Markov S Theorem And 100 Years Of The Uniqueness Conjecture
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Markov S Theorem And 100 Years Of The Uniqueness Conjecture
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Author : Martin Aigner
language : en
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Release Date : 2013-07-18
Markov S Theorem And 100 Years Of The Uniqueness Conjecture written by Martin Aigner and has been published by Springer Science & Business Media this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2013-07-18 with Mathematics categories.
This book takes the reader on a mathematical journey, from a number-theoretic point of view, to the realm of Markov’s theorem and the uniqueness conjecture, gradually unfolding many beautiful connections until everything falls into place in the proof of Markov’s theorem. What makes the Markov theme so attractive is that it appears in an astounding variety of different fields, from number theory to combinatorics, from classical groups and geometry to the world of graphs and words. On the way, there are also introductory forays into some fascinating topics that do not belong to the standard curriculum, such as Farey fractions, modular and free groups, hyperbolic planes, and algebraic words. The book closes with a discussion of the current state of knowledge about the uniqueness conjecture, which remains an open challenge to this day. All the material should be accessible to upper-level undergraduates with some background in number theory, and anything beyond this level is fully explained in the text. This is not a monograph in the usual sense concentrating on a specific topic. Instead, it narrates in five parts – Numbers, Trees, Groups, Words, Finale – the story of a discovery in one field and its many manifestations in others, as a tribute to a great mathematical achievement and as an intellectual pleasure, contemplating the marvellous unity of all mathematics.
Quadratic Number Fields
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Author : Franz Lemmermeyer
language : en
Publisher: Springer Nature
Release Date : 2021-09-18
Quadratic Number Fields written by Franz Lemmermeyer and has been published by Springer Nature this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2021-09-18 with Mathematics categories.
This undergraduate textbook provides an elegant introduction to the arithmetic of quadratic number fields, including many topics not usually covered in books at this level. Quadratic fields offer an introduction to algebraic number theory and some of its central objects: rings of integers, the unit group, ideals and the ideal class group. This textbook provides solid grounding for further study by placing the subject within the greater context of modern algebraic number theory. Going beyond what is usually covered at this level, the book introduces the notion of modularity in the context of quadratic reciprocity, explores the close links between number theory and geometry via Pell conics, and presents applications to Diophantine equations such as the Fermat and Catalan equations as well as elliptic curves. Throughout, the book contains extensive historical comments, numerous exercises (with solutions), and pointers to further study. Assuming a moderate background in elementary number theory and abstract algebra, Quadratic Number Fields offers an engaging first course in algebraic number theory, suitable for upper undergraduate students.
Integrability Quantization And Geometry I Integrable Systems
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Author : Sergey Novikov
language : en
Publisher: American Mathematical Soc.
Release Date : 2021-04-12
Integrability Quantization And Geometry I Integrable Systems written by Sergey Novikov and has been published by American Mathematical Soc. this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2021-04-12 with Education categories.
This book is a collection of articles written in memory of Boris Dubrovin (1950–2019). The authors express their admiration for his remarkable personality and for the contributions he made to mathematical physics. For many of the authors, Dubrovin was a friend, colleague, inspiring mentor, and teacher. The contributions to this collection of papers are split into two parts: “Integrable Systems” and “Quantum Theories and Algebraic Geometry”, reflecting the areas of main scientific interests of Dubrovin. Chronologically, these interests may be divided into several parts: integrable systems, integrable systems of hydrodynamic type, WDVV equations (Frobenius manifolds), isomonodromy equations (flat connections), and quantum cohomology. The articles included in the first part are more or less directly devoted to these areas (primarily with the first three listed above). The second part contains articles on quantum theories and algebraic geometry and is less directly connected with Dubrovin's early interests.
Farey Sequences
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Author : Andrey O. Matveev
language : en
Publisher: Walter de Gruyter GmbH & Co KG
Release Date : 2017-11-07
Farey Sequences written by Andrey O. Matveev and has been published by Walter de Gruyter GmbH & Co KG this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2017-11-07 with Mathematics categories.
As a first comprehensive overview on Farey sequences and subsequences, this monograph is intended as a reference for anyone looking for specific material or formulas related to the subject. Duality of subsequences and maps between them are discussed and explicit proofs are shown in detail. From the Content Basic structural and enumerative properties of Farey sequences, Collective decision making, Committee methods in pattern recognition, Farey duality, Farey sequence, Fundamental Farey subsequences, Monotone bijections between Farey subsequences
Research Directions In Number Theory
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Author : Alina Bucur
language : en
Publisher: Springer Nature
Release Date :
Research Directions In Number Theory written by Alina Bucur and has been published by Springer Nature this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on with categories.
Computation And Combinatorics In Dynamics Stochastics And Control
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Author : Elena Celledoni
language : en
Publisher: Springer
Release Date : 2019-01-13
Computation And Combinatorics In Dynamics Stochastics And Control written by Elena Celledoni and has been published by Springer this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2019-01-13 with Mathematics categories.
The Abel Symposia volume at hand contains a collection of high-quality articles written by the world’s leading experts, and addressing all mathematicians interested in advances in deterministic and stochastic dynamical systems, numerical analysis, and control theory. In recent years we have witnessed a remarkable convergence between individual mathematical disciplines that approach deterministic and stochastic dynamical systems from mathematical analysis, computational mathematics and control theoretical perspectives. Breakthrough developments in these fields now provide a common mathematical framework for attacking many different problems related to differential geometry, analysis and algorithms for stochastic and deterministic dynamics. In the Abel Symposium 2016, which took place from August 16-19 in Rosendal near Bergen, leading researchers in the fields of deterministic and stochastic differential equations, control theory, numerical analysis, algebra and random processes presented and discussed the current state of the art in these diverse fields. The current Abel Symposia volume may serve as a point of departure for exploring these related but diverse fields of research, as well as an indicator of important current and future developments in modern mathematics.
Geometry Of Continued Fractions
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Author : Oleg N. Karpenkov
language : en
Publisher: Springer Nature
Release Date : 2022-05-28
Geometry Of Continued Fractions written by Oleg N. Karpenkov and has been published by Springer Nature this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2022-05-28 with Mathematics categories.
This book introduces a new geometric vision of continued fractions. It covers several applications to questions related to such areas as Diophantine approximation, algebraic number theory, and toric geometry. The second edition now includes a geometric approach to Gauss Reduction Theory, classification of integer regular polygons and some further new subjects. Traditionally a subject of number theory, continued fractions appear in dynamical systems, algebraic geometry, topology, and even celestial mechanics. The rise of computational geometry has resulted in renewed interest in multidimensional generalizations of continued fractions. Numerous classical theorems have been extended to the multidimensional case, casting light on phenomena in diverse areas of mathematics. The reader will find an overview of current progress in the geometric theory of multidimensional continued fractions accompanied by currently open problems. Whenever possible, we illustrate geometric constructions with figures and examples. Each chapter has exercises useful for undergraduate or graduate courses.
Pattern Recognition On Oriented Matroids
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Author : Andrey O. Matveev
language : en
Publisher: Walter de Gruyter GmbH & Co KG
Release Date : 2017-09-11
Pattern Recognition On Oriented Matroids written by Andrey O. Matveev and has been published by Walter de Gruyter GmbH & Co KG this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2017-09-11 with Mathematics categories.
Pattern Recognition on Oriented Matroids covers a range of innovative problems in combinatorics, poset and graph theories, optimization, and number theory that constitute a far-reaching extension of the arsenal of committee methods in pattern recognition. The groundwork for the modern committee theory was laid in the mid-1960s, when it was shown that the familiar notion of solution to a feasible system of linear inequalities has ingenious analogues which can serve as collective solutions to infeasible systems. A hierarchy of dialects in the language of mathematics, for instance, open cones in the context of linear inequality systems, regions of hyperplane arrangements, and maximal covectors (or topes) of oriented matroids, provides an excellent opportunity to take a fresh look at the infeasible system of homogeneous strict linear inequalities – the standard working model for the contradictory two-class pattern recognition problem in its geometric setting. The universal language of oriented matroid theory considerably simplifies a structural and enumerative analysis of applied aspects of the infeasibility phenomenon. The present book is devoted to several selected topics in the emerging theory of pattern recognition on oriented matroids: the questions of existence and applicability of matroidal generalizations of committee decision rules and related graph-theoretic constructions to oriented matroids with very weak restrictions on their structural properties; a study (in which, in particular, interesting subsequences of the Farey sequence appear naturally) of the hierarchy of the corresponding tope committees; a description of the three-tope committees that are the most attractive approximation to the notion of solution to an infeasible system of linear constraints; an application of convexity in oriented matroids as well as blocker constructions in combinatorial optimization and in poset theory to enumerative problems on tope committees; an attempt to clarify how elementary changes (one-element reorientations) in an oriented matroid affect the family of its tope committees; a discrete Fourier analysis of the important family of critical tope committees through rank and distance relations in the tope poset and the tope graph; the characterization of a key combinatorial role played by the symmetric cycles in hypercube graphs. Contents Oriented Matroids, the Pattern Recognition Problem, and Tope Committees Boolean Intervals Dehn–Sommerville Type Relations Farey Subsequences Blocking Sets of Set Families, and Absolute Blocking Constructions in Posets Committees of Set Families, and Relative Blocking Constructions in Posets Layers of Tope Committees Three-Tope Committees Halfspaces, Convex Sets, and Tope Committees Tope Committees and Reorientations of Oriented Matroids Topes and Critical Committees Critical Committees and Distance Signals Symmetric Cycles in the Hypercube Graphs
Combinatorics On Words
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Author : Robert Mercaş
language : en
Publisher: Springer Nature
Release Date : 2019-09-02
Combinatorics On Words written by Robert Mercaş and has been published by Springer Nature this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2019-09-02 with Mathematics categories.
This book constitutes the refereed proceedings of the 12th International Conference on Combinatorics on Words, WORDS 2019, held in Loughborough, UK, in September 2019. The 21 revised full papers presented in this book together with 5 invited talks were carefully reviewed and selected from 34 submissions. WORDS is the main conference series devoted to the mathematical theory of words. In particular, the combinatorial, algebraic and algorithmic aspects of words are emphasized. Motivations may also come from other domains such as theoretical computer science, bioinformatics, digital geometry, symbolic dynamics, numeration systems, text processing, number theory, etc.
From Christoffel Words To Markoff Numbers
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Author : Christophe Reutenauer
language : en
Publisher: Oxford University Press, USA
Release Date : 2019-01-15
From Christoffel Words To Markoff Numbers written by Christophe Reutenauer and has been published by Oxford University Press, USA this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2019-01-15 with Mathematics categories.
In 1875, Elwin Bruno Christoffel introduced a special class of words on a binary alphabet linked to continued fractions which would go onto be known as Christoffel words. Some years later, Andrey Markoff published his famous theory, the now called Markoff theory. It characterized certain quadratic forms and certain real numbers by extremal inequalities. Both classes are constructed using certain natural numbers known as Markoff numbers and they are characterized by a certain Diophantine equality. More basically, they are constructed using certain words essentially the Christoffel words. The link between Christoffel words and the theory of Markoff was noted by Ferdinand Frobenius in 1913, but has been neglected in recent times. Motivated by this overlooked connection, this book looks to expand on the relationship between these two areas. Part 1 focuses on the classical theory of Markoff, while Part II explores the more advanced and recent results of the theory of Christoffel words.