Measurement And Statistics On Science And Technology
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Measurement And Statistics On Science And Technology
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Author : Benoit Godin
language : en
Publisher: Psychology Press
Release Date : 2005
Measurement And Statistics On Science And Technology written by Benoit Godin and has been published by Psychology Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2005 with Research categories.
This book provides an historical examination of official science and technology statistics and indicators in Western countries.
Measurement And Statistics On Science And Technology
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Author : Benoît Godin
language : en
Publisher: Routledge
Release Date : 2004-08-02
Measurement And Statistics On Science And Technology written by Benoît Godin and has been published by Routledge this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2004-08-02 with History categories.
With the rise of genomics, the life sciences have entered a new era. Maps of genomes have become the icons for a comprehensive knowledge of the organism on a previously unattained level of complexity. This book provides an in-depth history of mapping procedures as they were developed in classical genetics. The book shows that the technology of genetic mapping is by no means a recent acquisition of molecular genetics or even genetic engineering. It demonstrates that the development of mapping technologies has accompanied the rise of modern genetics from its very beginnings. In the first section, Mendelian genetics is set in perspective from the viewpoint of the detection and description of linkage phenomena. The second section addresses the role of mapping for the experimental working practice of classical geneticists, their social interactions, and for their laboratory "life worlds." With its detailed analyses of the scientific practices and its illustration of the diversity of mapping, this book is a significant contribution to the history of genetics. A companion volume from the same editors - From Molecular Genetics to Genomics: The mapping cultures of twentieth-cent genetics - covers the history of molecular genetics and genomics.
Measuring Science Technology And Innovation
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Author : Bronwyn H. Hall
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2018
Measuring Science Technology And Innovation written by Bronwyn H. Hall and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2018 with BUSINESS & ECONOMICS categories.
The measurement of scientific, technological, and innovative activities (STI) in the economy is an increasing challenge faced by statistical agencies around the world. Measuring Science, Technology, and Innovation: A Review surveys the current state of the art including the concept of indicators, their quality and use, and a schematic model of the STI system that can identify gaps in the set of indicators commonly in use. The authors review the developments in STI measurement that have taken place in the rest of the world, particularly the widespread use of innovation surveys. The monograph concludes with a discussion of the measurement gaps and issues in the U.S., which we identify as innovation (especially in the service sector), non-R&D investment related to innovation, data timeliness, data linkages, measurement related to public policy goals, and the sources of capital for innovation.After an introduction, Section 2 summarizes the framework for analysis of the STI system that is most widely used by economists. Section 3 considers how the specific data currently collected by the U.S. government, and indicators constructed from those data, relate to the important concepts within the framework. Section 4 expands this discussion by reviewing data collected and indicators published by other countries and international organizations. Section 5 then turns to the issues of policy, and draws explicit connections between important policy questions and indicators, using the framework of Section 2. Section 6 builds on these discussions to highlight gaps and issues with the existing indicators, and Section 7 provides concluding comments.
Measurement Uncertainties In Science And Technology
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Author : Michael Grabe
language : en
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Release Date : 2005-03-10
Measurement Uncertainties In Science And Technology written by Michael Grabe and has been published by Springer Science & Business Media this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2005-03-10 with Science categories.
In this book, Grabe illustrates the breakdown of traditional error calculus in the face of modern measurement techniques. Revising Gauß` error calculus ab initio, he treats random and unknown systematic errors on an equal footing from the outset. Furthermore, Grabe also proposes what may be called well defined measuring conditions, a prerequisite for defining confidence intervals that are consistent with basic statistical concepts. The resulting measurement uncertainties are as robust and reliable as required by modern-day science, engineering and technology.
The Measurement Of Scientific And Technological Activities The Measurement Of Scientific And Technical Activities Standard Practice For Surveys Of Research And Experimental Development Frascati Manual 1993
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Author : OECD
language : en
Publisher: OECD Publishing
Release Date : 1994-09-01
The Measurement Of Scientific And Technological Activities The Measurement Of Scientific And Technical Activities Standard Practice For Surveys Of Research And Experimental Development Frascati Manual 1993 written by OECD and has been published by OECD Publishing this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1994-09-01 with categories.
The Frascati Manual is the basic international source of methodology for collecting and using research and development statistics. This new, fifth edition reflects recent changes in the structure of national science and technology systems and revisions in standard international classifications.
The Measurement Of Scientific And Technological Activities Frascati Manual 2002 Proposed Standard Practice For Surveys On Research And Experimental Development
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Author : OECD
language : en
Publisher: OECD Publishing
Release Date : 2002-12-11
The Measurement Of Scientific And Technological Activities Frascati Manual 2002 Proposed Standard Practice For Surveys On Research And Experimental Development written by OECD and has been published by OECD Publishing this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2002-12-11 with categories.
The internationally recognized methodology for collecting and using R&D statistics, the Frascati Manual is an essential tool for statisticians worldwide. It includes definitions of basic concepts, data collection guidelines, and classifications for ...
Uncertainty Calibration And Probability
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Author : C.F Dietrich
language : en
Publisher: Routledge
Release Date : 2017-07-12
Uncertainty Calibration And Probability written by C.F Dietrich and has been published by Routledge this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2017-07-12 with Science categories.
All measurements are subject to error because no quantity can be known exactly; hence, any measurement has a probability of lying within a certain range. The more precise the measurement, the smaller the range of uncertainty. Uncertainty, Calibration and Probability is a comprehensive treatment of the statistics and methods of estimating these calibration uncertainties. The book features the general theory of uncertainty involving the combination (convolution) of non-Gaussian, student t, and Gaussian distributions; the use of rectangular distributions to represent systematic uncertainties; and measurable and nonmeasurable uncertainties that require estimation. The author also discusses sources of measurement errors and curve fitting with numerous examples of uncertainty case studies. Many useful tables and computational formulae are included as well. All formulations are discussed and demonstrated with the minimum of mathematical knowledge assumed. This second edition offers additional examples in each chapter, and detailed additions and alterations made to the text. New chapters consist of the general theory of uncertainty and applications to industry and a new section discusses the use of orthogonal polynomials in curve fitting. Focusing on practical problems of measurement, Uncertainty, Calibration and Probability is an invaluable reference tool for R&D laboratories in the engineering/manufacturing industries and for undergraduate and graduate students in physics, engineering, and metrology.
Handbook Of Innovation Indicators And Measurement
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Author : Fred Gault
language : en
Publisher: Edward Elgar Publishing
Release Date : 2013-01-01
Handbook Of Innovation Indicators And Measurement written by Fred Gault and has been published by Edward Elgar Publishing this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2013-01-01 with Technology & Engineering categories.
'A great book to understand and foster innovation at all levels: a truly innovative piece of work.' Enrico Giovannini, Minister of Labour and Social Policies, Italy 'This book brings together original contributions from world leading experts on innovation indicators and is unique in several respects. First, the focus is upon innovation in terms of commercialized products and processes and not on secondary indicators of research or patenting. Second, it combines academic perspectives with user perspectives from industry and international organizations. Third, it strikes a good balance between old and new indicators, opening up new dimensions of innovation for measuring. It is a book worth reading for scholars studying innovation, for policy makers and, not least, for innovation managers in the private sector.' Bengt-Åke Lundvall, Aalborg University, Denmark and Sciences-Po, Paris, France This Handbook comprehensively examines indicators and statistical measurement related to innovation (as defined in the OECD/Eurostat Oslo Manual). It deals with the development and the use of innovation indicators to support decision-making and is written by authors who are practitioners, who know what works and what does not, in order to improve the development of indicators to satisfy future policy needs. This unique volume presents: the historical and geographical context for innovation indicators and measurement practical examples of how measurement is actually undertaken new areas of innovation indicators and measurement, including consumer innovation, public sector innovation and social innovation. This informative Handbook will appeal to policy makers in government departments, statistical offices and research institutes and international organizations such as the EU, OECD and the UN, as well as university departments of economics, sociology, law, science and technology, and public policy.
The Measurement Of Scientific Technological And Innovation Activities Frascati Manual 2015 Guidelines For Collecting And Reporting Data On Research And Experimental Development
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Author : OECD
language : en
Publisher: OECD Publishing
Release Date : 2015-10-08
The Measurement Of Scientific Technological And Innovation Activities Frascati Manual 2015 Guidelines For Collecting And Reporting Data On Research And Experimental Development written by OECD and has been published by OECD Publishing this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2015-10-08 with categories.
The internationally recognised methodology for collecting and using R&D statistics, the OECD's Frascati Manual is an essential tool for statisticians and science and innovation policy makers worldwide. It includes definitions of basic concepts, data collection guidelines, and classifications ...
The Measurement Of Scientific And Technological Activities Proposed Guidelines For Collecting And Interpreting Technological Innovation Data Oslo Manual
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Author : OECD
language : en
Publisher: OECD Publishing
Release Date : 1997-04-03
The Measurement Of Scientific And Technological Activities Proposed Guidelines For Collecting And Interpreting Technological Innovation Data Oslo Manual written by OECD and has been published by OECD Publishing this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1997-04-03 with categories.
The Oslo Manual is the foremost international source of guidelines for the collection and use of data on innovation activities in industry.