Massacring Indians
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Massacring Indians
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Author : Roger L. Nichols
language : en
Publisher: University of Oklahoma Press
Release Date : 2021-03-04
Massacring Indians written by Roger L. Nichols and has been published by University of Oklahoma Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2021-03-04 with History categories.
During the nineteenth century, the U.S. military fought numerous battles against American Indians. These so-called Indian wars devastated indigenous populations, and some of the conflicts stand out today as massacres, as they involved violent attacks on often defenseless Native communities, including women and children. Although historians have written full-length studies about each of these episodes, Massacring Indians is the first to present them as part of a larger pattern of aggression, perpetuated by heartless or inept military commanders. In clear and accessible prose, veteran historian Roger L. Nichols examines ten significant massacres committed by U.S. Army units against American Indians. The battles range geographically from Alabama to Montana and include such well-known atrocities as Sand Creek, Washita, and Wounded Knee. Nichols explores the unique circumstances of each event, including its local context. At the same time, looking beyond the confusion and bloodshed of warfare, he identifies elements common to all the massacres. Unforgettable details emerge in the course of his account: inadequate training of U.S. soldiers, overeagerness to punish Indians, an inflated desire for glory among individual officers, and even careless mistakes resulting in attacks on the wrong village or band. As the author chronicles the collective tragedy of the massacres, he highlights the roles of well-known frontier commanders, ranging from Andrew Jackson to John Chivington and George Armstrong Custer. In many cases, Nichols explains, it was lower-ranking officers who bore the responsibility and blame for the massacres, even though orders came from the higher-ups. During the nineteenth century and for years thereafter, white settlers repeatedly used the term “massacre” to describe Indian raids, rather than the reverse. They lacked the understanding to differentiate such raids—Indians defending their homeland against invasion—from the aggressive decimation of peaceful Indian villages by U.S. troops. Even today it may be tempting for some to view the massacres as exceptions to the norm. By offering a broader synthesis of the attacks, Massacring Indians uncovers a more disturbing truth: that slaughtering innocent people was routine practice for U.S. troops and their leaders.
Massacres Of The Mountains A History Of The Indian Wars Of The Far West
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Author : j.p. dunn
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 1886
Massacres Of The Mountains A History Of The Indian Wars Of The Far West written by j.p. dunn and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1886 with categories.
Indian Horrors Or Massacres By The Red Men
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Author : Henry Davenport Northrop
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 1891
Indian Horrors Or Massacres By The Red Men written by Henry Davenport Northrop and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1891 with Indians of North America categories.
Indian Massacre In Minnesota
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Author : Charles S. Bryant
language : en
Publisher: Digital Scanning Inc
Release Date : 2001-09
Indian Massacre In Minnesota written by Charles S. Bryant and has been published by Digital Scanning Inc this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2001-09 with History categories.
Indian Massacre in Minnesota was written over 100 years ago by a man whose job was to process claims for property damaged by Sioux raiders after they went on the warpath, killing pioneer families and taking many of those who survived into captivity. The book begins by giving a brief account of the Sioux and the harsh treatment by our government.
A Personal Narrative Of Indian Massacres 1862
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Author : Lavinia Day Eastlick
language : en
Publisher: Pickle Partners Publishing
Release Date : 2017-01-12
A Personal Narrative Of Indian Massacres 1862 written by Lavinia Day Eastlick and has been published by Pickle Partners Publishing this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2017-01-12 with Biography & Autobiography categories.
This is a fascinating, detailed firsthand eyewitness account of the Sioux Indian massacre at Lake Shetek in Minnesota that took place on August 20, 1862 by one of its survivors, Mrs. Lavinia Eastlick. “In presenting this pamphlet to the public, I have given merely a plain, unvarnished statement of all the facts that came under my own observation, during the dreadful massacre of the settlers of Minnesota. Mine only was a single case among hundreds of similar instances. It is only from explicit and minute accounts from the pen of the sufferers themselves, that people living at this distance from the scene of those atrocities can arrive at any just and adequate conception of the fiendishness of the Indian character, or the extremities of pain, terror and distress endured by the victims. It can hardly be decided which were least unfortunate, those who met an immediate death at the hands of the savages, or the survivors who, after enduring tortures worse than death, from hunger, fear, fatigue, and wounds, at last escaped barely with life.”—Mrs. L. Eastlick This book also includes photos, affidavits, and other material that were compiled by Mr. Ross A. Irish, Mrs. Eastlick nephew.
Indian Horrors
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Author : Henry Davenport Northrop
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 1891
Indian Horrors written by Henry Davenport Northrop and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1891 with Indians of North America categories.
Massacres Of The Mountains Volume 2 Of 2
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Author : J. P. Dunn
language : en
Publisher: Digital Scanning Inc
Release Date : 2001-09-01
Massacres Of The Mountains Volume 2 Of 2 written by J. P. Dunn and has been published by Digital Scanning Inc this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2001-09-01 with History categories.
J.P. Dunn wrote Massacres of the Mountains in an attempt to separate historical fact from sensational fiction and to verify the problems that plagued the Indian tribes in this country for years. He doesn't assign blame, but lets it fall where it belongs by meticulous research and the accurate, unbiased depiction of the true causes and subsequent results of some of the most famous Indian conflicts. Each chapter includes a list of authorities as well as original source documents and evidence relating to the subject. Volume 1 ISBN is 9781582182032
The Wounded Knee Massacre And The Sand Creek Massacre
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Author : Charles River Editors
language : en
Publisher: Createspace Independent Publishing Platform
Release Date : 2017-11-17
The Wounded Knee Massacre And The Sand Creek Massacre written by Charles River Editors and has been published by Createspace Independent Publishing Platform this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2017-11-17 with categories.
*Includes pictures *Includes accounts of the massacres by survivors and soldiers *Includes bibliographies for further reading *Includes a table of contents On the morning of November 29, 1864, Colonel John Chivington led 700 militiamen in a surprise attack against Cheyenne leader Black Kettle's camp at Sand Creek. Chivington was a fire and brimstone Methodist minister who had publicly advocated indiscriminately killing Native American children because "nits makes lice." Warning his men ahead of battle, Chivington stated, "Damn any man who sympathizes with Indians! I have come to kill Indians and believe it is right and honorable to use any means under God's heaven to kill Indians!" According to Cheyenne oral tradition and several surviving soldiers' accounts, as soon as Black Kettle saw Chivington's men coming, he raised an American flag on a pole and waved it back and forth calling out that his Wutapai band was not resisting. Ignoring his cries for mercy, the soldiers commenced firing, cutting down an estimated 70-200 Cheyenne, about two-thirds of whom were women and children. The Cheyenne claimed that soldiers shot babies in the head at point-blank range, raped Cheyenne women, and scalped dead warriors. The following morning, Army Lieutenant James Connor, who had refused to follow Chivington's orders, visited the scene of the massacre and reported, "In going over the battleground the next day I did not see a body of man, woman, or child but was scalped, and in many instances their bodies were mutilated in the most horrible manner - men, women, and children's privates cut out . . . I heard one man say he cut out a woman's private parts and had them for exhibition on a stick . . . I also heard of numerous instances in which men had cut out the private parts of females and stretched them over saddle-bows and wore them over their hats while riding in the ranks." Among all the events in the strained relations between the U.S. government and Native Americans during the 19th century, the most notorious and defining one was what is today called the Wounded Knee Massacre. Technically, it was the last armed engagement between Sioux warriors and the U.S. military, and it marked the end of effective resistance by any Sioux bands, but what actually occurred is far more controversial. In late December 1890, a group of roughly 350 Lakota Sioux led by Big Foot and Spotted Elk were escorted to the Wounded Knee Creek area and ordered to establish a camp there, but fearing another possible uprising despite the fact the band was comprised mostly of women, about 500 U.S. Army troops from the 7th Cavalry Regiment, led by Major Samuel M. Whitside, approached the Lakota encampment on the morning of December 29 with orders to disarm and escort the Native Americans to a railhead for transport to Omaha, Nebraska. Some of the men in the 7th Cavalry had also been part of the 7th Cavalry at Little Bighorn, so there could not have been a worse command to send on a mission that required interacting with the Lakota. As the troopers entered the encampment, a shot rang out. It is unclear who fired, but regardless, the single shot triggered a fusillade from the Army troops. One of the Army soldiers, Captain Edward Godfrey, explained, "I know the men did not aim deliberately and they were greatly excited. I don't believe they saw their sights. They fired rapidly but it seemed to me only a few seconds till there was not a living thing before us; warriors, squaws, children, ponies, and dogs ... went down before that unaimed fire." The resulting assault would eventually kill most of the Native Americans, including both Big Foot and Spotted Elk. Approximately 30 U.S. Army soldiers were killed and about 40 were wounded, nearly all struck by friendly fire in the chaotic, close-quarters shooting. Of the Native American dead, most were killed outright, but the wounded were left on the frozen ground to perish during the frigid night.
A History Of The Great Massacre By The Sioux Indians In Minnesota Including The Personal Narratives Of Many Who Escaped
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Author : Charles S. Bryant
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 1864
A History Of The Great Massacre By The Sioux Indians In Minnesota Including The Personal Narratives Of Many Who Escaped written by Charles S. Bryant and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1864 with Dakota Indians categories.
Our Bones Are Scattered
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Author : Andrew Ward
language : en
Publisher: Henry Holt and Company
Release Date : 1996-04-15
Our Bones Are Scattered written by Andrew Ward and has been published by Henry Holt and Company this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1996-04-15 with History categories.
A recreation of a dramatic turning point in colonial history follows the Indian Mutinies of the 1850s through the stories of garrison commander Hugh Massey Wheeler, the forty-day Hindu king Nana Sahib, and revolt leader Azimullah.