Management Of Small Scale Tobacco Plantations In Indonesia
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Management Of Small Scale Tobacco Plantations In Indonesia
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Author : Muchsin Rahim
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 1988
Management Of Small Scale Tobacco Plantations In Indonesia written by Muchsin Rahim and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1988 with Plantations categories.
Management Of Small Scale Tobacco Plantations In Indonesia
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Author : Muchsin Rahim
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 1988
Management Of Small Scale Tobacco Plantations In Indonesia written by Muchsin Rahim and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1988 with categories.
Management Of Small Scale Tobacco Plantations In Indonesia Three Case Studies Management Van Kleinschalige Tabaksplantages In Indonesie Drie Case Studies
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Author : Muchsin Rahim
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 1988
Management Of Small Scale Tobacco Plantations In Indonesia Three Case Studies Management Van Kleinschalige Tabaksplantages In Indonesie Drie Case Studies written by Muchsin Rahim and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1988 with categories.
Smallholder Tobacco Growing In Indonesia
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Author : John C. Keyser
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2013
Smallholder Tobacco Growing In Indonesia written by John C. Keyser and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2013 with categories.
This supply-side study compares the financial costs and returns for smallholder tobacco farming with a selected range of smallholder crops that either complement tobacco or offer long-term diversification potential. It is a first step to understanding how tobacco farmers might be affected if the demand for tobacco fell in Indonesia, and to what extent farmers might be able to adjust by shifting to other crops, and the implications this might have for their incomes. The analysis is based on a set of 24 original per hectare crop budgets estimated specially for this study to reflect the actual costs and returns for tobacco and other farm enterprises in upland and lowland tobacco growing regions of Central Java to the best extent possible. These original budgets cover eight distinct crop enterprises including Virginia-kretek tobacco and seven other crops that either complement tobacco or offer diversification potential. To provide the broadest possible indication of relative costs and profitability of different enterprises, several production levels are considered for each commodity including low, medium, and high-input management. The analysis suggests that chilli, potatoes, nilam, and oranges offer a potential for similar (or better) net profits and rates of return than tobacco. However, the markets for these alternative enterprises are generally far more limited than those for tobacco, and considerable investments may be needed to help smallholders to succeed with these crops, such as the development specialized support services and the expansion of private trading networks. Especially in the case of perennial crops with a long maturity period, a shift away from tobacco can be difficult or risk because of less certain cost structures, unknown market outlets, high establishment costs, and limited availability of seasonal and long-term credit. Considerable efforts will be required to overcome these and other practical barriers for tobacco farmers to take advantage of the diversification opportunities this report suggests are available.
Social Impacts Of Oil Palm In Indonesia
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Author : Tania Murray Li
language : en
Publisher: CIFOR
Release Date : 2015-05-07
Social Impacts Of Oil Palm In Indonesia written by Tania Murray Li and has been published by CIFOR this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2015-05-07 with categories.
Oil palm plantations and smallholdings are expanding massively in Indonesia. Proponents highlight the potential for job creation and poverty alleviation, but scholars are more cautious, noting that social impacts of oil palm are not well understood. This report draws upon primary research in West Kalimantan to explore the gendered dynamics of oil palm among smallholders and plantation workers. It concludes that the social and economic benefits of oil palm are real, but restricted to particular social groups. Among smallholders in the research area, couples who were able to sustain diverse farming systems and add oil palm to their repertoire benefited more than transmigrants, who had to survive on limited incomes from a 2-ha plot.
Who Technical Manual On Tobacco Tax Administration
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Author : World Health Organization
language : en
Publisher: World Health Organization
Release Date : 2010
Who Technical Manual On Tobacco Tax Administration written by World Health Organization and has been published by World Health Organization this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2010 with Law categories.
Tobacco use is the single largest cause of preventable death globally, killing more than five million people each year. Tobacco use also creates considerable economic costs, from greater spending on health care to treat the diseases it brings on in users and those exposed to tobacco smoke to the lost productivity resulting from the premature deaths it causes. Of all the many interventions for reducing tobacco use, a significant increase in tobacco product taxes and prices has been demonstrated to be the single most effective and cost-effective intervention, particularly among the poor and the young. At the same time, because of the inelasticity of demand for tobacco products in most countries and the low share of tax in price in many, significant increases in tobacco taxes generate significant increases in the revenues generated by these taxes. This technical manual aims to help governments achieve both objectives by identifying a set of "best practices" for tobacco taxation. It documents governments' existing approaches to tobacco taxation, discusses barriers to using tobacco taxes to achieve health and revenue objectives, and provides case studies of effective tobacco tax administration. This manual is intended to be useful to tax administrators at the Ministry of Finance level by making them aware of the practices used and challenges faced by other countries. It will also be useful to officials in a country's Ministry of Health or similar organizations by providing them with a more thorough understanding of key issues in tax structure and administration.
Tobacco Control In Developing Countries
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Author : Prabhat Jha
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2000
Tobacco Control In Developing Countries written by Prabhat Jha and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2000 with Business & Economics categories.
There is no doubt that smoking is damaging global health on an unprecedented scale. However, there is continuing debate on the economics of tobacco control, including the costs and consequences of tobacco control policies. This book aims to fill the analytic gap around this debate. This book brings together a set of critical reviews of the current status of knowledge on tobacco control. While the focus is on the needs of low-income and middle-income countries, the analyses are relevant globally. The book examines tobacco use and its consequences including new analyses of welfare issues in tobacco consumption, poverty and tobacco, and the rationale for government involvement . It provides an evidence-based review of policies to reduce demand including taxation, information, and regulation. It critically reviews supply-side issues such as trade and industry and farming issues, including new analyses on smuggling. It also discusses the impact of tobacco control programs on economies, including issues such as employment, tax revenue and welfare losses. It provides new evidence on the effectivemess and international action, including future research directions. A statistica; annex will contain information on where the reader can find data on tobacco consumption, prices, trade, employment and other items. The book is directed at academic economists and epidemiologists as well as technical staff within governments and international agencies. Students of economics, epidemiology and public policy will find this an excellent comprehensive introduction to economics of tobacco control.
Tobacco Control And Tobacco Farming
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Author : Wardie Leppan
language : en
Publisher: Anthem Press
Release Date : 2014-09-15
Tobacco Control And Tobacco Farming written by Wardie Leppan and has been published by Anthem Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2014-09-15 with Business & Economics categories.
The bulk of the world’s tobacco is produced in low- and middle-income countries. In order to dissuade these countries from implementing policies aimed at curbing tobacco consumption (such as increased taxes, health warnings, advertising bans and smoke-free environments), the tobacco industry claims that tobacco farmers will be negatively affected and that no viable, sustainable alternatives exist. This book, based on original research from three continents, exposes the myths behind these claims.
Domesticating Forests How Farmers Manage Forest Resources
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Author : Geneviève Michon
language : en
Publisher: CIFOR
Release Date : 2005-01-01
Domesticating Forests How Farmers Manage Forest Resources written by Geneviève Michon and has been published by CIFOR this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2005-01-01 with Agroforestry categories.
The Harvest In My Blood
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Author : Human Rights Watch
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2016
The Harvest In My Blood written by Human Rights Watch and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2016 with categories.