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Mega Quakes Cascading Earthquake Hazards And Compounding Risks


Mega Quakes Cascading Earthquake Hazards And Compounding Risks
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Mega Quakes Cascading Earthquake Hazards And Compounding Risks


Mega Quakes Cascading Earthquake Hazards And Compounding Risks
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Author : Katsuichiro Goda
language : en
Publisher: Frontiers Media SA
Release Date : 2018-03-15

Mega Quakes Cascading Earthquake Hazards And Compounding Risks written by Katsuichiro Goda and has been published by Frontiers Media SA this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2018-03-15 with categories.


Large-scale earthquake hazards pose major threats to modern society, generating casualties, disrupting socioeconomic activities, and causing enormous economic loss across the world. Events, such as the 2004 Indian Ocean tsunami and the 2011 Tohoku earthquake, highlighted the vulnerability of urban cities to catastrophic earthquakes. Accurate assessment of earthquake-related hazards (both primary and secondary) is essential to mitigate and control disaster risk exposure effectively. To date, various approaches and tools have been developed in different disciplines. However, they are fragmented over a number of research disciplines and underlying assumptions are often inconsistent. Our society and infrastructure are subjected to multiple types of cascading earthquake hazards; therefore, integrated hazard assessment and risk management strategy is needed for mitigating potential consequences due to multi-hazards. Moreover, uncertainty modeling and its impact on hazard prediction and anticipated consequences are essential parts of probabilistic earthquake hazard and risk assessment. The Research Topic is focused upon modeling and impact assessment of cascading earthquake hazards, including mainshock ground shaking, aftershock, tsunami, liquefaction, and landslide.



Why Do Buildings Collapse In Earthquakes Building For Safety In Seismic Areas


Why Do Buildings Collapse In Earthquakes Building For Safety In Seismic Areas
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Author : Robin Spence
language : en
Publisher: John Wiley & Sons
Release Date : 2021-08-09

Why Do Buildings Collapse In Earthquakes Building For Safety In Seismic Areas written by Robin Spence and has been published by John Wiley & Sons this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2021-08-09 with Technology & Engineering categories.


WHY DO BUILDINGS COLLAPSE IN EARTHQUAKES? Learn from the personal experience and insights of leading earthquake engineering specialists as they examine the lessons from disasters of the last 30 years and propose a path to earthquake safety worldwide Why Do Buildings Collapse in Earthquakes?: Building for Safety in Seismic Areas delivers an insightful and comprehensive analysis of the key lessons taught by building failures during earthquakes around the world. The book uses empirical evidence to describe the successes of earthquake engineering and disaster preparedness, as well as the failures that may have had tragic consequences. Readers will learn what makes buildings in earthquake zones vulnerable, what can be done to design, build and maintain those buildings to reduce or eliminate that vulnerability, and what can be done to protect building occupants. Those who are responsible for the lives and safety of building occupants and visitors—architects, designers, engineers, and building owners or managers—will learn how to provide adequate safety in earthquake zones. The text offers useful and accessible answers to anyone interested in natural disasters generally and those who have specific concerns about the impact of earthquakes on the built environment. Readers will benefit from the inclusion of: A thorough introduction to how buildings have behaved in earthquakes, including a description of the world’s most lethal earthquakes and the fatality trend over time An exploration of how buildings are constructed around the world, including considerations of the impact of climate and seismicity on home design A discussion of what happens during an earthquake, including the types and levels of ground motion, landslides, tsunamis, and sequential effects, and how different types of buildings tend to behave in response to those phenomena What different stakeholders can do to improve the earthquake safety of their buildings The owners and managers of buildings in earthquake zones and those responsible for the safety of people who occupy or visit them will find Why Do Buildings Collapse in Earthquakes? Building for Safety in Seismic Areas essential reading, as will all architects, designers and engineers who design or refurbish buildings in earthquake zones.



Probabilistic Tsunami Hazard And Risk Analysis


Probabilistic Tsunami Hazard And Risk Analysis
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Author : Katsuichiro Goda
language : en
Publisher: Elsevier
Release Date : 2024-10-31

Probabilistic Tsunami Hazard And Risk Analysis written by Katsuichiro Goda and has been published by Elsevier this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2024-10-31 with Science categories.


Probabilistic Tsunami Hazard and Risk Analysis: Towards Disaster Risk Reduction and Resilience covers recent calls for advances in quantitative tsunami hazard and risk analyses for the synthesis of broad knowledge basis and solid understanding of interdisciplinary fields, spanning seismology, tsunami science, and coastal engineering. These new approaches are essential for enhanced disaster resilience of society under multiple hazards and changing climate as tsunamis can cause catastrophic loss to coastal cities and communities globally.This is a low-probability high-consequence event, and it is not easy to develop effective disaster risk reduction measures. In particular, uncertainties associated with tsunami hazards and risks are large. The knowledge and skills for quantitative probabilistic tsunami hazard and risk assessments are in high demand and are required in various related fields, including disaster risk management (governments and local communities), and the insurance and reinsurance industry (catastrophe model). - Focuses on fundamentals on probabilistic tsunami hazard and risk analysis - Includes case studies covering a wide range of applications related to tsunami hazard and risk assessments - Covers tsunami disaster risk management



Learning From Megadisasters


Learning From Megadisasters
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Author : Federica Ranghieri
language : en
Publisher: World Bank Publications
Release Date : 2014-06-26

Learning From Megadisasters written by Federica Ranghieri and has been published by World Bank Publications this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2014-06-26 with Political Science categories.


While not all natural disasters can be avoided, their impact on a population can be mitigated through effective planning and preparedness. These are the lessons to be learned from Japan's own megadisaster: the Great East Japan Earthquake of 2011, the fi rst disaster ever recorded that included an earthquake, a tsunami, a nuclear power plant accident, a power supply failure, and a large-scale disruption of supply chains. It is a sad fact that poor communities are often hardest hit and take the longest to recover from disaster. Disaster risk management (DRM) should therefore be taken into account as a major development challenge, and countries must shift from a tradition of response to a culture of prevention and resilience. Learning from Megadisasters: Lessons from the Great East Japan Earthquake consolidates a set of 36 Knowledge Notes, research results of a joint study undertaken by the Government of Japan and the World Bank. These notes highlight key lessons learned in seven DRM thematic clusters—structural measures; nonstructural measures; emergency response; reconstruction planning; hazard and risk information and decision making; the economics of disaster risk, risk management, and risk fi nancing; and recovery and relocation. Aimed at sharing Japanese cutting-edge knowledge with practitioners and decision makers, this book provides valuable guidance to other disaster-prone countries for mainstreaming DRM in their development policies and weathering their own natural disasters.



National Earthquake Resilience


National Earthquake Resilience
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Author : National Research Council
language : en
Publisher: National Academies Press
Release Date : 2011-09-09

National Earthquake Resilience written by National Research Council and has been published by National Academies Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2011-09-09 with Science categories.


The United States will certainly be subject to damaging earthquakes in the future. Some of these earthquakes will occur in highly populated and vulnerable areas. Coping with moderate earthquakes is not a reliable indicator of preparedness for a major earthquake in a populated area. The recent, disastrous, magnitude-9 earthquake that struck northern Japan demonstrates the threat that earthquakes pose. Moreover, the cascading nature of impacts-the earthquake causing a tsunami, cutting electrical power supplies, and stopping the pumps needed to cool nuclear reactors-demonstrates the potential complexity of an earthquake disaster. Such compound disasters can strike any earthquake-prone populated area. National Earthquake Resilience presents a roadmap for increasing our national resilience to earthquakes. The National Earthquake Hazards Reduction Program (NEHRP) is the multi-agency program mandated by Congress to undertake activities to reduce the effects of future earthquakes in the United States. The National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST)-the lead NEHRP agency-commissioned the National Research Council (NRC) to develop a roadmap for earthquake hazard and risk reduction in the United States that would be based on the goals and objectives for achieving national earthquake resilience described in the 2008 NEHRP Strategic Plan. National Earthquake Resilience does this by assessing the activities and costs that would be required for the nation to achieve earthquake resilience in 20 years. National Earthquake Resilience interprets resilience broadly to incorporate engineering/science (physical), social/economic (behavioral), and institutional (governing) dimensions. Resilience encompasses both pre-disaster preparedness activities and post-disaster response. In combination, these will enhance the robustness of communities in all earthquake-vulnerable regions of our nation so that they can function adequately following damaging earthquakes. While National Earthquake Resilience is written primarily for the NEHRP, it also speaks to a broader audience of policy makers, earth scientists, and emergency managers.



Risk Modeling For Hazards And Disasters


Risk Modeling For Hazards And Disasters
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Author : Gero Michel
language : en
Publisher: Elsevier
Release Date : 2017-08-29

Risk Modeling For Hazards And Disasters written by Gero Michel and has been published by Elsevier this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2017-08-29 with Science categories.


Risk Modeling for Hazards and Disasters covers all major aspects of catastrophe risk modeling, from hazards through to financial analysis. It explores relevant new science in risk modeling, indirect losses, assessment of impact and consequences to insurance losses, and current changes in risk modeling practice, along with case studies. It also provides further insight into the shortcomings of current models and examines model risk and ideas to diversify risk assessment. Risk Modeling for Hazards and Disasters instructs readers on how to assess, price and then hedge the losses from natural and manmade catastrophes. This book reviews current model development and science and explains recent changes in the catastrophe modeling space, including new initiatives covering uncertainty and big data in the assessment of risk for insurance pricing and portfolio management. Edited by a leading expert in both hazards and risk, this book is authored by a global panel including major modeling vendors, modeling consulting firms, and well-known catastrophe modeling scientists. Risk Modeling for Hazards and Disasters provides important insight into how models are used to price and manage risk. - Includes high profile case studies such as the Newcastle earthquake, Hurricane Andrew and Hurricane Katrina - Provides crucial information on new ideas and platforms that will help address the new demands for risk management and catastrophe risk reporting - Presents the theory and practice needed to know how models are created and what is and what is not important in the modeling process - Covers relevant new science in risk modeling, indirect losses, assessment of impact and consequences to insurance losses, and current changes in risk modeling practice, along with case studies



At Risk


At Risk
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Author : Benjamin Wisner
language : en
Publisher: Psychology Press
Release Date : 2004

At Risk written by Benjamin Wisner and has been published by Psychology Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2004 with Disasters categories.


The second edition of At Risk confronts a further ten years of ever more expensive and deadly disasters since it was first published, and argues that extreme natural events are not disasters until a vulnerable group of people is exposed.



Disaster Risk Management In Asia And The Pacific


Disaster Risk Management In Asia And The Pacific
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Author : Ian Davis
language : en
Publisher: Routledge
Release Date : 2014-09-04

Disaster Risk Management In Asia And The Pacific written by Ian Davis and has been published by Routledge this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2014-09-04 with Business & Economics categories.


This book uses two international frameworks—the Millennium Development Goals and the Hyogo Framework for Action, a program focused on disaster risk management—to study the key trends in the region in terms of disaster incidence, sources of vulnerability and social and economic challenges. As both frameworks draw to a close, international debate is taking place during the period 2012–2015 on their current progress. This book seeks to help readers understand the process better. The chapters are written by eight independent internationally based authors. Collectively, they have extensive regional experience in the areas of disaster risk management and climate change as well as working in academia, research, consultancy, the UN and international agencies, government and the NGO sector. The analysis presented benefits from their varied backgrounds in medicine, architecture, economics, engineering, planning, social studies, development studies and political science. Throughout the book, relevant examples, drawn from the region, are included to ‘earth’ the project in the harsh realities of risk and disaster impact.



Managing The Risks Of Extreme Events And Disasters To Advance Climate Change Adaptation


Managing The Risks Of Extreme Events And Disasters To Advance Climate Change Adaptation
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Author : Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change
language : en
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
Release Date : 2012-05-28

Managing The Risks Of Extreme Events And Disasters To Advance Climate Change Adaptation written by Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change and has been published by Cambridge University Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2012-05-28 with Business & Economics categories.


Extreme weather and climate events, interacting with exposed and vulnerable human and natural systems, can lead to disasters. This Special Report explores the social as well as physical dimensions of weather- and climate-related disasters, considering opportunities for managing risks at local to international scales. SREX was approved and accepted by the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) on 18 November 2011 in Kampala, Uganda.



Disaster Risk Reduction Approaches In Pakistan


Disaster Risk Reduction Approaches In Pakistan
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Author : Atta-Ur- Rahman
language : en
Publisher: Springer
Release Date : 2015-01-20

Disaster Risk Reduction Approaches In Pakistan written by Atta-Ur- Rahman and has been published by Springer this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2015-01-20 with Nature categories.


This book is a pioneering regional work and provides a balanced approach of theory and practice in disaster risk reduction (DRR) in Pakistan. The book analytically discusses the status of DRR and draws examples and lessons from national and community-level programs and projects and events in the country. The book covers different types of disasters facing Pakistan, including geo-physical and hydro-meteorological hazards. This work incorporates and draws some of the key lessons learned from the pre-disaster and disaster phases to the post-disaster phase, providing an effective framework in the form of those lessons. The rich content is based on a selection of available documents, a consultative workshop with academicians from different universities undertaking DRR higher education programs, and the editors’ own knowledge and experience in the field. Special emphasis is given to analyzing field experiences from academic perspectives, and pinpointing key issues and the policy relevance of DRR. Disaster Risk Reduction Approaches in Pakistan is organized into three sections with a total of 20 chapters. Section one provides the outline and basics of DRR strategies applied at the national level with supporting examples from a global review. Section two specifically highlights the wide ranges of hazards experienced in Pakistan and presents examples, policy options, institutional set-ups, risk reduction strategies, and key lessons learned. The third section of the book is given to approaches and issues of DRR practices with examples of disaster responses.