Marine Geology And Oceanography Of The Pacific Manganese Nodule Province
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Marine Geology And Oceanography Of The Pacific Manganese Nodule Province
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Author : James L. Bischoff
language : en
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Release Date : 2013-03-08
Marine Geology And Oceanography Of The Pacific Manganese Nodule Province written by James L. Bischoff and has been published by Springer Science & Business Media this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2013-03-08 with Science categories.
Deep-sea manganese nodules, once an obscure scientific curios ity, have, in the brief span of two decades, become a potential mineral resource of major importance. Nodules that cover the sea floor of the tropical North Pacific may represent a vast ore de posit of manganese, nickel, cobalt, and copper. Modern technology has apparently surmounted the incredible problem of recovering nodules in water depths of 5000 meters and the extraction of metals from the complex chemical nodule matrix is a reality. Both the recovery and the extraction appear to be economically feasible. Exploitation of this resource is, however, hindered more by the lack of an international legal structure allowing for recognition of mining sites and exploitation rights, than by any other factor. Often, when a mineral deposit becomes identified as an ex ploitable resource, scientific study burgeons. Interest in the nature and genesis of the deposit increases and much is learned from large scale exploration. The case is self evident for petrol eum and ore deposits on land. The study of manganese nodules is just now entering this phase. What was the esoteric field of a few scientists has become the subject of active exploration and research by most of the industrialized nations. Unfortunately for our general understanding of manganese nodules, exploration results remain largely proprietary. However, scientific study has greatly increased and the results are becoming widely available.
Marine Geology And Oceanography Of The Pacific Manganese Nodule Province
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Author :
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 1979
Marine Geology And Oceanography Of The Pacific Manganese Nodule Province written by and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1979 with categories.
Marine Geology And Oceanography Of The Pacific Manganese Nodule Province
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Author : 3Island Press
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 1979-09-30
Marine Geology And Oceanography Of The Pacific Manganese Nodule Province written by 3Island Press and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1979-09-30 with categories.
The Geochemistry Of Manganese And Manganese Nodules In The Ocean
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Author : G.N. Baturin
language : en
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Release Date : 2012-12-06
The Geochemistry Of Manganese And Manganese Nodules In The Ocean written by G.N. Baturin and has been published by Springer Science & Business Media this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2012-12-06 with Science categories.
Manganese nodules were first discovered on the ocean floor 160 miles south-west of the Canary Islands on February 18, 1803, during the first complex oceano logical cruise of the Challenger. They surprised researchers by their unusual shape and also by their unusual chemical composition; nevertheless for many years after wards, they were considered merely as one of Nature's exotic marine tricks. After the Secpnd World War, a comprehensive investigation of the World Ocean started, and new data were obtained on a wide distribution of manganese nodules and their polymetallic composition, that made scientists consider nodules as one of the major characteristics of the deep oceanic zone. Recently, meaning since the 1960's, nodules have been recognized as a potential ore source, investigation of which is stimulated by the progressive depletion of land-based mineral resources. Several generations of scientists from various countries have contributed to the problem of exploration of manganese nodules on the ocean floor. Though the problem has been posed, it has not been solved yet because it required, in its turn, a scrutiny of some fundamental aspects such as composition, nature, accretion r'ate of nodules and retrieval of nodule fields. These problems have been discussed in thousands of papers and larger publications; see, in particulare, Mero, 1965; Horn, 1972; Morgenstein, 1973; Bezrukov, 1976; Glasby, 1977; Bischoff and Piper, 1979; Lalou, 1979; Manganese nodules, 1979; Varentsov, 1980; Cronan, 1980; Manganese nodules . . . , 1984, 1986.
Analysis Of The World Distribution Of Metal Rich Subsea Manganese Nodules
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Author : Vincent Ellis McKelvey
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 1983
Analysis Of The World Distribution Of Metal Rich Subsea Manganese Nodules written by Vincent Ellis McKelvey and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1983 with Manganese nodules categories.
Geological Survey Circular
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Author :
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 1982
Geological Survey Circular written by and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1982 with Geology categories.
U S Geological Survey Circular
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Author :
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 1933
U S Geological Survey Circular written by and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1933 with categories.
Lithium Anomaly Near Pringle Southern Black Hills South Dakota Possibly Caused By Unexposed Rare Mineral Pegmatite
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Author : James A. Peterson
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 1949
Lithium Anomaly Near Pringle Southern Black Hills South Dakota Possibly Caused By Unexposed Rare Mineral Pegmatite written by James A. Peterson and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1949 with Geology categories.
Deep Ocean Mining Of Manganese Nodules In The North Pacific
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Author : E. Ozturgut
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 1978
Deep Ocean Mining Of Manganese Nodules In The North Pacific written by E. Ozturgut and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1978 with Manganese mines and mining, Submarine categories.
Geology And Offshore Mineral Resources Of The Central Pacific Basin
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Author : Barbara H. Keating
language : en
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Release Date : 2012-12-06
Geology And Offshore Mineral Resources Of The Central Pacific Basin written by Barbara H. Keating and has been published by Springer Science & Business Media this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2012-12-06 with Science categories.
The Earth Science Series of the Circum-Pacific Funding for ship time was made available through Council for Energy and Mineral Resources (CPCEMR) the U. S. Agency for International Development, the is designed to convey the results of geologic research in USGS, the U. S. Office of Naval Research (for RIG's and around the Pacific Basin. Topics of interest include 1982 work), the Australian Development Assistance framework geology, petroleum geology, hard minerals, Bureau, the Australian Bureau of Mineral Resources geothermal energy, environmental geology, volcanology, (BMR) , the New Zealand Ministry of Foreign Affairs, oceanography, tectonics, geophysics, geochemistry, and the New Zealand Department of Scientific and Industrial applications of renewable energy. The CPCEMR sup Research (DSIR), the New Zealand Geological Survey, ports and publishes results of scientific research that will and the New Zealand Oceanographic Institute (NZOI). Coordination of the program was provided by the U. S. advance the knowledge of energy and mineral resource potential in the circum-Pacific region. The Earth Sci Department of State and the South Pacific Applied Geo ence Series is specifically designed to publish papers that science Commission (SOPAC, formerly the United include new data and new maps, report on CPCEMR Nations-sponsored Committee for the Coordination of sponsored symposia and workshops, and describe the Joint Prospecting for Mineral Resources in South Pacific results of onshore and marine geological and geophysical Offshore Areas CCOP/SOPAC) in Fiji. Over 150 scien explorations.