Magnetic Resonance Detection Of Explosives And Illicit Materials
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Magnetic Resonance Detection Of Explosives And Illicit Materials
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Author : Tomaž Apih
language : en
Publisher: Springer
Release Date : 2013-10-02
Magnetic Resonance Detection Of Explosives And Illicit Materials written by Tomaž Apih and has been published by Springer this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2013-10-02 with Technology & Engineering categories.
Detection of concealed explosives is a notoriously difficult problem, and many different approaches have been proposed to solve this problem. Nuclear quadrupole resonance (NQR) is unique in many ways. It operates in a safe AM radio frequency range, and it can remotely detect unique “fingerprint” (NQR spectrum) of many explosives, such as TNT or RDX. As such, the detection of target does not depend on the shape or material of the container, or the presence of metallic object such as triggers etc. Spectra of chemically similar compounds differ enough that their presence never causes interference or false alarms. Unfortunately, widespread use is prevented due to low sensitivity, radiofrequency interference from the noisy environment, and inability to detect liquid explosives. This book presents current state of the art of the attempts to overcome NQR sensitivity problem, either by increasing the strengths of signals generated, or by increasing the specificity of the technique through a better understanding of the factors that affect the quadrupolar parameters of specific explosives. The use of these specific quadrupolar parameters is demonstrated on signal processing techniques that can detect weak signals, which are hidden in a noisy background. The problem of differentiation of liquid explosives and benign liquids in closed containers is approached by measurements of different nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) parameters. As shown, a couple of solutions has reached a prototype stage and could find their use in a near future.
Explosives Detection
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Author : Lorenzo Capineri
language : en
Publisher: Springer Nature
Release Date : 2020-01-29
Explosives Detection written by Lorenzo Capineri and has been published by Springer Nature this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2020-01-29 with Technology & Engineering categories.
This volume presents selected contributions from the “Advanced Research Workshop on Explosives Detection” hosted by the Department of Information Engineering of the University of Florence, Italy in 2018. The main goal of the workshop was to find out how Science for Peace and Security projects in the field of Explosives Detection contribute to the development and/or refinement of scientific and technical knowledge and competencies. The findings of the workshop, presented in the last section of the book, determine future actions and direction of the SPS Programme in the field of explosives detection and management.The NATO Science for Peace and Security (SPS) Programme, promotes dialogue and practical cooperation between NATO member states and partner nations based on scientific research, technological innovation and knowledge exchange. Several initiatives were launched in the field of explosive detection and clearance, as part of NATO’s enhanced role in the international fight against terrorism. Experts and scientists from NATO members and partner countries have been brought together in multi-year projects, within the framework of the SPS Programme, to cooperate in the scientific research in explosive detection field, developing new technologies and methods to be implemented in order to detect explosive substances in different contexts.
Magnetic Resonance Detection Of Explosives And Illicit Materials
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Author : Tomaz Apih
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2013-10-31
Magnetic Resonance Detection Of Explosives And Illicit Materials written by Tomaz Apih and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2013-10-31 with categories.
Signal Processing And Analysis Techniques For Nuclear Quadrupole Resonance Spectroscopy
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Author : Cristian Monea
language : en
Publisher: Springer Nature
Release Date : 2021-10-11
Signal Processing And Analysis Techniques For Nuclear Quadrupole Resonance Spectroscopy written by Cristian Monea and has been published by Springer Nature this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2021-10-11 with Technology & Engineering categories.
This book is about improving prohibited substances detection using the nuclear quadrupole resonance (NQR) technique at security checkpoints. The book proposes multiple signal processing and analysis techniques for improving detection of dangerous or contraband substances, such as explosives, narcotics, or toxic substances. Also, several hardware solutions are described and implemented in a custom-designed NQR spectrometer. A new approach to NQR signal detection is introduced using artificial intelligence/deep learning techniques. The book will be useful for for researchers and practitioners in the areas of electrical engineering, signal processing and analysis, applied spectroscopy, as well as for security or laboratory equipment manufacturers.
Nuclear Magnetic Resonance
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Author :
language : en
Publisher: Royal Society of Chemistry
Release Date : 2015-05-12
Nuclear Magnetic Resonance written by and has been published by Royal Society of Chemistry this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2015-05-12 with Science categories.
Applications of nuclear magnetic resonance span a wide range of scientific disciplines, from physics to medicine. This series has provided an essential digest of the NMR literature for more than four decades and each volume provides unrivalled coverage of the literature on this topic. Continuous coverage on some topics such as theoretical and physical aspects of nuclear shielding is balanced by the desire for coverage on newer topics like applications in biological systems and materials science. For those wanting to become rapidly acquainted with NMR or seasoned practitioners, this is an invaluable source of current methods and applications.
Encyclopedia Of Spectroscopy And Spectrometry
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Author :
language : en
Publisher: Academic Press
Release Date : 2016-09-22
Encyclopedia Of Spectroscopy And Spectrometry written by and has been published by Academic Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2016-09-22 with Science categories.
This third edition of the Encyclopedia of Spectroscopy and Spectrometry, Three Volume Set provides authoritative and comprehensive coverage of all aspects of spectroscopy and closely related subjects that use the same fundamental principles, including mass spectrometry, imaging techniques and applications. It includes the history, theoretical background, details of instrumentation and technology, and current applications of the key areas of spectroscopy. The new edition will include over 80 new articles across the field. These will complement those from the previous edition, which have been brought up-to-date to reflect the latest trends in the field. Coverage in the third edition includes: Atomic spectroscopy Electronic spectroscopy Fundamentals in spectroscopy High-Energy spectroscopy Magnetic resonance Mass spectrometry Spatially-resolved spectroscopic analysis Vibrational, rotational and Raman spectroscopies The new edition is aimed at professional scientists seeking to familiarize themselves with particular topics quickly and easily. This major reference work continues to be clear and accessible and focus on the fundamental principles, techniques and applications of spectroscopy and spectrometry. Incorporates more than 150 color figures, 5,000 references, and 300 articles for a thorough examination of the field Highlights new research and promotes innovation in applied areas ranging from food science and forensics to biomedicine and health Presents a one-stop resource for quick access to answers and an in-depth examination of topics in the spectroscopy and spectrometry arenas
Detection Of Bulk Explosives Advanced Techniques Against Terrorism
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Author : Hiltmar Schubert
language : en
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Release Date : 2012-12-06
Detection Of Bulk Explosives Advanced Techniques Against Terrorism written by Hiltmar Schubert and has been published by Springer Science & Business Media this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2012-12-06 with Science categories.
Detection of Bulk Explosives: Advanced Techniques against Terrorism contains reviews of: existing and emerging bulk explosives detection techniques; scientific and technical policy of the Federal Border Service of the Russian Federation; challenges in application and evaluation of EDS systems for aviation security; multi-sensor approach to explosives detection. There are also reports devoted to the following individual explosive detection techniques: X-ray systems in airports; neutron in, gamma out techniques; neutron and gamma backscattering; nuclear quadruple resonance, including remote NQR; sub-surface radars; microwave scanners; laser-induced burst spectroscopy (LIBS); acoustic sensors; nonlinear location (NUD); systems for localization and destruction of explosive objects.
Explosives Detection Using Magnetic And Nuclear Resonance Techniques
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Author : Jacques Fraissard
language : en
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Release Date : 2009-07-06
Explosives Detection Using Magnetic And Nuclear Resonance Techniques written by Jacques Fraissard and has been published by Springer Science & Business Media this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2009-07-06 with Technology & Engineering categories.
Nuclear quadrupole resonance (NQR) a highly promising new technique for bulk explosives detection: relatively inexpensive, more compact than NMR, but with considerable selectivity. Since the NQR frequency is insensitive to long-range variations in composition, mixing explosives with other materials, such as the plasticizers in plastic explosives, makes no difference. The NQR signal strength varies linearly with the amount of explosive, and is independent of its distribution within the volume monitored. NQR spots explosive types in configurations missed by the X-ray imaging method. But if NQR is so good, why it is not used everywhere? Its main limitation is the low signal-to-noise ratio, particularly with the radio-frequency interference that exists in a field environment, NQR polarization being much weaker than that from an external magnetic field. The distinctive signatures are there, but are difficult to extract from the noise. In addition, the high selectivity is partly a disadvantage, as it is hard to build a multichannel system necessary to cover a wide range of target substances. Moreover, substances fully screened by metallic enclosures, etc. are difficult to detect. A workshop was held at St Petersburg in July 2008 in an attempt to solve these problems and make NQR the universal technique for the detection of bombs regardless of type. This book presents the essentials of the papers given there.
Containing The Threat From Illegal Bombings
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Author : Committee on Marking, Rendering Inert, and Licensing of Explosive Materials
language : en
Publisher: National Academies Press
Release Date : 1998-06-10
Containing The Threat From Illegal Bombings written by Committee on Marking, Rendering Inert, and Licensing of Explosive Materials and has been published by National Academies Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1998-06-10 with Technology & Engineering categories.
In response to the rising concern of the American public over illegal bombings, the Bureau of Alcohol, Tobacco, and Firearms asked the National Research Council to examine possible mechanisms for reducing this threat. The committee examined four approaches to reducing the bombing threat: addition of detection markers to explosives for pre-blast detection, addition of identification taggants to explosives for post-blast identification of bombers, possible means to render common explosive materials inert, and placing controls on explosives and their precursors. The book makes several recommendations to reduce the number of criminal bombings in this country.
Interpol S Forensic Science Review
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Author : Niamh Nic Daeid
language : en
Publisher: CRC Press
Release Date : 2017-08-09
Interpol S Forensic Science Review written by Niamh Nic Daeid and has been published by CRC Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2017-08-09 with Law categories.
Every three years, worldwide forensics experts gather at the Interpol Forensic Science Symposium to exchange ideas and discuss scientific advances in the field of forensic science and criminal justice. Drawn from contributions made at the latest gathering in Lyon, France, Interpol's Forensic Science Review is a one-source reference providing a comp