Methods For Capacity Allocation In Deregulated Railway Markets
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Methods For Capacity Allocation In Deregulated Railway Markets
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Author : Abderrahman Ait Ali
language : en
Publisher: Linköping University Electronic Press
Release Date : 2020-10-01
Methods For Capacity Allocation In Deregulated Railway Markets written by Abderrahman Ait Ali and has been published by Linköping University Electronic Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2020-10-01 with categories.
Faced with increasing challenges, railways around Europe have recently undergone major reforms aiming to improve the efficiency and competitiveness of the railway sector. New market structures such as vertical separation, deregulation and open access can allow for reduced public expenditures, increased market competition, and more efficient railway systems. However, these structures have introduced new challenges for managing infrastructure and operations. Railway capacity allocation, previously internally performed within monopolistic national companies, are now conferred to an infrastructure manager. The manager is responsible for transparent and efficient allocation of available capacity to the different (often competing) licensed railway undertakings. This thesis aims at developing a number of methods that can help allocate capacity in a deregulated (vertically separated) railway market. It focuses on efficiency in terms of social welfare, and transparency in terms of clarity and fairness. The work is concerned with successive allocation of capacity for publicly controlled and commercial traffic within a segmented railway market. The contributions include cost benefit analysis methods that allow public transport authorities to assess the social welfare of their traffic, and create efficient schedules. The thesis also describes a market-based transparent capacity allocation where infrastructure managers price commercial train paths to solve capacity conflicts with publicly controlled traffic. Additionally, solution methods are developed to help estimate passenger demand, which is a necessary input both for resolving conflicts, and for creating efficient timetables. Future capacity allocation in deregulated markets may include solution methods from this thesis. However, further experimentations are still required to address concerns such as data, legislation and acceptability. Moreover, future works can include prototyping and pilot projects on the proposed solutions, and investigating legal and digitalisation strategies to facilitate the implementation of such solutions. Med ökande utmaningar har järnvägar runt om i Europa genomgått stora reformer som syftar till att förbättra järnvägssektorns effektivitet och konkurrenskraft. Nya marknadsstrukturer såsom vertikal separering, avreglering och öppet tillträde för flera operatörer kan möjliggöra minskade offentliga kostnader, ökad marknadskonkurrens och effektivare järnvägssystem. Denna omreglering av järnvägsmarknaderna har dock skapat nya utmaningar för hanteringen av järnvägsinfrastruktur och drift. Tilldelning av järnvägskapacitet, vilket tidigare sköttes inom nationella monopolföretag, måste nu göras av en infrastrukturförvaltare (infrastructure manager). Förvaltarens kapacitetstilldelning till olika (ofta konkurrerande) licensierade järnvägsföretag (railway undertakings) måste samtidigt vara transparent, rättvis och leda till ett effektivt kapacitetsutnyttjande. I denna avhandling utvecklas metoder som kan användas av en infrastrukturförvaltare för att tilldela kapacitet i en avreglerad järnvägsmarknad. Den fokuserar på samhällsekonomiskt effektiva utfall men även transparens, tydlighet och rättvisa. Avhandlingens bidrag omfattar samhällsekonomiska analysmetoder som gör det möjligt för regionala kollektivtrafikmyndigheter att bedöma den samhällsekonomiska effektiviteten för deras trafikering och skapa ett effektivt utbud. Med dessa metoder som utgångspunkt beskrivs en marknadsbaserad och transparent tilldelningsprocess för kapacitet där infrastrukturförvaltare prissätter kommersiella tåglägen för att lösa kapacitetskonflikter med offentligt kontrollerad trafik. Dessutom utvecklas optimeringsmetoder för att estimera passagerarefterfrågan och för att skapa effektiva tågtidtabeller. Framtida kapacitetstilldelning på avreglerade marknader kan inkludera lösningsmetoder från denna avhandling. Ytterligare experiment krävs dock fortfarande för att hantera problem såsom data, lagstiftning och godtagbarhet. Dessutom kan framtida arbete omfatta prototyper och pilotprojekt av de föreslagna lösningarna och undersöka lagliga och digitaliseringsstrategier för att underlätta implementeringen av sådana lösningar.
International Encyclopedia Of Transportation
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Author :
language : en
Publisher: Elsevier
Release Date : 2021-05-13
International Encyclopedia Of Transportation written by and has been published by Elsevier this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2021-05-13 with Law categories.
In an increasingly globalised world, despite reductions in costs and time, transportation has become even more important as a facilitator of economic and human interaction; this is reflected in technical advances in transportation systems, increasing interest in how transportation interacts with society and the need to provide novel approaches to understanding its impacts. This has become particularly acute with the impact that Covid-19 has had on transportation across the world, at local, national and international levels. Encyclopedia of Transportation, Seven Volume Set - containing almost 600 articles - brings a cross-cutting and integrated approach to all aspects of transportation from a variety of interdisciplinary fields including engineering, operations research, economics, geography and sociology in order to understand the changes taking place. Emphasising the interaction between these different aspects of research, it offers new solutions to modern-day problems related to transportation. Each of its nine sections is based around familiar themes, but brings together the views of experts from different disciplinary perspectives. Each section is edited by a subject expert who has commissioned articles from a range of authors representing different disciplines, different parts of the world and different social perspectives. The nine sections are structured around the following themes: Transport Modes; Freight Transport and Logistics; Transport Safety and Security; Transport Economics; Traffic Management; Transport Modelling and Data Management; Transport Policy and Planning; Transport Psychology; Sustainability and Health Issues in Transportation. Some articles provide a technical introduction to a topic whilst others provide a bridge between topics or a more future-oriented view of new research areas or challenges. The end result is a reference work that offers researchers and practitioners new approaches, new ways of thinking and novel solutions to problems. All-encompassing and expertly authored, this outstanding reference work will be essential reading for all students and researchers interested in transportation and its global impact in what is a very uncertain world. Provides a forward looking and integrated approach to transportation Updated with future technological impacts, such as self-driving vehicles, cyber-physical systems and big data analytics Includes comprehensive coverage Presents a worldwide approach, including sets of comparative studies and applications
Computers In Railways Xiii
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Author : C. A. Brebbia
language : en
Publisher: WIT Press
Release Date : 2013
Computers In Railways Xiii written by C. A. Brebbia and has been published by WIT Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2013 with Transportation categories.
Containing the proceedings of the Thirteenth International Conference on Design and Operation in Railway Engineering, this book presents the latest developments in the use of computer-based techniques in the design and operation of railways. The COMPRAIL conference series serves as the forum for major advances in this important field. The book covers such topics as Advanced Train Control; Planning; Timetable Planning; Rescheduling; Risk Management; Safety and Security; Maglev and High-speed Railways; Traffic Control and Safety of High-speed Railways; Metro and Other Transit Systems; Communications and Signalling; Energy Supply and Consumption; Driverless and Automatic Train Operation; Operations Quality; Computer Techniques and Simulations; Railway Vehicle Dynamics; Dynamics and Wheel/Rail Interface; Monitoring and Maintenance; Crack, Damage and Fatigue Problems.The book will be of interest to railway managers, consultants, railway engineers (including signal and control engineers), designers of advanced train control systems and computer specialists
Towards Innovative Freight And Logistics
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Author : Corinne Blanquart
language : en
Publisher: John Wiley & Sons
Release Date : 2016-06-15
Towards Innovative Freight And Logistics written by Corinne Blanquart and has been published by John Wiley & Sons this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2016-06-15 with Technology & Engineering categories.
Freight transport faces a dual challenge: it must satisfy the demands of globalized trade and meet environmental requirements. In this context, innovation is a crucial topic to enable the transition from the current transportation and logistics system to a sustainable system. This book provides an overview of the latest technological innovations in Europe and worldwide, based on ICT and new vehicle concepts, for all modes and all scales (urban, regional, national or international). The authors consider innovation supply, the process of innovation and innovative business models. Some perspectives and solutions are proposed on the deployment of innovation, specifically concerning the transformation of the organization of the system and the relationships between industry, governmental players, operators and users.
Microscopic Traffic Simulation Of Automated Driving
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Author : Ivan Postigo
language : en
Publisher: Linköping University Electronic Press
Release Date : 2025-02-25
Microscopic Traffic Simulation Of Automated Driving written by Ivan Postigo and has been published by Linköping University Electronic Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2025-02-25 with categories.
The introduction of automated driving systems (ADSs) in road transportation systems will affect the traffic flow characteristics, and have ripple effects which will lead to larger societal implications. The traffic flow is characterized by speed, density, and vehicular throughput, which determine the road capacity and the traffic performance in terms of, among others, travel times and delays. A tool used to study traffic flow dynamics and analyze traffic performance is microscopic traffic simulation, which works by describing the interactions between road users to simulate observed traffic phenomena. To use microscopic traffic simulation to evaluate the impact of ADSs on traffic performance, driving models need to be able to simulate driving decisions and behavioral patterns of ADSs. Driving models have been proposed specifically for ADSs, however, it remains to be validated whether these driving models when used in combination with traditional human driving models adequately simulate mixed traffic that includes human drivers and ADSs. Ideally, a clear interpretation of the behavioral assumptions for each type of vehicle should be possible, as these determine the simulation results. However, it is challenging to compare behavioral assumptions when using different driving models to describe different vehicle types. Empirical research has validated that some driving models, such as the intelligent driver car-following model (IDM), are well-suited for describing both human or automated driving when calibrated with the proper data. The aim of this thesis is two fold: to further develop microscopic traffic simulation for the study of mixed traffic, and to evaluate the effects of mixed traffic on motorway traffic performance. To enhance the modeling of mixed traffic, a model for perception is proposed which allows the explicit inclusion of perception errors in driving decisions. Its use, in combination with driving models capable of describing both human and automated driving, enables to make distinctions between human drivers and ADSs both in perception capabilities and in driving behavior. This modeling approach focuses on describing essential differences to simulate mixed traffic and removes risks involved in using different driving models. Simulation experiments are conducted using state-of-the-art tools to evaluate the modeling of perception errors on traffic flow dynamics and to evaluate the effects of mixed traffic on motorway traffic performance.
International Deregulation And Privatization
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Author : Christian Campbell
language : en
Publisher: BRILL
Release Date : 2021-10-01
International Deregulation And Privatization written by Christian Campbell and has been published by BRILL this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2021-10-01 with Law categories.
Issues vital to private investors, from competition law to tax aspects, are surveyed here by accountants and lawyers from throughout the EU. The text shows the extent to which deregulation, or "liberalization," of industrial sectors in the member states of the European Union (EU) has impacted beyond the economies and financial markets of Europe. As more sectors of the European economy open to private participants, the effect on the aviation, rail, insurance, telecommunications, and utilities sectors, as this insightful text shows, will continue to intensify dramatically. Published under the Transnational Publishers imprint.
Options For Reforming The Railway Sector A Comparison Of Sweden The Uk Japan And Germany
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Author : Adam Fularz
language : en
Publisher: Merkuriusz Polski ("Wieczorna.pl sp. z o.o.")
Release Date :
Options For Reforming The Railway Sector A Comparison Of Sweden The Uk Japan And Germany written by Adam Fularz and has been published by Merkuriusz Polski ("Wieczorna.pl sp. z o.o.") this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on with categories.
Railways were often described as an example of a natural monopoly. Their market structure was historically constructed as a monopoly, and strongly influenced by tight governmental regulation. Railways have been one of the most heavily regulated sectors of the economy almost all the time throughout its history.
Reforming The Railway Sector Sweden The Uk Japan And Germany
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Author : Adam Fularz
language : en
Publisher: Merkuriusz Polski ("Wieczorna.pl sp. z o.o.")
Release Date :
Reforming The Railway Sector Sweden The Uk Japan And Germany written by Adam Fularz and has been published by Merkuriusz Polski ("Wieczorna.pl sp. z o.o.") this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on with categories.
Wydawnictwo Gazety Poselskiej
Organizing And Reorganizing Markets
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Author : Nils Brunsson
language : en
Publisher: Oxford University Press
Release Date : 2018
Organizing And Reorganizing Markets written by Nils Brunsson and has been published by Oxford University Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2018 with Business & Economics categories.
The difference between markets and organizations is often exaggerated. In this book empirical examples are used for describing and analyzing how markets are organized, and the similarities and differences between market organization and the organization of formal organizations.
Sustainable Railway Futures
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Author : Becky P.Y. Loo
language : en
Publisher: Routledge
Release Date : 2016-03-03
Sustainable Railway Futures written by Becky P.Y. Loo and has been published by Routledge this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2016-03-03 with Business & Economics categories.
Revitalizing railways as a major sustainable transport mode in modern societies faces many issues and challenges. This in-depth overview places the importance of railways in the wider context of comprehensive sustainability, which encompasses sustainable development, social and economic equity and community livability. Some scholars have described the 21st century as a period of renaissance for railways and suggest this transport mode can fulfil people's desire for high mobility with low negative environmental, social, economic and financial impacts. In light of these new expectations for railways, in both passenger and freight transport worldwide, this book offers the latest research insights on the renewed interest about railway expansions and their wide-ranging environmental, socio-economic and even political implications.