Mechanized Harvesting Study For Fresh Market Apples
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Mechanized Harvesting Study For Fresh Market Apples
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Author : A. G. Berlage
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 1972
Mechanized Harvesting Study For Fresh Market Apples written by A. G. Berlage and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1972 with Apples categories.
Study Of Canopy Machine Interaction In Mass Mechanical Harvest Of Fresh Market Apples
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Author : Xin Zhang
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2020
Study Of Canopy Machine Interaction In Mass Mechanical Harvest Of Fresh Market Apples written by Xin Zhang and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2020 with Apples categories.
Fresh-market apple is one of the high-value agricultural produces in the United States and Washington. These apples are harvested manually worldwide, which requires a large seasonal workforce. Due to uncertain availability and rising cost of labor, the need for mechanical harvesting technologies has become critically important. Shake-and-catch harvesting technology has been studied to address this issue. Major challenges for mechanically harvesting fresh-market fruit include insufficient fruit removal, high fruit damage, and low labor productivity. As a way to address these challenges, this study focused on understanding canopy responses to the harvesting system through employing a supervised machine learning algorithm. Specifically, it aimed at identifying the most relevant canopy parameters influencing the fruit removal during mechanical harvesting. Based on the analysis of apples 'harvested' mechanically and those that remained on the trees after harvesting operation, fruit load, branch diameter, and shoot length/diameter were found to be the canopy parameters highly relevant to the success of mechanical harvesting techniques. Field tests, therefore, revealed that the pruning strategies have a remarkable influence on fruit removal efficiency. It was found that, to maintain a minimum removal efficiency of 85%, the shoot length should be less than 15 cm or S-index (the ratio of shoot diameter to length) should be >0.03.This study also included a comprehensive evaluation for comparing different harvesting systems based on multi-year/cultivar field trials. The results showed that the semi-automated system was more effective (fruit removal efficiency of 90%) compared to the hand-held (87%) and the manually operated hydraulic systems (84%). To further advance the automated machine operation, a machine vision (deep learning-based) system was developed for detecting and localizing tree trunks and branches, which achieved an intersection over union (the ratio of overlapping to total area) of 0.69 in trunk/branch detection. Polynomial curves were then employed for fitting the branches/trunks through the detected segments, which was used in estimating shaking locations on those branches. This research served as a basis for optimizing and advancing shake-and-catch harvesting technologies on fresh-market apple harvesting, which is expected to make a huge, positive impact on the long-term economic sustainability of apple industry.
Mechanical Harvest Of Fresh Market Apples
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Author : Zhao Zhang
language : en
Publisher: Springer Nature
Release Date : 2021-11-02
Mechanical Harvest Of Fresh Market Apples written by Zhao Zhang and has been published by Springer Nature this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2021-11-02 with Technology & Engineering categories.
This book presents the progress, changes, and evolvement for apple mechanical harvest during the past decades, which include, but not limited to, bulky harvest method, harvest platform, apple infield sorting, and harvest robotics. Though there are significant progresses in apple harvest robotics, there still is a long way ahead before its practical applications, with existing and potential bottlenecks described in this book. Hence, other researchers would take advantage of this book to have a hint of the apple mechanical harvest history and state-of-the-art progress, so that they can find the room for their new research. This book targets senior undergraduates and more importantly graduate students in the field of agricultural engineering, sensing, automatic, and robotics.
Machine Vision System For Robotic Apple Harvesting In Fruiting Wall Orchards
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Author : Abhisesh Silwal
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2016
Machine Vision System For Robotic Apple Harvesting In Fruiting Wall Orchards written by Abhisesh Silwal and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2016 with categories.
This dissertation focuses on the study and evaluation of a machine vision and an integrated robotic system for automated harvesting of apples grown in modern fruiting wall orchards. The machine vision algorithm designed to work in orchard environment accurately detected apples growing individually as well as in heavy clusters under variable natural lighting conditions. A pragmatic approach to harvesting (also called hierarchical approach) showed that 98% of the fruit could be detected with iterative imaging and harvesting of most visible fruits. The integrated robotic system with global camera and custom built seven degrees of freedom manipulator successfully picked 84% of attempted fruit with 6 seconds of average harvest time per fruit. This approach of selective apple harvesting with a global camera system and low-cost manipulator show a huge potential for cost-effective robotic solutions for harvesting fresh market apples. However, several limitations still remain to be addressed for commercialization.
Shake Harvesting Trials With Fresh Market Apples
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Author : A.G. Berlage
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 1976
Shake Harvesting Trials With Fresh Market Apples written by A.G. Berlage and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1976 with categories.
The objective of this research was to develop a mechanical harvesting system capable of reducing the number of workers required while maintaining an acceptable level of harvest damage on Red Delicious apples. low profile, self propelled, catching frames were designed and constructed. a fruit handling system was developed with the capability of delivering the shake harvested apples from the catching surface to the field bin with minimal damage. the equipment was field tested on Red and Golden Delicious apple trees located at the Tree Fruit Research Center in Wenatchee, Washington. machine harvest was 3.2 times faster than hand. the fruit catching and handling part of the system did essentially no damage to Red Delicious apples. Red Delicious harvest cullage averaged 14.2%.
A National Program Of Research For Farm Labor And Mechanization
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Author : Joint Task Force of the U.S. Dept. of Agriculture and the State Universities and Land Grant Colleges
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 1968
A National Program Of Research For Farm Labor And Mechanization written by Joint Task Force of the U.S. Dept. of Agriculture and the State Universities and Land Grant Colleges and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1968 with Agricultural laborers categories.
Fruit Nut And Vegetable Harvesting Mechanization
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Author :
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 1984
Fruit Nut And Vegetable Harvesting Mechanization written by and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1984 with Farm mechanization categories.
Management And Cost Control Producing Apples For Fresh Market
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Author : Bernard Freeland Stanton
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 1964
Management And Cost Control Producing Apples For Fresh Market written by Bernard Freeland Stanton and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1964 with Agriculture categories.
Fundamentals Of Agricultural And Field Robotics
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Author : Manoj Karkee
language : en
Publisher: Springer Nature
Release Date : 2021
Fundamentals Of Agricultural And Field Robotics written by Manoj Karkee and has been published by Springer Nature this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2021 with Agricultural engineering categories.
Over the past century, mechanization has been an important means for optimizing resource utilization, improving worker health and safety and reducing labor requirements in farming while increasing productivity and quality of 4F (Food, Fuel, Fiber, Feed). Recognizing this contribution, agricultural mechanization was considered as one of the top ten engineering achievements of 20th century by the National Academy of Engineering. Accordingly farming communities have adopted increasing level of automation and robotics to further improve the precision management of crops (including input resources), increase productivity and reduce farm labor beyond what has been possible with conventional mechanization technologies. It is more important than ever to continue to develop and adopt novel automation and robotic solutions into farming so that some of the most complex agricultural tasks, which require huge amount of seasonal labor such as fruit and vegetable harvesting, could be automated while meeting the rapidly increasing need for 4F. In addition, continual innovation in and adoption of agricultural automation and robotic technologies is essential to minimize the use of depleting resources including water, minerals and other chemicals so that sufficient amount of safe and healthy food can be produced for current generation while not compromising the potential for the future generation. This book aims at presenting the fundamental principles of various aspects of automation and robotics as they relate to production agriculture (the branch of agriculture dealing with farming operations from field preparation to seeding, to harvesting and field logistics). The building blocks of agricultural automation and robotics that are discussed in the book include sensing and machine vision, control, guidance, manipulation and end-effector technologies. The fundamentals and operating principles of these technologies are explained with examples from cutting-edge research and development currently going on around the word. This book brings together scientists, engineers, students and professionals working in these and related technologies to present their latest examples of agricultural automation and robotics research, innovation and development while explaining the fundamentals of the technology. The book, therefore, benefits those who wish to develop novel agricultural engineering solutions and/or to adopt them in the future. .
Mechanical Design And Field Evaluation Of A Robotic Apple Harvester
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Author : Joseph Ryan Davidson
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2016
Mechanical Design And Field Evaluation Of A Robotic Apple Harvester written by Joseph Ryan Davidson and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2016 with categories.
Every apple destined for the fresh market is picked by the human hand. Despite substantial research to develop robotic apple harvesters, there are no robotic systems commercially available. The highly unstructured orchard environment has been a major challenge to the development of commercially viable robotic harvesting systems. The absence of mechanical harvesters is a significant concern due to rising production costs and increasing uncertainty about the future availability of manual labor. This dissertation presents the mechanical design of a robotic apple harvester. The overall approach implemented was to advance performance, as measured by speed and harvesting efficiencies, by simplifying the harvesting task. A custom, seven degree-of-freedom manipulator was designed, fabricated, and then integrated with a picking end-effector. The end-effector, which is the only system component that makes contact with the fruit, is an underactuated, passively compliant design that grasps the fruit with a spherical power grasp. The end-effector prototype was extensively analyzed in the lab prior to field testing and shown to be robust to perception error.