Metastable Systems Under Pressure
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Metastable Systems Under Pressure
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Author : Sylwester Rzoska
language : en
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Release Date : 2009-11-19
Metastable Systems Under Pressure written by Sylwester Rzoska and has been published by Springer Science & Business Media this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2009-11-19 with Science categories.
recently discovered advantages of amorphous forms of medicines/pharmaceutical products which focused a significant part of industry-related efforts on the GFA (Glass Forming Ability) and the glass temperature (T) versus pressure g dependences. 1 b ? 0 ? ? o ? P ? Pg P ? Pg 0 ? ? ? ? T (P ) = F (P )D (P ) =T 1 + exp ? g g ? 0 ? ? ? ? c + Pg ? ? ? ? 400 1 b 0 o ? ? ? ? P ? P P ? P g g 0 ? ? ? ? T (P ) = F (P )D (P ) =T 1 + exp ? g g 0 ? ? ? ? c ? + P max g ? ? ? ? T ~7 GPa g max P ~ 304 K Liquid g 300 1 HS glass 0 200 -1 mSG ?=0. 044 Liquid -2 100 -3 glass ?=0. 12 -1. 2 -0. 9 -0. 6 -0. 3 0. 0 log T 10 scaled -1 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 P (GPa) g 19 Figure 1. T he pressure evolution of the glass temperature in gl Th ye s cerol ol . id curve shows the parameterization of experimental data via the novel, modifie d Glat Sizm elon type equation, given in the Figure.
Soft Matter Systems For Biomedical Applications
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Author : Leonid Bulavin
language : en
Publisher: Springer Nature
Release Date : 2021-09-27
Soft Matter Systems For Biomedical Applications written by Leonid Bulavin and has been published by Springer Nature this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2021-09-27 with Science categories.
This book addresses new challenges in soft matter and colloids. It presents timely reports on colloidal self-assembly, soft matters from liquid crystals, nanoparticles in liquid crystals, hydrocolloids, hybrid nanosystems, nanosuspensions, and dispersion of nanoparticles in different media, soft matter processing and modern experiments related with soft matters.
Transport And Reactivity Of Solutions In Confined Hydrosystems
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Author : Lionel Mercury
language : en
Publisher: Springer
Release Date : 2013-11-12
Transport And Reactivity Of Solutions In Confined Hydrosystems written by Lionel Mercury and has been published by Springer this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2013-11-12 with Science categories.
The present work reflects a multi-disciplinary effort to address the topic of confined hydrosystems developed with a cross-fertilization panel of physics, chemists, biologists, soil and earth scientists. Confined hydrosystems include all situations in natural settings wherein the extent of the liquid phase is limited so that the solid-liquid and/or liquid-air interfaces may be critical to the properties of the whole system. Primarily, this so-called “residual” solution is occluded in pores/channels in such a way that decreases its tendency to evaporation, and makes it long-lasting in arid (Earth deserts) and hyper-arid (Mars soils) areas. The associated physics is available from domains like capillarity, adsorption and wetting, and surface forces. However, many processes are still to understand due to the close relationship between local structure and matter properties, the subtle interplay between the host and the guest, the complex intermingling among static reactivity and migration pathway. Expert contributors from Israel, Russia, Europe and US discuss the behaviour of water and aqueous solutes at different scale, from the nanometric range of carbon nanotubes and nanofluidics to the regional scale of aquifers reactive flow in sedimentary basins. This scientific scope allowed the group of participants with very different background to tackle the confinement topic at different scales. The book is organized according to four sections that include: i) flow, from nano- to mega-scale; ii) ions, hydration and transport; iii) in-pores/channels cavitation; iv) crystallization under confinement. Most of contributions relates to experimental works at different resolution, interpreted through classic thermodynamics and intermolecular forces. Simulation techniques are used to explore the atomic scale of interfaces and the migration in the thinnest angstrom-wide channels.
Nanostructured Materials By High Pressure Severe Plastic Deformation
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Author : Yuntian T. Zhu
language : en
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Release Date : 2006-01-20
Nanostructured Materials By High Pressure Severe Plastic Deformation written by Yuntian T. Zhu and has been published by Springer Science & Business Media this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2006-01-20 with Technology & Engineering categories.
Recently, it was reported that nanostructured materials processed under high pressure by HPT and ECAP have an extraordinary combination of both high strength and high ductility, which are two desirable, but rarely co-existing properties. These findings indicate that high-pressure is a critical factor that can be employed to process nanostructured materials with superior mechanical, and possibly also physical, properties. It is the objective of this workshop to review our current knowledge, identify issues for future research, and discuss future directions on the processing and properties of nanostructured materials via SPD techniques, with a special emphasis on high-pressure effects. The 42 peer-reviewed papers in this book cover areas of high pressure effect on the nanostructure and properties of SPD-processed materials, fundamentals of nanostructured materials, development of high-pressure SPD technologies for commercializations, recent advances of SPD technologies as well as applications and future markets of SPD-processed nanostructured materials.
Properties Of Water From Numerical And Experimental Perspectives
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Author : Fausto Martelli
language : en
Publisher: CRC Press
Release Date : 2022-10-20
Properties Of Water From Numerical And Experimental Perspectives written by Fausto Martelli and has been published by CRC Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2022-10-20 with Science categories.
As the most important liquid in our life and one of the most abundant molecules in the universe, water is the least understood substance with a very rich phase diagram (at least 18 crystalline forms and two liquids) and more that 60 dynamical/thermodynamic anomalies whose origins are still under debate. Properties of Water from Numerical and Experimental Perspectives gathers together leading scientists and experts in the field of water. By merging the theoretical/computational point of view with experimental approaches, it presents a state-of-the-art description of the properties of water, enlightening the source of the anomalies of water and describing how such anomalies actively affect the functioning of biological substances.
Crystallization As Studied By Broadband Dielectric Spectroscopy
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Author : Tiberio A. Ezquerra
language : en
Publisher: Springer Nature
Release Date : 2020-10-28
Crystallization As Studied By Broadband Dielectric Spectroscopy written by Tiberio A. Ezquerra and has been published by Springer Nature this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2020-10-28 with Science categories.
This book presents new approaches that offer a better characterization of the interrelationship between crystalline and amorphous phases. In recent years, the use of dielectric spectroscopy has significantly improved our understanding of crystallization. The combination of modern scattering methods, using either synchrotron light or neutrons and infrared spectroscopy with dielectrics, is now helping to reveal modifications of both crystalline and amorphous phases. In turn, this yields insights into the underlying physics of the crystallization process in various materials, e.g. polymers, liquid crystals and diverse liquids. The book offers an excellent introduction to a valuable application of dielectric spectroscopy, and a helpful guide for every scientist who wants to study crystallization processes by means of dielectric spectroscopy.
The Vitreous State
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Author : Ivan S. Gutzow
language : en
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Release Date : 2013-04-12
The Vitreous State written by Ivan S. Gutzow and has been published by Springer Science & Business Media this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2013-04-12 with Science categories.
This book summarizes the experimental evidence and modern classical and theoretical approaches in understanding the vitreous state, from structural problems, over equilibrium and non-equilibrium thermodynamics, to statistical physics. Glasses, and especially silicate glasses, are only the best known representatives of this particular physical state of matter. Other typical representatives include organic polymer glasses, and many other easily vitrifying organic and inorganic substances, technically important materials, amidst them vitreous water and vitrified aqueous solutions, and also many metallic alloy systems. Some of these systems only form glasses under particular conditions, e.g. through ultra-rapid cooling. This book describes the properties and the formation of both every-day technical glasses and especially of such more exotic forms of vitreous matter. It is a unique source of knowledge and new ideas for materials scientists, engineers and researchers working on condensed matter. The new edition emphasizes latest experimental findings and modern theories, explaining the kinetics of glass formation, the relaxation and stabilization of glasses and their crystallization in terms of new models, derived from the framework of the thermodynamics of irreversible processes. It shows how the properties of common technical glasses, window glass, or the vitreous ice kernel of comets can be used to develop a new understanding of the existence of matter in various, unusual forms. The described theories can even find application for the description of lasers and interesting unusual processes in the universe.
Salt Crystallization In Porous Media
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Author : Hannelore Derluyn
language : en
Publisher: John Wiley & Sons
Release Date : 2024-08-15
Salt Crystallization In Porous Media written by Hannelore Derluyn and has been published by John Wiley & Sons this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2024-08-15 with Science categories.
The crystallization of one or multiple salts in porous media (rocks, soils, building materials, etc.) is a subject of major interest in connection with numerous issues such as soil salinization, evaporation, CO2 injection into saline aquifers, the durability of building materials and the preservation of our cultural heritage. Salt Crystallization in Porous Media provides an interdisciplinary review of the key scientific knowledge required to understand this field of research, and illustrates the issues involved through a series of concrete examples. This book has been written for students completing their Master’s level degree or higher in the field, as well as researchers and engineers interested in this research. It may also be of interest to a wider readership, as certain sections can be used to illustrate basic concepts, reaching beyond the subject of salt crystallization itself.
Sonochemistry Cavitation
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Author : Margulis
language : en
Publisher: CRC Press
Release Date : 1995-11-30
Sonochemistry Cavitation written by Margulis and has been published by CRC Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1995-11-30 with Science categories.
Sonochemistry and cavitation are rapidly increasing in importance in modern chemistry as a result of many significant achievements made in recent years. In this current and comprehensive text, the author clearly details and illustrates these developments as well as the fundamental concepts. Much attention is given to the fundamental problems, such as the general kinetics of sonochemical reactions: energetic yields; the principles of the cavitation diffusion theory; the place of acoustic energy among other physical methods of action on matter; and the new electrical theory of cavitation phenomena, sonochemical reactions and sonoluminescence initiation (the theory developed by Professor Margulis). Results of low-frequency acoustic fields investigations are also observed. Special attention is given to the influence of acoustic fields on chemical reactions in nonaqueous systems, catalytic processes and the initiation of oscillating reactions. This publication is designed to broaden the application of ultrasound in chemical technology and improve the efficiency of existing production processes. Its comprehensiveness makes it a practical handbook which will prove invaluable to a broad readership amongst chemistry, engineering and physics undergraduates, graduates, researchers, and industrialists working in the fields of sonochemistry, ultrasonic and chemical technology, high energy chemistry, acoustics and biology.
Introduction To Phase Equilibria In Ceramic Systems
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Author : Hummel
language : en
Publisher: Routledge
Release Date : 2018-05-02
Introduction To Phase Equilibria In Ceramic Systems written by Hummel and has been published by Routledge this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2018-05-02 with Science categories.
Written by a leading practitioner and teacher in the field of ceramic science and engineering, this outstanding text provides advanced undergraduate- and graduate-level students with a comprehensive, up-to-date Introduction to Phase Equilibria in Ceramic Systems. Building upon a concise definition of the phase rule, the book logically proceeds from one- and two-component systems through increasingly complex systems, enabling students to utilize the phase rule in real applications. Unique because of its emphasis on phase diagrams, timely because of the rising importance of ceramic applications, practical because of its pedagogical approach, Introduction to Phase Equilibria in Ceramic Systems offers end-of-chapter review problems, extensive reading lists, a solid thermodynamic foundation and clear perspectives on the special properties of ceramics as compared to metals.This authoritative volume fills a broad gap in the literature, helping undergraduate- and graduate-level students of ceramic engineering and materials science to approach this demanding subject in a rational, confident fashion. In addition, Introduction to Phase Equilibria in Ceramic Systems serves as a valuable supplement to undergraduate-level metallurgy programs.