Merchants Of Doubt
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Merchants Of Doubt
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Author : Naomi Oreskes
language : en
Publisher: A&C Black
Release Date : 2011-10-03
Merchants Of Doubt written by Naomi Oreskes and has been published by A&C Black this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2011-10-03 with Technology & Engineering categories.
The U.S. scientific community has long led the world in research on such areas as public health, environmental science, and issues affecting quality of life. These scientists have produced landmark studies on the dangers of DDT, tobacco smoke, acid rain, and global warming. But at the same time, a small yet potent subset of this community leads the world in vehement denial of these dangers. Merchants of Doubt tells the story of how a loose-knit group of high-level scientists and scientific advisers, with deep connections in politics and industry, ran effective campaigns to mislead the public and deny well-established scientific knowledge over four decades. Remarkably, the same individuals surface repeatedly-some of the same figures who have claimed that the science of global warming is "not settled" denied the truth of studies linking smoking to lung cancer, coal smoke to acid rain, and CFCs to the ozone hole. "Doubt is our product," wrote one tobacco executive. These "experts" supplied it. Naomi Oreskes and Erik M. Conway, historians of science, roll back the rug on this dark corner of the American scientific community, showing how ideology and corporate interests, aided by a too-compliant media, have skewed public understanding of some of the most pressing issues of our era.
Why Trust Science
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Author : Naomi Oreskes
language : en
Publisher: Princeton University Press
Release Date : 2021-04-06
Why Trust Science written by Naomi Oreskes and has been published by Princeton University Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2021-04-06 with Science categories.
Why the social character of scientific knowledge makes it trustworthy Are doctors right when they tell us vaccines are safe? Should we take climate experts at their word when they warn us about the perils of global warming? Why should we trust science when so many of our political leaders don't? Naomi Oreskes offers a bold and compelling defense of science, revealing why the social character of scientific knowledge is its greatest strength—and the greatest reason we can trust it. Tracing the history and philosophy of science from the late nineteenth century to today, this timely and provocative book features a new preface by Oreskes and critical responses by climate experts Ottmar Edenhofer and Martin Kowarsch, political scientist Jon Krosnick, philosopher of science Marc Lange, and science historian Susan Lindee, as well as a foreword by political theorist Stephen Macedo.
Atmospheric Science At Nasa
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Author : Erik M. Conway
language : en
Publisher: JHU Press
Release Date : 2008-12-08
Atmospheric Science At Nasa written by Erik M. Conway and has been published by JHU Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2008-12-08 with Science categories.
Honorable Mention, 2008 ASLI Choice Awards. Atmospheric Science Librarians International This book offers an informed and revealing account of NASA’s involvement in the scientific understanding of the Earth’s atmosphere. Since the nineteenth century, scientists have attempted to understand the complex processes of the Earth’s atmosphere and the weather created within it. This effort has evolved with the development of new technologies—from the first instrument-equipped weather balloons to multibillion-dollar meteorological satellite and planetary science programs. Erik M. Conway chronicles the history of atmospheric science at NASA, tracing the story from its beginnings in 1958, the International Geophysical Year, through to the present, focusing on NASA’s programs and research in meteorology, stratospheric ozone depletion, and planetary climates and global warming. But the story is not only a scientific one. NASA’s researchers operated within an often politically contentious environment. Although environmental issues garnered strong public and political support in the 1970s, the following decades saw increased opposition to environmentalism as a threat to free market capitalism. Atmospheric Science at NASA critically examines this politically controversial science, dissecting the often convoluted roles, motives, and relationships of the various institutional actors involved—among them NASA, congressional appropriation committees, government weather and climate bureaus, and the military.
Summary Merchants Of Doubt How A Handful Of Scientists Obscured The Truth On Issues From Tobacco Smoke To Climate Change By Naomi Oreskes And Erik M Conway
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Author : Shortcut Edition
language : en
Publisher: Shortcut Edition
Release Date : 2021-05-31
Summary Merchants Of Doubt How A Handful Of Scientists Obscured The Truth On Issues From Tobacco Smoke To Climate Change By Naomi Oreskes And Erik M Conway written by Shortcut Edition and has been published by Shortcut Edition this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2021-05-31 with Business & Economics categories.
* Our summary is short, simple and pragmatic. It allows you to have the essential ideas of a big book in less than 30 minutes. *As you read this summary, you will discover how the industry and sometimes the U.S. Government have developed a strategy of doubt to prevent regulation contrary to their interests. *You will also discover that : scientific activity is strongly supervised by permanent peer review; a handful of renowned scientists do not hesitate to manipulate the facts; the media's duty of impartiality is sometimes instrumentalized; we must not believe everything we are told! *Science can represent a danger for industry when it points out the harm to the environment or human health caused by economic activity. Industrialists then react thanks to a strategy developed for decades, consisting in maintaining doubt about these risks thanks to the valuable assistance of certain recognized scientists. The book The Merchants of Doubt, written by science historians Naomi Oreskes and Erik Conway, analyses, with supporting documents, how several scientific truths were attacked and questioned to protect economic or political interests. *Buy now the summary of this book for the modest price of a cup of coffee!
Summary Merchants Of Doubt
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Author : BusinessNews Publishing,
language : en
Publisher: Primento
Release Date : 2017-01-30
Summary Merchants Of Doubt written by BusinessNews Publishing, and has been published by Primento this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2017-01-30 with Political Science categories.
The must-read summary of Naomi Oreskes and Erik Conway’s book: “Merchants of Doubt: How a Handful of Scientists Obscured the Truth on Issues from Tobacco Smoke to Global Warming”. This complete summary of “Merchants of Doubt” by Naomi Oreskes and Erik Conway, two prominent science historians, presents their account of how a group of top scientists ran campaigns in order to confuse the public over the validity of scientific discoveries on issues such as global warming, the dangers of smoking and acid rain. In their book, the authors reveal the actions of this scientific community and how they have prevented the understanding of some of the most important global issues. Added-value of this summary: • Save time • Understand how politics can cause a conflict of interest with scientific facts and research • Expand your knowledge of politics and science To learn more, read “Merchants of Doubt” and discover the truth that scientists have been trying to hide.
The Collapse Of Western Civilization
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Author : Naomi Oreskes
language : en
Publisher: Columbia University Press
Release Date : 2014-07-01
The Collapse Of Western Civilization written by Naomi Oreskes and has been published by Columbia University Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2014-07-01 with Science categories.
The year is 2393, and the world is almost unrecognizable. Clear warnings of climate catastrophe went ignored for decades, leading to soaring temperatures, rising sea levels, widespread drought and—finally—the disaster now known as the Great Collapse of 2093, when the disintegration of the West Antarctica Ice Sheet led to mass migration and a complete reshuffling of the global order. Writing from the Second People's Republic of China on the 300th anniversary of the Great Collapse, a senior scholar presents a gripping and deeply disturbing account of how the children of the Enlightenment—the political and economic elites of the so-called advanced industrial societies—failed to act, and so brought about the collapse of Western civilization. In this haunting, provocative work of science-based fiction, Naomi Oreskes and Eric M. Conway imagine a world devastated by climate change. Dramatizing the science in ways traditional nonfiction cannot, the book reasserts the importance of scientists and the work they do and reveals the self-serving interests of the so called "carbon combustion complex" that have turned the practice of science into political fodder. Based on sound scholarship and yet unafraid to speak boldly, this book provides a welcome moment of clarity amid the cacophony of climate change literature.
Climate Change Denial
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Author : Haydn Washington
language : en
Publisher: Routledge
Release Date : 2013-05-13
Climate Change Denial written by Haydn Washington and has been published by Routledge this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2013-05-13 with Nature categories.
Humans have always used denial. When we are afraid, guilty, confused, or when something interferes with our self-image, we tend to deny it. Yet denial is a delusion. When it impacts on the health of oneself, or society, or the world it becomes a pathology. Climate change denial is such a case. Paradoxically, as the climate science has become more certain, denial about the issue has increased. The paradox lies in the denial. There is a denial industry funded by the fossil fuel companies that literally denies the science, and seeks to confuse the public. There is denial within governments, where spin-doctors use 'weasel words' to pretend they are taking action. However there is also denial within most of us, the citizenry. We let denial prosper and we resist the science. It also explains the social science behind denial. It contains a detailed examination of the principal climate change denial arguments, from attacks on the integrity of scientists, to impossible expectations of proof and certainty to the cherry picking of data. Climate change can be solved - but only when we cease to deny that it exists. This book shows how we can break through denial, accept reality, and thus solve the climate crisis. It will engage scientists, university students, climate change activists as well as the general public seeking to roll back denial and act.
How Culture Shapes The Climate Change Debate
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Author : Andrew J. Hoffman
language : en
Publisher: Stanford University Press
Release Date : 2015-03-11
How Culture Shapes The Climate Change Debate written by Andrew J. Hoffman and has been published by Stanford University Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2015-03-11 with Business & Economics categories.
Though the scientific community largely agrees that climate change is underway, debates about this issue remain fiercely polarized. These conversations have become a rhetorical contest, one where opposing sides try to achieve victory through playing on fear, distrust, and intolerance. At its heart, this split no longer concerns carbon dioxide, greenhouse gases, or climate modeling; rather, it is the product of contrasting, deeply entrenched worldviews. This brief examines what causes people to reject or accept the scientific consensus on climate change. Synthesizing evidence from sociology, psychology, and political science, Andrew J. Hoffman lays bare the opposing cultural lenses through which science is interpreted. He then extracts lessons from major cultural shifts in the past to engender a better understanding of the problem and motivate the public to take action. How Culture Shapes the Climate Change Debate makes a powerful case for a more scientifically literate public, a more socially engaged scientific community, and a more thoughtful mode of public discourse.
Science As A Contact Sport
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Author : Stephen H. Schneider
language : en
Publisher: National Geographic Books
Release Date : 2009-11-03
Science As A Contact Sport written by Stephen H. Schneider and has been published by National Geographic Books this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2009-11-03 with Nature categories.
It’s been nearly four decades since scientists first realized that global warming posed a potential threat to our planet. Why, if we knew of the threats way back in the Carter Administration, can’t we act decisively to limit greenhouse gases, deforestation, and catastrophic warming trends? Why are we still addicted to fossil fuels? Have we all just been fiddling for 40 years as the world burns around us? Schneider, part of the Nobel Prize–winning team that shared the accolade with Al Gore in 2007, had a front-row seat at this unfolding environmental meltdown. Piecing together events like a detective story, Schneider reveals that as expert consensus grew, well-informed activists warned of dangerous changes no one knew how to predict precisely—and special interests seized on that very uncertainty to block any effective response. He persuasively outlines a plan to avert the building threat and develop a positive, practical policy that will bring climate change back under our control, help the economy with a new generation of green energy jobs and productivity, and reduce the dependence on unreliable exporters of oil—and thus ensure a future for ourselves and our planet that’s as rich with promise as our past.
Doubt Is Their Product
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Author : David Michaels
language : en
Publisher: Oxford University Press
Release Date : 2008-04-23
Doubt Is Their Product written by David Michaels and has been published by Oxford University Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2008-04-23 with Health & Fitness categories.
In this eye-opening expos, Michaels reveals how the tobacco industry's duplicitous tactics spawned a multi-million dollar industry that is dismantling public health safeguards.