Metallography And Microstructure In Ancient And Historic Metals

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Metallography And Microstructure In Ancient And Historic Metals

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Author : David A. Scott
language : en
Publisher: Getty Publications
Release Date : 1992-01-02

Metallography And Microstructure In Ancient And Historic Metals written by David A. Scott and has been published by Getty Publications this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1992-01-02 with Antiques & Collectibles categories.

David A. Scott provides a detailed introduction to the structure and morphology of ancient and historic metallic materials. Much of the scientific research on this important topic has been inaccessible, scattered throughout the international literature, or unpublished; this volume, although not exhaustive in its coverage, fills an important need by assembling much of this information in a single source. Jointly published by the GCI and the J. Paul Getty Museum, the book deals with many practical matters relating to the mounting, preparation, etching, polishing, and microscopy of metallic samples and includes an account of the way in which phase diagrams can be used to assist in structural interpretation. The text is supplemented by an extensive number of microstructural studies carried out in the laboratory on ancient and historic metals. The student beginning the study of metallic materials and the conservation scientist who wishes to carry out structural studies of metallic objects of art will find this publication quite useful.

Metallography In Archaeology And Art

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Author : David A. Scott
language : en
Publisher: Springer Nature
Release Date : 2019-08-30

Metallography In Archaeology And Art written by David A. Scott and has been published by Springer Nature this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2019-08-30 with Technology & Engineering categories.

This book provides a comprehensive introduction to the metallographic study of ancient metals. Metallography is important both conceptually as a microstructural science and in terms of its application to the study of ancient and historic metals. Metallography is a well-established methodology for the characterization of the microstructure of metals, which continues to be significant today in quality control and characterization of metallic properties. Not only does the metallographic examination of ancient metals present its own challenges in terms of sample size and interpretation of evidence, but it must be integrated with archaeological data and cultural research in order to obtain the most meaningful results. Issues of authentication and the establishment of fakes and forgeries of metallic artefacts often involve metallographic evidence of both metal and patina or corrosion interface, as an essential component of such a study. The present volume sets out the basic features of relevant metallic systems, enhanced with a series of examples of typical microstructural types, with illustrative case studies and examples throughout the text derived from studies undertaken by the two authors. This book provides a comprehensive presentation of metallography for archaeologists, archaeometallurgists, conservators, conservation scientists and metallurgists of modern materials.

Research Abstracts Of The Scientific Program

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Author : Getty Conservation Institute. Scientific Program
language : en
Publisher: Getty Publications
Release Date : 1994

Research Abstracts Of The Scientific Program written by Getty Conservation Institute. Scientific Program and has been published by Getty Publications this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1994 with Art categories.

This series presents current research being conducted under the auspices of the Getty Conservation Institute.An overview of research from 1984 to 1994, including environmental controls in museums, the use of protective materials and analyses in the conservation of cultural objects and archaeological sites, and the use of new technologies for monitoring, documentation, and analysis.

Corrosion And Conservation Of Cultural Heritage Metallic Artefacts

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Author : D.A. Scott
language : en
Publisher: Elsevier Inc. Chapters
Release Date : 2013-07-31

Corrosion And Conservation Of Cultural Heritage Metallic Artefacts written by D.A. Scott and has been published by Elsevier Inc. Chapters this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2013-07-31 with Technology & Engineering categories.

Metallographic investigations may be an essential component in the search for authenticity and fabrication technology. Assessing how an artefact is made may involve metallographic examination, usually entailing the removal of a small sample from the object concerned. Examples of the use of metallography are discussed with reference to copper alloys, high-tin bronzes, Chinese bronze mirrors, copper plaques, iron and steels, and plated or coated metals, such as depletion gilded surfaces or those covered with gold foil or other metals. The different types of features which metallography can reveal concerning ancient metallic structures are briefly discussed with several colour photomicrographs which illustrate the features described in this chapter. The importance of metallography as one component of the scientific tools to aid in the determination of authenticity of ancient metallic artefacts is stressed, and an example given of old electrotypes from the Victoria and Albert Museum. Important literature references are provided to direct the reader to more detailed studies on the subject.

Is There A British Chalcolithic

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Author : Michael J. Allen
language : en
Publisher: Oxbow Books
Release Date : 2012-06-09

Is There A British Chalcolithic written by Michael J. Allen and has been published by Oxbow Books this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2012-06-09 with Social Science categories.

The Chalcolithic, the phase in prehistory when the important technical development of adding tin to copper to produce bronze had not yet taken place, is not a term generally used by British prehistorians and whether there is even a definable phase is debated. Is There a British Chalcolithic? brings together many leading authorities in 20 papers that address this question. Papers are grouped under several headings. 'Definitions, Issues, and Debate' considers whether appropriate criteria apply that define a distinctive period (c. 2450 - 2150 cal BC) in cultural, social, and temporal terms with particular emphasis on the role and status of metal artifacts and Beaker pottery. 'Continental Perspectives' addresses various aspects of comparative regions of Europe where a Chalcolithic has been defined. 'Around Britain and Ireland' presents a series of large-scale regional case studies where authors argue for and against the adoption of the term. The final section, 'Economy, Landscapes, and Monuments', looks at aspects of economy, land-use and burial tradition and provides a detailed consideration of the Stonehenge and Avebury landscapes during the period in question. The volume contains much detailed information on sites and artifacts, and comprehensive radiocarbon datasets that will be invaluable to scholars and students studying this enigmatic but pivotal episode of British Prehistory. Additional information originally found on included CD ROM can be downloaded here: https://books.casematepublishers.com/Is_There_a_British_Chalcolithic.pdf

Illicit Antiquities

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Author : Neil Brodie
language : en
Publisher: Routledge
Release Date : 2003-08-27

Illicit Antiquities written by Neil Brodie and has been published by Routledge this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2003-08-27 with Social Science categories.

The exploitation of archaeological sites for commercial gain is a serious problem worldwide. In peace and during wartime archaeological sites and cultural institutions, both on land and underwater, are attacked and their contents robbed for sale on an international 'antiquities' market. Objects are excavated without record, smuggled across borders and sold for exorbitant prices in the salesrooms of Europe and North America. In some countries this looting has now reached such a scale as to threaten the very survival of their archaeological and cultural heritage. This volume highlights the deleterious effects of the trade on cultural heritage, but in particular it focuses upon questions of legal and local responses: How can people become involved in the preservation of their past and what, in economic terms, are the costs and benefits? Are international conventions or export restrictions effective in diminishing the volume of the trade and the scale of its associated destruction?

Nanotechnologies And Nanomaterials For Diagnostic Conservation And Restoration Of Cultural Heritage

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Author : Giuseppe Lazzara
language : en
Publisher: Elsevier
Release Date : 2018-10-12

Nanotechnologies And Nanomaterials For Diagnostic Conservation And Restoration Of Cultural Heritage written by Giuseppe Lazzara and has been published by Elsevier this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2018-10-12 with Science categories.

Nanotechnologies and Nanomaterials for Diagnostic, Conservation and Restoration of Cultural Heritage explores how advanced nanoscale techniques can help preserve artworks. The book covers lab-scale available techniques as well as advanced methods from neutron sources and X-ray spectroscopy. Other sections highlight a variety of nanomaterials with potential uses in treatments for restoration and conservation, with conservation, consolidation and long-term protection protocols analyzed in each case. The final chapter presents case studies, demonstrates how nanoscale techniques are used to conserve art, and shows what happens when misinterpretation of data sources leads to misdiagnosis. The book is intended for scientists from academic and professional conservators, restorers who are involved in the conservation of artistic and historical artifacts, and those who want to learn how nanotechnology can increase the efficiency of conservation and protection techniques. - Cogently explains how nanotechnology is used in the preservation, protection and restoration of artworks - Explores the best nanomaterials for a variety of situations - Shows how nanomaterials can be used in restoration, for cleaning and in conservation treatments - Includes guidelines to prevent the misinterpretation of diagnostic data to help avoid misdiagnosis

Archaeological Chemistry

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Author : A Mark Pollard
language : en
Publisher: Royal Society of Chemistry
Release Date : 2007-10-31

Archaeological Chemistry written by A Mark Pollard and has been published by Royal Society of Chemistry this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2007-10-31 with Science categories.

The application of chemistry within archaeology is an important and fascinating area. It allows the archaeologist to answer such questions as "what is this artefact made of?", "where did it come from?" and "how has it been changed through burial in the ground?", providing pointers to the earliest history of mankind. Archaeological Chemistry begins with a brief description of the goals and history of archaeological science, and the place of chemistry within it. It sets out the most widely used analytical techniques in archaeology and compares them in the light of relevant applications. The book includes an analysis of several specific archaeological investigations in which chemistry has been employed in tracing the origins of or in preserving artefacts. The choice of these investigations conforms to themes based on analytical techniques, and includes chapters on obsidian, ceramics, glass, metals and resins. Finally, it suggests a future role for chemical and biochemical applications in archaeology. Archaeological Chemistry enables scientists to tackle the fundamental issues of chemical change in the archaeological materials, in order to advance the study of the past. It will prove an essential companion to students in archaeological science and chemistry, field and museum archaeologists, and all those involved in conserving human artefacts.

Guidelines For The Technical Examination Of Bronze Sculpture

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Author : David Bourgarit
language : en
Publisher: Getty Publications
Release Date : 2025-02-11

Guidelines For The Technical Examination Of Bronze Sculpture written by David Bourgarit and has been published by Getty Publications this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2025-02-11 with Art categories.

The essential reference for anyone engaged in the material study of cast bronze sculpture. Since the fourth millennium BCE, bronze has been the preferred medium for some of the most prestigious and sacred works of art. But only through interdisciplinary research can the fabrication of these extraordinary objects be properly investigated, interpreted, and documented. This innovative publication bridges the expertise of myriad art-technological specialists to create a new framework for advancing the understanding of bronze sculpture. Essential reading for curators, conservators, scientists, archaeologists, sculptors, metallurgists, founders, dealers, collectors, and anyone interested in the life cycle of a bronze, this volume explains how to identify the evidence of process steps, metals used, casting defects, and surface work and alterations before moving on to address analytical techniques ranging from visual exams to imaging, material analyses, and dating. The guidelines are accompanied by detailed illustrations, including videos, charts, and animations; a robust vocabulary, ensuring precision across English, German, French, Italian, and Chinese; a diverse selection of case studies; and a comprehensive bibliography. The free online edition of this open-access publication is available at getty.edu/publications/bronze-guidelines/ and includes videos and zoomable illustrations. Also available are free PDF and EPUB downloads of the book.

Plasma Technology In The Preservation And Cleaning Of Cultural Heritage Objects

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Author : Radko Tiňo
language : en
Publisher: CRC Press
Release Date : 2021-02-19

Plasma Technology In The Preservation And Cleaning Of Cultural Heritage Objects written by Radko Tiňo and has been published by CRC Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2021-02-19 with Science categories.

Scientists have long been looking for alternative methods for the cleaning of historical and cultural museum objects as conventional methods often fail to completely remove surface films, leaving contamination and surface residues behind. Low-temperature plasmas have recently been found to provide a new, efficient and durable approach that maintains the safety of both the materials and personnel. This book is the first to introduce the emerging use of low-temperature plasmas in the cleaning and decontamination of cultural heritage items. It provides a comprehensive exploration of the new possibilities of cleaning objects with plasma, before providing a practice guide to the individual cleaning methods and an overview of the technologies and conditions used in the different cleaning regimes. It is an ideal reference for researchers in plasma physics, in addition to professionals working in the field of historical and cultural conservation. Features: Provides a thorough overview of the cleaning potential of emerging plasma technologies in accessible language for professional restorers and conservators without a scientific background Includes the latest case studies from the field, which have not been published elsewhere yet Authored by a team of experts in the field