Metabolic Control Of Brain Homeostasis
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Metabolic Control Of Brain Homeostasis
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Author : Detlev Boison
language : en
Publisher: Frontiers Media SA
Release Date : 2017-10-03
Metabolic Control Of Brain Homeostasis written by Detlev Boison and has been published by Frontiers Media SA this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2017-10-03 with Electronic book categories.
Brain function is under metabolic control, which in turn determines the equilibrium of homeostatic systems that affect neuronal and glial networks on the molecular, cellular, and systems levels. The collection of articles ranges from molecules and mechanisms involved in regulating homeostasis and neuronal excitability to therapeutic mechanisms tailored to restore homeostatic function. It also features neurological diseases and novel treatment approaches that are based on metabolic and homeostatic interventions. Together, the collection of articles outlines novel strategies to restore brain function in neurology and highlights limitations of conventional pharmacological approaches. We suggest that restoration of molecular and biochemical networks could lead to a new era of therapeutic opportunities.
Neuron Signaling In Metabolic Regulation
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Author : Qingchun Tong
language : en
Publisher: CRC Press
Release Date : 2021-06-07
Neuron Signaling In Metabolic Regulation written by Qingchun Tong and has been published by CRC Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2021-06-07 with Medical categories.
This book focuses on neuron signaling in the regulation of metabolism and body weight, and especially on methods used in these studies. Obesity and related metabolic syndromes have reached epidemic status, but still are no effective strategies for prevention and treatment. Body weight homeostasis is maintained by balanced food intake and energy expenditure, both of which are under the control of brain neurons. In the recent years, significant progress has been made in identifying specific neurons, neural pathways, and non-neuron cells in feeding regulation, as well as in delineating autonomic nervous systems targeting peripheral metabolic tissues in the regulation of energy expenditure and metabolism. This book reviews recent progress on important neuron signaling for body weight and metabolic regulation and the state-of-the-art methods that has been applied in this field, ranging from animal models with neuron-specific manipulations, pharmacology, optogenetics, in vivo Ca2+ imaging, and viral tracing. Readers will be exposed to latest research frontiers on neuron regulation of metabolism. Key Features Explores the role signaling between neurons plays with respect to metabolism Documents how neurotransmitters affect the regulation of feeding Describes various methods and technologies used to study the neuronal control of metabolism Includes contributions from an international team of leading researchers. Related Titles Lim, W. & B. Mayer. Cell Signaling: Principles and Mechanisms (ISBN 978-0-8153-4244-1) Feltz, A. Physiology of Neurons (ISBN 978-0-8153-4600-5) Zempleni, J. & K. Dakshinamurti, eds. Nutrients and Cell Signaling (ISBN 978-0367-39307-6)
Fuel Homeostasis And The Nervous System
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Author : Mladen Vranic
language : en
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Release Date : 2012-12-06
Fuel Homeostasis And The Nervous System written by Mladen Vranic and has been published by Springer Science & Business Media this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2012-12-06 with Science categories.
This book has a dual purpose, to review in depth the control of fuel homeostasis in the brain and the role of the nervous system in the control of fuel deposition in the body. From the methodological point of view the emphasis is on the application of advanced technologies to assess fuel transport and brain metabolism, the role of peptides in the neuroendocrine system and the response of the brain to hypoglycemia. These technologies include positron emmission tomography, nuclear magnetic resonance, immunocytochemistry, molecular biology, autoradiography. To study fuel homeostasis in the body advanced tracer methods that include modelling are set out. From the pathophysiological point of view the emphasis is on abnormalities in stress, brain metabolism in diabetes, eating and degenerative disorders. This book contains contributions from endocrinologists, physiologists, neurologists, psychoneuroendocrinOlogists, biophysicists, biochemists and experts in nutrition. This authorship represents a unique diversity of researchers who, for the first time, cover comprehensively the interaction between the nervous system and fuel homeostasis, both in health and disease. We hope this book will be an important source of information for both researchers and practicing clinicians. Mladen Vranic Suad Efendic Charles Hollenberg v ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS The Symposium from which this volume arose (University of Toronto, June 27-28, 1990) was the first Toronto-Stockholm symposium on Perspectives in Diabetes Research. These Symposia are organized triennially by the Banting and Best Diabetes Centre, University of Toronto and the Department of Endocrinology, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm.
The Neuronal Environment
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Author : Wolfgang Walz
language : en
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Release Date : 2001-12-26
The Neuronal Environment written by Wolfgang Walz and has been published by Springer Science & Business Media this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2001-12-26 with Medical categories.
Leading neuroscience researchers offer a fresh perspective on neuronal function by examining all its many components-including their pertubation during major disease states-and relate each element to neuronal demands. Topics range from the dependency of neurons on metabolic supply, as well as on both ion and transmitter homeostasis, to their close interaction with the myelin sheath. Also addressed are the astrocytic signaling system that controls synaptic transmission, the extracellular matrix and space as communication systems, the role of blood flow regulation in neuronal demand and in blood-brain barrier function, and inflammation and the neuroimmune system. Insightful and integrative, The Neuronal Environment: Brain Homeostasis in Health and Disease demonstrates a clear new understanding that neurons do not work in isolation, that they need constant interactions with other brain components to process information, and that they are not the only information processing system in the brain.
The Cerebral Circulation
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Author : Marilyn J. Cipolla
language : en
Publisher: Biota Publishing
Release Date : 2016-07-28
The Cerebral Circulation written by Marilyn J. Cipolla and has been published by Biota Publishing this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2016-07-28 with Medical categories.
This e-book will review special features of the cerebral circulation and how they contribute to the physiology of the brain. It describes structural and functional properties of the cerebral circulation that are unique to the brain, an organ with high metabolic demands and the need for tight water and ion homeostasis. Autoregulation is pronounced in the brain, with myogenic, metabolic and neurogenic mechanisms contributing to maintain relatively constant blood flow during both increases and decreases in pressure. In addition, unlike peripheral organs where the majority of vascular resistance resides in small arteries and arterioles, large extracranial and intracranial arteries contribute significantly to vascular resistance in the brain. The prominent role of large arteries in cerebrovascular resistance helps maintain blood flow and protect downstream vessels during changes in perfusion pressure. The cerebral endothelium is also unique in that its barrier properties are in some way more like epithelium than endothelium in the periphery. The cerebral endothelium, known as the blood-brain barrier, has specialized tight junctions that do not allow ions to pass freely and has very low hydraulic conductivity and transcellular transport. This special configuration modifies Starling's forces in the brain microcirculation such that ions retained in the vascular lumen oppose water movement due to hydrostatic pressure. Tight water regulation is necessary in the brain because it has limited capacity for expansion within the skull. Increased intracranial pressure due to vasogenic edema can cause severe neurologic complications and death.
How Gut And Brain Control Metabolism
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Author : P.J.D. Delhanty
language : en
Publisher: Karger Medical and Scientific Publishers
Release Date : 2014-04-10
How Gut And Brain Control Metabolism written by P.J.D. Delhanty and has been published by Karger Medical and Scientific Publishers this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2014-04-10 with Medical categories.
Obesity is an epidemic problem not limited to Western society, but also in emerging industrial nations with large populations, especially in Asia. The connection between the gut and the brain is probably one of the most promising therapeutic targets for the treatment of obesity and metabolic syndrome. This book brings together reviews on the current understanding of how the gut and brain communicate in the regulation of metabolism. Individual chapters explore novel aspects of this interaction. A comprehensive update on the roles of smell and taste, the gut microbiome, and novel gut-derived neuropeptides in regulating metabolism via the brain is offered. Furthermore, the regulation of insulin sensitivity in the brain is discussed in detail. Providing an overview of the most recent findings, 'How Gut and Brain Control Metabolism' could spark in the reader new ideas or approaches, thus leading to much-needed new medical treatments. Physicians with an involvement in the treatment of metabolic disease and scientists performing research in the fields of nutrition and obesity will find this book a valuable addition to their bookshelves.
Brain Nutrient Sensing In The Control Of Energy Balance New Insights And Perspectives
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Author : Céline Cruciani-Guglielmacci
language : en
Publisher: Frontiers Media SA
Release Date : 2019-05-09
Brain Nutrient Sensing In The Control Of Energy Balance New Insights And Perspectives written by Céline Cruciani-Guglielmacci and has been published by Frontiers Media SA this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2019-05-09 with categories.
The present Research Topic proposes reviews and original articles covering the complex field of study of the importance of brain nutrient-sensing in the control of energy balance. It aims to give a clear view on the current questions addressed by the scientific community, and to raise new questions to achieve a full understanding of the impact of nutrient-sensing, and more generally nutrition, on brain functions.
Neural Regulation Of Metabolism
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Author : Qi Wu
language : en
Publisher: Springer
Release Date : 2018-11-02
Neural Regulation Of Metabolism written by Qi Wu and has been published by Springer this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2018-11-02 with Medical categories.
This book systemically describes the mechanisms underlying the neural regulation of metabolism. Metabolic diseases, including obesity and its associated conditions, currently affect more than 500 million people worldwide. Recent research has shown that the neural regulation of metabolism is a central mechanism that controls metabolic status physiologically and pathophysiologically. The book first introduces the latest studies on the neural and cellular mechanisms of hypothalamic neurons, hypothalamic glial cells, neural circuitries, cellular signaling pathways, and synaptic plasticity in the control of appetite, body weight, feeding-related behaviors and metabolic disorders. It then summarizes the humoral mechanisms by which critical adipocyte-derived hormones and lipoprotein lipase regulate lipid and glucose metabolism, and examines the role of the hypothalamus-sympathetic nerve, a critical nerve pathway from CNS to peripheral nervous system (PNS), in the regulation of metabolism in multiple tissues/organs. Furthermore, the book discusses the functions of adipose tissue in energy metabolism. Lastly, it explores dietary interventions to treat neural diseases and some of the emerging technologies used to study the neural regulation of metabolism. Presenting cutting-edge developments in the neural regulation of metabolism, the book is a valuable reference resource for graduate students and researchers in the field of neuroscience and metabolism.
Homeostatic Control Of Brain Function
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Author : Detlev Boison
language : en
Publisher: Oxford University Press
Release Date : 2016
Homeostatic Control Of Brain Function written by Detlev Boison and has been published by Oxford University Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2016 with Medical categories.
Homeostatic Control of Brain Function offers a broad view of brain health and diverse perspectives for potential treatments, targeting key areas such as mitochondria, the immune system, epigenetic changes, and regulatory molecules such as ions, neuropeptides, and neuromodulators. Loss of homeostasis becomes expressed as a diverse array of neurological disorders. Each disorder has multiple comorbidities - with some crossing over several conditions - and often disease-specific treatments remain elusive. When current pharmacological therapies result in ineffective and inadequate outcomes, therapies to restore and maintain homeostatic functions can help improve brain health, no matter the diagnosis. Employing homeostatic therapies may lead to future cures or treatments that address multiple comorbidities. In an age where brain diseases such as Alzheimer's or Parkinson's are ever present, the incorporation of homeostatic techniques could successfully promote better overall brain health. Key Features include · A focus on the homeostatic controls that significantly depend on the way one lives, eats, and drinks. · Highlights from emerging research in non-pharmaceutical therapies including botanical medications, meditation, diet, and exercise. · Incorporation of homeostatic therapies into existing basic and clinical research paradigms. · Extensive scientific basic and clinical research ranging from molecules to disorders. · Emerging practical information for improving homeostasis. · Examples of homeostatic therapies in preventing and delaying dysfunction. Both editors, Detlev Boison and Susan Masino, bring their unique expertise in homeostatic research to the overall scope of this work. This book is accessible to all with an interest in brain health; scientist, clinician, student, and lay reader alike.
Ion Homeostasis Of The Brain
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Author : Bo K. Siesjö
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 1971
Ion Homeostasis Of The Brain written by Bo K. Siesjö and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1971 with Body fluid disorders categories.