Measuring The Efficiency Of Resource Use In Indian Manufacturing Industries In Pre And Post Reform Periods
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Measuring The Efficiency Of Resource Use In Indian Manufacturing Industries In Pre And Post Reform Periods
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Author : Meenu Saihjpal
language : en
Publisher: Anchor Academic Publishing
Release Date : 2016-03-09
Measuring The Efficiency Of Resource Use In Indian Manufacturing Industries In Pre And Post Reform Periods written by Meenu Saihjpal and has been published by Anchor Academic Publishing this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2016-03-09 with Business & Economics categories.
Economists have come to believe that using resources efficiently can lead to differences in the growth rates of economies. Efficient use of resources is known to improve the standard of living of the people thereby increasing their welfare. However, initially ‘capital’ and later on ‘labour’ attracted the attention of the economists. The need for the efficient use of resources was only recognized as an important determinant in the growth of economies in the fifties. Economists believe that the developing countries in particular need to concentrate on improving the efficiency of their use of resources, since these economies have an increasing number of people to feed and proportionally little resources at their disposal. Whenever there is talk of efficiency regarding the use of resources it means that all the resources that are used in the process of production should be used efficiently. These resources are: capital, labour, raw materials, power, fuel and the skills of the entrepreneur. Efficiency is reflected in the unit or average cost of production and in the quality of goods. Before the introduction of the reforms, the Indian industrial sector was characterized by numerous controls, which restricted internal as well as external competition. However, after the reforms such controls were loosened and it is now simply expected that the Indian industrial sector uses its resources efficiently. The present study examines whether there have been significant reductions in the components of the average variable cost in the post-reform period as compared to the pre-reform period. Furthermore, it analyses whether there has been any noticeable increase in advertising expenditure of the firms in the post-reform period.
Productivity In Indian Manufacturing
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Author : Vinish Kathuria
language : en
Publisher: Routledge
Release Date : 2014-09-25
Productivity In Indian Manufacturing written by Vinish Kathuria and has been published by Routledge this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2014-09-25 with Business & Economics categories.
This volume comprehensively captures trends in productivity and its determinants in the post-reform period for Indian manufacturing. It provides an up-to-date survey of different methods employed in measuring productivity and their applications across organized and unorganized sectors, including food, beverages, furniture, gems, chemicals, petroleum and rubber, metals and minerals, paper products, publishing, textiles, etc. The essays examine the uneven impact of economic reforms and growth on the performance of the manufacturing sector. This will be especially useful to students and scholars of economics, business and management, policymakers and governmental agencies, particularly those interested in Indian economy and manufacturing.
Indian Manufacturing Sector In Post Reform Period
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Author : Sumit Kumar Maji
language : en
Publisher: Springer Nature
Release Date : 2022-07-01
Indian Manufacturing Sector In Post Reform Period written by Sumit Kumar Maji and has been published by Springer Nature this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2022-07-01 with Business & Economics categories.
The book outlines the importance of Indian manufacturing sector and its growth under alternative policy regimes. The authors highlight the significance of various firm-specific and macroeconomic factors on the level of efficiency and profitability of the firms operating in the diverse manufacturing sector during the post-liberalization era. The book also examines the dynamic relationship between the select manufacturing sector-specific stock market indices and the various macroeconomic variables.
Liberalization Productivity And Competition
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Author : Vivek Srivastava
language : en
Publisher: Oxford University Press, USA
Release Date : 1996
Liberalization Productivity And Competition written by Vivek Srivastava and has been published by Oxford University Press, USA this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1996 with Business & Economics categories.
The empirical evidence linking economic reform in developing countries with gains in productivity and efficiency is both limited and inconclusive. Using large firm-level data collected by the Reserve Bank of India, this book examines the impact of reform on productivity and competition for the Indian manufacturing sector in the eighties. Relying on econometric estimates of pre- and post-reform productivity growth, the study finds evidence of significantly higher productivity growth rates after the mid-eighties both at the aggregate and two-digit sector levels. The author seeks corroborating evidence by developing a framework that enables him to simultaneously estimate economies of scale, a measure of optimal labour utilization and the mark-up of price over marginal cost as an indicator of competitiveness. Though he finds evidence of better labour utilization, there is no indication of reduced market power or any significant departure from constant returns to scale in the post-reform period. He concludes that even the limited reforms of the eighties led to productivity gains which were achieved largely through better resource use.
Trends Of Productivity In Indian Manufacturing Industry
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Author : Prerna Sanwlani
language : en
Publisher: LAP Lambert Academic Publishing
Release Date : 2012-06
Trends Of Productivity In Indian Manufacturing Industry written by Prerna Sanwlani and has been published by LAP Lambert Academic Publishing this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2012-06 with categories.
Starting in the late 1970s, the Indian authorities implemented a series of reforms aimed at exposing the economy to greater competition and at liberalizing key aspects of economic activity. This paper compares productivity trends in Indian Manufacturing sector, pre and post reforms years. Using the data from Annual Survey of Industries, the entire study period (1973-74 to 2004-05) is divided into two sub-periods: pre-reform period, i.e. 1973-74 to 1990-91, and post-reform period, i.e. 1991-92 to 2004-05. Using the Malmquist Productivity Index to measure Total factor Productivity growth in Indian Manufacturing, the results show that liberalization has had a negative impact on the productivity of the Indian Manufacturing sector at aggregate as well as disaggregate level.
Growth Efficiency Productivity Of Indian Manufacturing Industries
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Author : Paramita Roy Biswas
language : en
Publisher: LAP Lambert Academic Publishing
Release Date : 2012-06
Growth Efficiency Productivity Of Indian Manufacturing Industries written by Paramita Roy Biswas and has been published by LAP Lambert Academic Publishing this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2012-06 with categories.
Considering disaggregated data on Indian manufacturing at two- & three-digit levels, provided by Annual Survey of Industries during 1970-71 to 2001-02, a performance related overview is constructed to observe whether the feat of Indian industries has generated sufficient growth potential in terms of industrial output. A dummy-variable approach is adopted here. The study also focuses on the effects of trade-liberalization policies on output growth process by estimating break points & examining its occurrence & persistence level in pre- or post-liberalization era by employing unit-root hypothesis. For analyzing cost-competitiveness of an industry, measurement of technical efficiency is done by employing Stochastic Frontier Production function approach & extent of total factor productivity growth is examined by non-parametric approach of Data Envelopment Analysis. Inter-industrial variation is observed regarding the explanatory factors responsible for movements of technical efficiency & total factor productivity growth of different industries. The policy prescriptions should focus on the specific broad objectives: whether to endorse efficiency or productivity of a particular industry.
Economic Reforms And Total Factor Productivity Growth Of Indian Manufacturing
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Author : Arnab K. Deb
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2013
Economic Reforms And Total Factor Productivity Growth Of Indian Manufacturing written by Arnab K. Deb and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2013 with categories.
Productivity And Technical Change In Indian Manufacturing Sector
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Author : Fulwinder Pal Singh
language : en
Publisher: LAP Lambert Academic Publishing
Release Date : 2012-05
Productivity And Technical Change In Indian Manufacturing Sector written by Fulwinder Pal Singh and has been published by LAP Lambert Academic Publishing this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2012-05 with categories.
The most pressing need for rapid industrialisation of developing countries is to achieve the basic objectives of their economic and social progress. Therefore, industrialisation plays a crucial role in the process of economic development of developing economies.The present book analyses production structure, technical efficiency and Total Factor Productivity (TFP) growth in Indian manufacturing sector during pre and post reform period. Indian manufacturing sector will play a more dynamic role for sustainable development in the years to come through effective implementation of modernization and technology upgradation, better industrial infrastructural facilities, cost effectiveness, encouragement of public and private investment in research and development etc. Also the competitiveness of Indian manufacturing sector can be improved by increasing its productivity and technical efficiency so that this sector acts as a catalyst of socially inclusive and regionally balanced growth in the reformed era.
Organized Versus Unorganized Manufacturing Performance In India In The Post Reform Period
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Author : Vinish Kathuria
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2014
Organized Versus Unorganized Manufacturing Performance In India In The Post Reform Period written by Vinish Kathuria and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2014 with categories.
This paper analyses the productivity performance of the Indian manufacturing sector using unit level data, which is aggregated at four-digit industry level for the period 1994-95 to 2004-05 for 15 major states. The study focuses on both the organized and unorganized segments of the manufacturing sector. Both partial and total factor productivity (TFP) measures have been employed to trace the productivity performance of formal and informal manufacturing sector. TFP is estimated using Cobb-Douglas production functions at the four-digit industry level. The estimation is carried out by employing the Levinsohn-Petrin method, which uses intermediate inputs as the proxy to address the potential simultaneity bias in production function estimations. Our analysis reveals that labour productivity has increased for the organized sector over time whereas both labour productivity and capital intensity growth have slowed down in the unorganized sector during the 2000-01 to 2004-05 period. The production function analysis shows that capital has played a more significant role in the production process in both the sectors. TFP growth accelerated in the organized manufacturing sector during 2001-05 over 1995-2001 while the TFP decline that started in the first period (1995-2001) continued unabated even in the second period (2001-2005) in the unorganized manufacturing sector. We also find that output growth in both the sectors is productivity driven and not input driven. The improvement in TFPG of organized manufacturing in the post-2000 period as compared to the second half the 1990s across most states in India and that output growth was mostly productivity driven are important positive features of manufacturing performance in the post-reform period. However, the declining total factor productivity on one hand and increasing capital intensity of the unorganized sector is a cause of worry and raises several important questions.
Performance Of Indian Manufacturing In The Post Reform Period
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Author : Poonam Gupta
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2010
Performance Of Indian Manufacturing In The Post Reform Period written by Poonam Gupta and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2010 with categories.
Many emerging countries in recent decades have relied on a development strategy that focused primarily on promoting the manufacturing sector and the exports of manufactured goods. However, an acceleration of growth of output and employment in manufacturing has eluded India. This is despite the fact that the central focus of the reforms in the 1980s and 1990s was to unshackle the manufacturing sector. Instead it is the services sector which has grown rapidly, contributing about two-third of GDP growth in recent years. This paper discusses the reasons behind the modest performance of the manufacturing sector in India post reforms. It argues that there are many factors that have inhibited the growth of industrial sector in India. One major factor is the rigid and strict labor laws which have affected the industrial performance in a number of ways, by keeping the size of the establishments small, by not encouraging the production of labor intensive goods, by pushing activities to the unorganized sector, and by keeping the Indian industry uncompetitive. Besides the labor laws other factors that are responsible for the modest performance of the manufacturing sector include difficulty in the acquisition of land for industrial use, inadequate financing and infrastructure, and cumbersome business climate. The paper presents arguments and evidence which shows the importance of these factors.