Meteorological And Air Quality Models For Urban Areas
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Meteorological And Air Quality Models For Urban Areas
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Author : Alexander Baklanov
language : en
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Release Date : 2009-07-26
Meteorological And Air Quality Models For Urban Areas written by Alexander Baklanov and has been published by Springer Science & Business Media this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2009-07-26 with Science categories.
This book for the first time gives an overall view of the current situation in urbanization of meteorological and air quality models around the world. It discusses and makes recommendations on the best practice and strategy for urbanization of different types of meteorological and air quality models. Based on the selected presentations given at the COST728 workshop, the contributions are arranged in four parts: urban morphology and databases; parameterizations of urban canopy; strategy for urbanization of different types of models; and evaluation and city case studies / field studies. The chapters treat either dynamic (on wind and turbulent) and thermal effects (on temperature and energy in general). The final chapter of this volume summarizes the discussion and conclusions from the four main topics and provides recommendations and future requirements. This monograph is oriented towards numerical weather prediction and air quality modelling communities.
Urban Meteorology
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Author : National Research Council
language : en
Publisher: National Academies Press
Release Date : 2012-06-13
Urban Meteorology written by National Research Council and has been published by National Academies Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2012-06-13 with Science categories.
According to the United Nations, three out of five people will be living in cities worldwide by the year 2030. The United States continues to experience urbanization with its vast urban corridors on the east and west coasts. Although urban weather is driven by large synoptic and meso-scale features, weather events unique to the urban environment arise from the characteristics of the typical urban setting, such as large areas covered by buildings of a variety of heights; paved streets and parking areas; means to supply electricity, natural gas, water, and raw materials; and generation of waste heat and materials. Urban Meteorology: Forecasting, Monitoring, and Meeting Users' Needs is based largely on the information provided at a Board on Atmospheric Sciences and Climate community workshop. This book describes the needs for end user communities, focusing in particular on needs that are not being met by current urban-level forecasting and monitoring. Urban Meteorology also describes current and emerging meteorological forecasting and monitoring capabilities that have had and will likely have the most impact on urban areas, some of which are not being utilized by the relevant end user communities. Urban Meteorology explains that users of urban meteorological information need high-quality information available in a wide variety of formats that foster its use and within time constraints set by users' decision processes. By advancing the science and technology related to urban meteorology with input from key end user communities, urban meteorologists can better meet the needs of diverse end users. To continue the advancement within the field of urban meteorology, there are both short-term needs-which might be addressed with small investments but promise large, quick returns-as well as future challenges that could require significant efforts and investments.
Air Quality In Cities
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Author : Nicolas Moussiopoulos
language : en
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Release Date : 2013-11-11
Air Quality In Cities written by Nicolas Moussiopoulos and has been published by Springer Science & Business Media this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2013-11-11 with Science categories.
Urban areas are major sources of air pollution. Pollutant emissions affecting air quality in cities are considered to have adverse consequences for human health. Public and government concern about environmental issues arising from urban air pollution has increased over the last decades. The urban air pollution problem is widespread throughout the world and it is important to find ways of eliminating or at least reducing the risks for human health. The fundamentals of the physical and chemical processes occurring during air pollutant transport in the atmosphere are nowadays understood to a large extent. In particular, modelling of such processes has experienced a remarkable growth in the last decades. Monitoring capabilities have also improved markedly in the most urban areas around the world. However, neither modelling nor monitoring can solve urban air pollution problems, as they are only a first step in improving useful information for future regulations. The defining of efficient control strategies can not be achieved without a clear knowledge of the complete pollution process, i.e. emission, atmospheric transport and transformation, and deposition at the receptor. Improving our ability to establish valid urban scale source-receptor relation ships has been the objective of SA TURN, one of the 14 subprojects of EURO TRAC-2. Similar to the other subprojects of this co-ordinated environmental pro ject within the EUREKA initiative, SA TURN brought together international groups of scientists to work on problems directly related to atmospheric chemistry and physics. The present volume summarises the scientific results of SATURN.
Air Pollution Modeling And Its Application Xxvi
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Author : Clemens Mensink
language : en
Publisher: Springer Nature
Release Date : 2019-11-23
Air Pollution Modeling And Its Application Xxvi written by Clemens Mensink and has been published by Springer Nature this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2019-11-23 with Science categories.
Current developments in air pollution modeling are explored as a series of contributions from researchers at the forefront of their field. This newest contribution on air pollution modeling and its application is focused on local, urban, regional and intercontinental modeling; emission modeling and processing; data assimilation and air quality forecasting; model assessment and evaluation; atmospheric aerosols. Additionally, this work also examines the relationship between air quality and human health and the effects of climate change on air quality. This work is a collection of selected papers presented at the 36th International Technical Meeting on Air Pollution Modeling and its Application, held in Ottawa, Canada, May 14-18, 2018. The book is intended as reference material for students and professors interested in air pollution modeling at the graduate level as well as researchers and professionals involved in developing and utilizing air pollution models.
Air Pollution Modeling And Its Application Xxiii
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Author : Douw Steyn
language : en
Publisher: Springer
Release Date : 2014-05-09
Air Pollution Modeling And Its Application Xxiii written by Douw Steyn and has been published by Springer this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2014-05-09 with Science categories.
Recent developments in air pollution modelling are explored as a series of contributions from researchers at the forefront of their field. This newest contribution on air pollution modelling and its application is focused on local, urban, regional and intercontinental modelling; data assimilation and air quality forecasting; model assessment and evaluation; aerosol transformation. Additionally, this work also examines the relationship between air quality and human health and the effects of climate change on air quality. The work derives from a series of papers presented at the 33rd International Technical Meeting on Air Pollution Modelling and its Application held in Miami, USA, August 27 - 31, 2013. The book is intended as reference material for students and professors interested in air pollution modelling at the graduate level as well as researchers and professionals involved in developing and utilizing air pollution models.
Urban Air Quality Measurement Modelling And Management
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Author : Ranjeet S. Sokhi
language : en
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Release Date : 2011-06-28
Urban Air Quality Measurement Modelling And Management written by Ranjeet S. Sokhi and has been published by Springer Science & Business Media this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2011-06-28 with Science categories.
Since the first international conference on urban air quality, held at the University ofHertfordshire in 1996, significant advances have taken place in the field of urban air pollution. In addition to the scientific advances in the measurement, modelling and management of urban air quality, significant progress has been achieved in relation to the establishment of major frameworks to ensure a more effective mechanism for international collaboration. Two such frameworks are SATURN (Studying Atmospheric Pollution in Urban Areas) and TRAPOS (Optimisation of Modelling Methods for Traffic Pollution in Streets). In response to such advances, the second international conference was held at the Technical University of Madrid in March 1999 with active participation of SATURN and TRAPOS investigators. The organisation of the conference was headed by the Institute of Physics in collaboration with the Technical University of Madrid and the University of Hertfordshire. The support of IUAPPA and AWMA ensured a truly worldwide promotion and participation. The meeting attracted 140 scientists from 26 different countries establishing it as a major forum for exchanging and discussing the latest research fmdings in this field.
Interregional Air Pollution Modelling
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Author : S. Zwerver
language : en
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Release Date : 2012-12-06
Interregional Air Pollution Modelling written by S. Zwerver and has been published by Springer Science & Business Media this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2012-12-06 with Science categories.
The North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO) established the "Committee on the Challenges of Modern Society" (CCMS) at the November 1969 meeting of the North Atlantic Council. The CCMS was charged with developing meaningful environmen tal and social programs that complement other international pro grams, and with showing leadership, first, in solution of exist ing problems and, second, in development of long-range goals for environmental protection in the NATO sphere of influence and in other countries as well. A first Pilot Study on Air Pollution was initiated by the CCMS at its inaugural meeting in December 1969. It resulted in documents about the definition of criteria for the effects of air pollutants as well as the development of assess ment methods for air quality in urban areas. A second Air Pollution Pilot Study (1975-1979) worked out the basics for setting up assessment methods for emissions inven tories, techniques for the practical application of meteorologi cal diffusion models as well as the development of guidelines for an Air Quality Management System (AQMS). Within this second Air Pollution Pilot Study attention to modelling concentrated on the Gaussian Plume Model. A third Pilot Study on Air Pollution Control Strategies and Impact Modelling then was initiated in 1979 and started in 1980.
Three Dimensional Micro Meteorological Modeling In Urban Areas
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Author : Yongfeng Qu
language : en
Publisher: Nova Science Publishers
Release Date : 2015
Three Dimensional Micro Meteorological Modeling In Urban Areas written by Yongfeng Qu and has been published by Nova Science Publishers this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2015 with Meteorology categories.
Local atmospheric simulations of real city neighborhoods are important to study for urban climate, thermal and wind comfort, and local air quality, including pollution hot spots such as tunnel heads, near a motorway or a busy crossing. When the wind is weak, the thermal and radiative effects become more important together with flow stratification that can inhibit turbulence and mixing in some conditions. In order to take into account atmospheric radiation and the thermal effects of the buildings in simulations of atmospheric flow and pollutant dispersion in urban areas, a three-dimensional atmospheric thermal-radiative scheme in the atmospheric module of the open-source Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) model has been developed. The simulation of realistic atmospheric conditions in urban areas made possible by this work can be used for various applications. The author describes the development of this model and presents several results by comparing field data.
Urban Air Quality Monitoring And Modelling
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Author : Ranjeet S. Sokhi
language : en
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Release Date : 2012-12-06
Urban Air Quality Monitoring And Modelling written by Ranjeet S. Sokhi and has been published by Springer Science & Business Media this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2012-12-06 with Science categories.
The increasing concern over environmental and health impact of urban air pollution has lead to a growing need for an international conference focussing specifically on urbanised regions. Although, air quality has gained importance through out the world, it is especially in areas of high urban development that the problems are particularly acute. Scientific interest in this field is particularly evident from the growing number of journal publications and conference presentations. The numerous conferences held every year on air pollution, however, have tended to encompass a broad theme and have not specifically focussed on the urban environment. In order to address this need an international conference on urban air quality was organised by the Environmental Physics Group of the Institute of Physics in collaboration with the Royal Society of Chemistry (RSC), The Royal Meteorological Society (RMS) and the National Society for Clean Air and Environmental Protection (NSCA). Over 100 participants from various countries attended this first international conference on urban air quality. The aim of the conference was to provide a forum for open scientific discussion on the latest advances in the field of urban air quality monitoring and modelling. The range of topics included: chemical and biogenic pollutants, monitoring techniques, instrumentation, analysis of pollutants, spatial and temporal interpretation of air quality data, emission sources and modelling of air quality. All papers submitted for publication were peer reviewed and consequently, some articles were not successful in the refereeing process and have not been included in this special issue.
Air Pollution Modeling And Its Application Xxii
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Author : Douw G. Steyn
language : en
Publisher: Springer
Release Date : 2013-10-04
Air Pollution Modeling And Its Application Xxii written by Douw G. Steyn and has been published by Springer this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2013-10-04 with Science categories.
Recent developments in air pollution modeling and its application are explored here in contributions by researchers at the forefront of their field. The book is focused on local, urban, regional and intercontinental modeling; data assimilation and air quality forecasting; model assessment and evaluation; aerosol transformation; the relationship between air quality and human health and the interaction between climate change and air quality. The work will provide useful reference material for students and professors interested in air pollution modeling at the graduate level as well as researchers and professionals involved in developing and utilizing air pollution models.