Measuring Evolution
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Measuring Evolution
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Author : David Loye
language : en
Publisher: David Loye
Release Date : 2006-12
Measuring Evolution written by David Loye and has been published by David Loye this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2006-12 with Business & Economics categories.
Second in a series of six new books for a Darwin Anniversary Book Cycle, Measuring Evolution: A User's Guide to the Health and Wealth of Nations tells the inspiring story of the development, and provides a guide to the use, of the Global Sounding. This is a new instrument for measuring our local, national, and planetary health and well-being on 15 basic indicators of evolution. Of widespread prospective interest is the fact that, for the first time, this new measure bridges what both progressive scientists and progressive religious leaders increasingly view as a socially, economically, politically, and morally disastrous gap between science and spirituality. With hundreds of studies of evolution by natural, social and systems scientists behind it, the Global Sounding has been designed to provide a relatively simple new way of measuring the impact of our human actions, or inactions, on the range from cosmic, chemical, and biological evolution, through the evolution of the brain, into the spread of cultural evolution through personal, social, economic, political, educational, and technological into moral and spiritual evolution, capped by the evolution of consciousness and personal and social action to change our world for the better. The name for the new measure comes from Darwin's famous voyage of the Beagle-the ship originally commissioned to circle the world to obtain soundings indicating peaceful harbors and safe channels for navigation. The book is animated by colorful, engaging, and often humorous stories to illustrate how the new measure can be put to use by progressives during the customary behind-scenes battles with advocates for the status quo or regressives in key decision-making situations that determine whether we move ahead, are checked in place, or shoved backward in evolution. Along with illustrative test matrixes for each of the following situations, the Global Sounding has been designed to advance the successful advocation of and motivation for globally-responsible programs, practices, and policies by decision-makers in business, government, politics, science, education, foundations, religions, and the media. The author, David Loye, is an internationally known evolutionary systems scientist and author of the award-winning The Healing of a Nation. Titles for further books in the new series are Darwin's Lost Theory, Darwin on Love, The Derailing of Evolution, and Telling the New Story, first for a series of books by leading world educators on how to globally shift from the old to the new Darwinian model in schools and the media. In addition to more information on the Darwin Anniversary Book Cycle, the website for the publisher, www.benjaminfranklinpress.com, provides a marketing analysis of prospective appeal to readers in editions for other languages in Europe, Asia, and South as well as North America. The publisher has also launched an online Darwin Anniversary Report (www.darwinanniversary.com) to provide a central news source for scores of events now underway around the world during the current global buildup for the 200th Anniversary of Darwin's birth.
Measuring Selection In Natural Populations
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Author : Freddy Christiansen
language : en
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Release Date : 2012-12-06
Measuring Selection In Natural Populations written by Freddy Christiansen and has been published by Springer Science & Business Media this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2012-12-06 with Medical categories.
Measuring The Evolution Controversy
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Author : Avelina Espinosa
language : en
Publisher: Cambridge Scholars Publishing
Release Date : 2016-05-11
Measuring The Evolution Controversy written by Avelina Espinosa and has been published by Cambridge Scholars Publishing this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2016-05-11 with Science categories.
The reality of evolution is indisputable and, based on current scientific evidence, all people in the world should accept it as fact. Yet, only 41% of adults worldwide embrace evolution, and they do it under the premise that a deity created humans. One in every three people is a strict creationist who believes in religious scriptures concerning the origin of our universe and of humans, and explicitly rejects that Homo sapiens is an ape when, in fact, science informs us that humans’ closest relatives are chimpanzees, bonobos, gorillas and orangutans. Indeed, we are all apes. Why do people not accept evolution? In Measuring the Evolution Controversy, Guillermo Paz-y-Miño-C and Avelina Espinosa postulate that the debate over evolution-and-science versus creationism is inherent in the incompatibility between scientific rationalism/empiricism and the belief in supernatural causation (religion and faith). Belief disrupts, distorts, delays or stops the comprehension and acceptance of scientific evidence. The authors refer to this proposal as the incompatibility hypothesis (IH), the conceptual foundation of this book. Paz-y-Miño-C and Espinosa explain that the evolution controversy is not only measurable descriptively, but also testable as in an ordinary field of science. To accomplish this, they examine three predictions of IH. First, chronological-conflict-and-accommodation (i.e. the historical re-emergence of antagonism between evolution and religion when advances in science continue to threaten the belief in supernatural causation; in such situations, creationists’ rejection of and subsequent partial acceptance of the new scientific discoveries are expected). Second, change in evolution’s acceptance as function of educational attainment (i.e. the positive association between acceptance of evolution and level of education). Third, change in evolution’s acceptance as function of religiosity (i.e. the negative association between acceptance of evolution and level of religious beliefs). By relying on an ample assessment of the attitudes towards evolution by highly educated audiences (i.e. research faculty, educators of prospective teachers, and college students in the United States) the authors characterise their understanding of science and evolution, personal religious convictions, and political ideology. The authors make recommendations for improving science and evolution literacy, as well as evolution’s acceptance, and conclude by forecasting a probable global socio-cultural landscape in which acceptance of science and evolution will take place.
Measuring The Evolution Controversy
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Author : Guillermo Paz-y-Miño-C
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2016
Measuring The Evolution Controversy written by Guillermo Paz-y-Miño-C and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2016 with categories.
Measuring Biological Diversity
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Author : Anne E. Magurran
language : en
Publisher: John Wiley & Sons
Release Date : 2013-04-18
Measuring Biological Diversity written by Anne E. Magurran and has been published by John Wiley & Sons this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2013-04-18 with Science categories.
This accessible and timely book provides a comprehensive overview of how to measure biodiversity. The book highlights new developments, including innovative approaches to measuring taxonomic distinctness and estimating species richness, and evaluates these alongside traditional methods such as species abundance distributions, and diversity and evenness statistics. Helps the reader quantify and interpret patterns of ecological diversity, focusing on the measurement and estimation of species richness and abundance. Explores the concept of ecological diversity, bringing new perspectives to a field beset by contradictory views and advice. Discussion spans issues such as the meaning of community in the context of ecological diversity, scales of diversity and distribution of diversity among taxa Highlights advances in measurement paying particular attention to new techniques such as species richness estimation, application of measures of diversity to conservation and environmental management and addressing sampling issues Includes worked examples of key methods in helping people to understand the techniques and use available computer packages more effectively
Foundations Of Social Evolution
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Author : Steven A. Frank
language : en
Publisher: Princeton University Press
Release Date : 2019-12-31
Foundations Of Social Evolution written by Steven A. Frank and has been published by Princeton University Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2019-12-31 with Science categories.
This is a masterly theoretical treatment of one of the central problems in evolutionary biology, the evolution of social cooperation and conflict. Steven Frank tackles the problem with a highly original combination of approaches: game theory, classical models of natural selection, quantitative genetics, and kin selection. He unites these with the best of economic thought: a clear theory of model formation and comparative statics, the development of simple methods for analyzing complex problems, and notions of information and rationality. Using this unique, multidisciplinary approach, Frank makes major advances in understanding the foundations of social evolution. Frank begins by developing the three measures of value used in biology--marginal value, reproductive value, and kin selection. He then combines these measures into a coherent framework, providing the first unified analysis of social evolution in its full ecological and demographic context. Frank also extends the theory of kin selection by showing that relatedness has two distinct meanings. The first is a measure of information about social partners, with close affinity to theories of correlated equilibrium and Bayesian rationality in economic game theory. The second is a measure of the fidelity by which characters are transmitted to future generations--an extended notion of heritability. Throughout, Frank illustrates his methods with many examples, including a complete reformulation of the theory of sex allocation. The book also provides a unique "how-to" guide for constructing models of social behavior. It is essential reading for evolutionary biologists and for economists, mathematicians, and others interested in natural selection.
Evolution And Selection Of Quantitative Traits
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Author : Bruce Walsh
language : en
Publisher: Oxford University Press
Release Date : 2018-06-21
Evolution And Selection Of Quantitative Traits written by Bruce Walsh and has been published by Oxford University Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2018-06-21 with Science categories.
Quantitative traits-be they morphological or physiological characters, aspects of behavior, or genome-level features such as the amount of RNA or protein expression for a specific gene-usually show considerable variation within and among populations. Quantitative genetics, also referred to as the genetics of complex traits, is the study of such characters and is based on mathematical models of evolution in which many genes influence the trait and in which non-genetic factors may also be important. Evolution and Selection of Quantitative Traits presents a holistic treatment of the subject, showing the interplay between theory and data with extensive discussions on statistical issues relating to the estimation of the biologically relevant parameters for these models. Quantitative genetics is viewed as the bridge between complex mathematical models of trait evolution and real-world data, and the authors have clearly framed their treatment as such. This is the second volume in a planned trilogy that summarizes the modern field of quantitative genetics, informed by empirical observations from wide-ranging fields (agriculture, evolution, ecology, and human biology) as well as population genetics, statistical theory, mathematical modeling, genetics, and genomics. Whilst volume 1 (1998) dealt with the genetics of such traits, the main focus of volume 2 is on their evolution, with a special emphasis on detecting selection (ranging from the use of genomic and historical data through to ecological field data) and examining its consequences.
Pillars Of Evolution
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Author : Douglas W. Morris
language : en
Publisher: OUP Oxford
Release Date : 2011-07-14
Pillars Of Evolution written by Douglas W. Morris and has been published by OUP Oxford this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2011-07-14 with Science categories.
Pillars of Evolution provides a fresh and provocative perspective on adaptive evolution. Readers new to the study of evolution will find a refreshing new insight that establishes evolutionary biology as a rigorous and predictive science, whilst practicing biologists will discover a provocative book that challenges traditional approaches. The book begins by leading readers through the mechanics of heredity, reproduction, movement, survival, and development. With that framework in place, it then explores the numerous ways that traits emerge from the interactions between genetics, development, and the environment. The key message is that adaptive changes in traits (and their underlying allelic frequencies) evolve through the traits' functions and their connection with fitness. The complex mappings from genes-to-traits-to-fitness are characterized in the structure of evolution. A single "structure matrix" describes why individuals vary in the values of adaptive traits, their ability to perform the function of those traits, and in the fitness they accrue. Fitness depends on how organisms interact with and perceive their environment in time and space. These relationships are made explicit in spatial, temporal, and organizational scale that also sets the stage for the crucially important role that ecology always plays in evolution. The ecological hallmarks of density- and frequency-dependent interactions allow the authors to explore new and exciting insights into evolution's dynamics. The theories and principles are then brought together in a final synthesis on adaptation. The book's unique approach unites genetic, development, and environmental influences into a single comprehensive treatment of the eco-evolutionary process.
The Evolution Of Standards
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Author : Volker Simmering
language : en
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Release Date : 2013-04-17
The Evolution Of Standards written by Volker Simmering and has been published by Springer Science & Business Media this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2013-04-17 with Business & Economics categories.
Volker Simmering shows how globalization influences the evolution of international standards and compares the roles of mandatory and voluntary standards. He investigates the problem of technological progress in networks and analyzes the resolution of conflicts within international standardization bodies. As a result, he suggests that policy intervention and the presence of adjacent institutional arrangements are likely to improve the performance of network markets, e.g. those for information technology and telecommunication.
Evolution And Human Origins
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Author : Bobby Joe Williams
language : en
Publisher: HarperCollins Publishers
Release Date : 1979
Evolution And Human Origins written by Bobby Joe Williams and has been published by HarperCollins Publishers this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1979 with Science categories.
Explains the various methods of measuring quantity and distance and describes the development of these standards from prehistoric times to the present day.