Population Policy And Reproduction In Singapore written by Shirley Hsiao-Li Sun and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2014-03-07 with Birth control categories.
This book examines the relationship between population policies and individual reproductive decisions in low-fertility contexts. Using the case study of Singapore, it demonstrates that the effectiveness of population policy is a function of competing notions of citizenship, and the gap between seemingly neutral policy incentives and the perceived and experienced disparate effects. Drawing on a substantial number of personal interviews and focus groups, the book analyzes the developmental welfare state's overarching emphasis of citizen responsibility, and examines population policies that reinforce social inequalities and ignore cultural diversity. These factors combine to undermine elaborate state policy efforts in encouraging citizens' biological reproduction. The book goes on to argue that in order to facilitate positive fertility decisions, the state needs to modify the "economic production at all cost" approach and pay much more attention to the importance of social rights. This suggests that the Singapore government might profitably approach the phenomenon of very low fertility with major initiatives similar to those of other advanced industrialized societies. This book offers a significant contribution to the literature on social policy, East Asian and Southeast Asian studies.