Methods Measures And Theories In Eyewitness Identification Tasks
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Methods Measures And Theories In Eyewitness Identification Tasks
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Author : Andrew M. Smith
language : en
Publisher: Routledge
Release Date : 2021-02-25
Methods Measures And Theories In Eyewitness Identification Tasks written by Andrew M. Smith and has been published by Routledge this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2021-02-25 with Law categories.
Methods, Measures, and Theories in Eyewitness Recognition Tasks provides a comprehensive review of the fundamental issues surrounding eyewitness recognition phenomena alongside suggestions for developing a more methodologically rigorous eyewitness science. Over the past 40 years, the field of eyewitness science has seen substantial advancement in eyewitness identification procedures, yet theoretical and methodological developments have fallen behind. Featuring contributions from prominent international scholars, this book examines methodological and theoretical limitations and explores important topics, including how to increase the accuracy of identifying perpetrators when using CCTV images, how to create more identifiable facial composites, and the differences in accuracy between younger and older eyewitnesses. Providing in-depth discussion on the limitations of traditional lineups, eyewitness memory fallibility, and the complications that arise when using laboratory simulations, along with suggestions for new methods, this book will be an invaluable resource for researchers in eyewitness recognition, lawyers, players in the criminal justice system, members of innocence commissions, and researchers with interests in cognitive psychology.
Methods Measures And Theories In Eyewitness Identification Tasks
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Author : Andrew M. Smith
language : en
Publisher: Taylor & Francis
Release Date : 2021-02-25
Methods Measures And Theories In Eyewitness Identification Tasks written by Andrew M. Smith and has been published by Taylor & Francis this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2021-02-25 with Law categories.
Methods, Measures, and Theories in Eyewitness Recognition Tasks provides a comprehensive review of the fundamental issues surrounding eyewitness recognition phenomena alongside suggestions for developing a more methodologically rigorous eyewitness science. Over the past 40 years, the field of eyewitness science has seen substantial advancement in eyewitness identification procedures, yet theoretical and methodological developments have fallen behind. Featuring contributions from prominent international scholars, this book examines methodological and theoretical limitations and explores important topics, including how to increase the accuracy of identifying perpetrators when using CCTV images, how to create more identifiable facial composites, and the differences in accuracy between younger and older eyewitnesses. Providing in-depth discussion on the limitations of traditional lineups, eyewitness memory fallibility, and the complications that arise when using laboratory simulations, along with suggestions for new methods, this book will be an invaluable resource for researchers in eyewitness recognition, lawyers, players in the criminal justice system, members of innocence commissions, and researchers with interests in cognitive psychology.
Interdisciplinary Perspectives And Advances In Understanding Adaptive Memory
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Author :
language : en
Publisher: Oxford University Press
Release Date : 2024-09-11
Interdisciplinary Perspectives And Advances In Understanding Adaptive Memory written by and has been published by Oxford University Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2024-09-11 with Psychology categories.
Interdisciplinary Perspectives and Advances in Understanding Adaptive Memory presents the latest theories and research on what is known about adaptive memory, often referred to as survival memory. Conceptually, this is the study of memory systems that evolved to aid remembering survival and fitness-relevant information. In this volume survival is contextualized from many converging perspectives within psychology, including comparative psychology. Therefore, adaptive memory in animals, especially non-human primates, is covered in one of the book's four sections. The unification of viewpoints is achieved thematically, stemming from forensic science, cognitive neuroscience, biology, computer science, and anthropology. This interdisciplinary approach binds the chapters together and facilitates an integrative analysis of adaptive-survival memory in the concluding chapter.
Research Handbook On Law And Psychology
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Author : Rebecca Hollander-Blumoff
language : en
Publisher: Edward Elgar Publishing
Release Date : 2024-08-06
Research Handbook On Law And Psychology written by Rebecca Hollander-Blumoff and has been published by Edward Elgar Publishing this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2024-08-06 with Law categories.
This Research Handbook presents a kaleidoscopic view of law and psychology as a multidisciplinary field of study and explores major themes at the intersection of these two scholarly traditions. Adopting an expansive approach, it examines important topics including theories of justice, morality, and legitimacy; social norms; system justification theory; and the role of emotion within law.
When Face Recognition Goes Wrong
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Author : Catriona Havard
language : en
Publisher: Taylor & Francis
Release Date : 2024-10-29
When Face Recognition Goes Wrong written by Catriona Havard and has been published by Taylor & Francis this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2024-10-29 with Psychology categories.
When Face Recognition Goes Wrong explores the myriad ways that humans and machines make mistakes in facial recognition. Adopting a critical stance throughout, the book explores why and how humans and machines make mistakes, covering topics including racial and gender biases, neuropsychological disorders, and widespread algorithm problems. The book features personal anecdotes alongside real-world examples to showcase the often life-changing consequences of facial recognition going wrong. These range from problems with everyday social interactions through to eyewitness identification leading to miscarriages of justice and border control passport verification. Concluding with a look to the future of facial recognition, the author asks the world’s leading experts what are the big questions that still need to be answered, and can we train humans and machines to be super recognisers? This book is a must-read for anyone interested in facial recognition, or in psychology, criminal justice and law.
Advances In Psychology And Law
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Author : Brian H. Bornstein
language : en
Publisher: Springer Nature
Release Date : 2022-10-25
Advances In Psychology And Law written by Brian H. Bornstein and has been published by Springer Nature this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2022-10-25 with Psychology categories.
This edited volume presents nine new state-of-the-science chapters covering topics relevant to psychology and law, from established and emerging researchers in the field. Relevant to researchers, clinical practitioners, and policy makers, topics include discussions of rape and sexual assault, eyewitness identification, body-worn cameras, forensic gait analysis, evaluations and assessments, veteran’s experiences, therapeutic animals and wrongful convictions.
Face Perception
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Author : Andy Young
language : en
Publisher: Taylor & Francis
Release Date : 2023-12-15
Face Perception written by Andy Young and has been published by Taylor & Francis this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2023-12-15 with Psychology categories.
Human faces are unique biological structures that convey a complex variety of important social messages. Even strangers can tell things from our faces – our feelings, our locus of attention, something of what we are saying, our age, sex, and ethnic group, whether they find us attractive or approachable. Face Perception, second edition, has been thoroughly updated throughout, providing an up-to-date, integrative summary by two authors who have helped to develop and shape the field. The book begins with the foundations of face perception before considering what is known about how we see different things in faces. It concludes with a discussion of how face perception relates to wider questions involving interpersonal perception and re-examines the question of what makes faces ‘special’. The importance of integrating different research perspectives and asking critical theoretical questions is emphasised throughout, to develop a distinctive point of view of the area. Written in a clear and accessible style, this is invaluable reading for all students and researchers interested in studying face perception and social cognition.
The Impact Of Internal And External Influences On Memory And Their Relevance To Legal Decisions
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Author : Fabiana Battista
language : en
Publisher: Frontiers Media SA
Release Date : 2024-08-02
The Impact Of Internal And External Influences On Memory And Their Relevance To Legal Decisions written by Fabiana Battista and has been published by Frontiers Media SA this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2024-08-02 with Science categories.
The fallibility of memory has been often demonstrated. A plethora of studies has focused on external influences that can affect memory reports, such as suggestive questioning. Adopting different paradigms (e.g., misinformation, memory conformity), the recurrent pattern of findings of these studies is that suggestion can make people prone to falsely recall details that were never experienced (i.e., commission errors, false details). In addition, suggestion can make them unable to recall truly experienced events or event-related details. However, internal influences can also affect memory. One such internal influence is deception. In the last decade, several studies have investigated how memory can be affected by deception. Specifically, these studies have shown that a person who has intentionally deceived the listener about an experienced event, subsequently when the person comes forward with the truth shows an impaired memory for such an event. This line of research examined the detrimental effects on memory by taking into account different strategies to deceive (e.g., false denials, feigned amnesia, and fabrication) and found that the memory outcomes due to deception can vary based on the strategy used to deceive. A number of studies has also demonstrated that another type of deception - known as self-deception - can influence our memory. This strategy relies on the act of deceiving our own selves and seems to reduce the recall of negative memories. The understanding of the effects of external (e.g., suggestion) and internal (e.g., deception, self-deception) on memory is important, not only in order to gain more fundamental information on how memory works, but also because of the relevance of memory functioning within the legal context. Memory distortions, for example, inaccurate eyewitness testimony, can lead to impactful legal decisions, such as wrongful convictions. Several studies have underlined the harmful consequences of distorted statements. Additional support is found in databases from various worldwide associations who strive to obtain fair justice for people involved in wrongful convictions cases (for instance, www.innocenceproject.org). Therefore, it is important that researchers continue to provide evidence on the mnemonic impact of internal and external factors that influence legal practitioners to help avoid miscarriages of justice.
Identifying The Culprit
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Author : National Research Council
language : en
Publisher: National Academies Press
Release Date : 2015-01-16
Identifying The Culprit written by National Research Council and has been published by National Academies Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2015-01-16 with Law categories.
Identifying the Culprit: Assessing Eyewitness Identification makes the case that better data collection and research on eyewitness identification, new law enforcement training protocols, standardized procedures for administering line-ups, and improvements in the handling of eyewitness identification in court can increase the chances that accurate identifications are made. This report explains the science that has emerged during the past 30 years on eyewitness identifications and identifies best practices in eyewitness procedures for the law enforcement community and in the presentation of eyewitness evidence in the courtroom. In order to continue the advancement of eyewitness identification research, the report recommends a focused research agenda.
Forensic Psychology
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Author : David A. Crighton
language : en
Publisher: John Wiley & Sons
Release Date : 2021-05-04
Forensic Psychology written by David A. Crighton and has been published by John Wiley & Sons this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2021-05-04 with Psychology categories.
FORENSIC PSYCHOLOGY Explore the theory, research, and practice of forensic psychology with this collection of resources from recognized leaders in the field The newly revised Third Edition of Forensic Psychology delivers insightful coverage of the theory and applications of forensic psychology. The book combines authoritative scholarship with an unprecedented breadth of international coverage and constitutes an essential resource for all aspects of contemporary forensic and criminal psychology. The new edition addresses issues of equality, diversity, and inclusion in each section, as well as the uses and abuses of power in forensic contexts. The book takes a constructively critical approach to the dominant theories, policy, and practices of today, as opposed to being merely descriptive, and considers new and developing areas, like the prevention of sexual violence at universities. Forensic Psychology comprehensively addresses the application of modern forensic techniques and practices to the civil and criminal justice systems in the United Kingdom. Each chapter concludes with some specific suggestions for further reading. Additionally, readers will enjoy the inclusion of a wide variety of topics, like: A thorough discussion of investigative and clinical practice, including the politics of forensic psychology, offender profiling, eyewitness testimony, and jury decision making An examination of clinical and risk assessments, including reviews of the key legal issues and principles involved in risk assessments, the role of structured instruments and protocols, and coverage of actuarial and structured clinical methods Discussions of working with criminalized populations in prisons and forensic mental health facilities A treatment of psychology in the courts with an emphasis on the courts of England and Wales Perfect for graduate level students in forensic psychology courses, Forensic Psychology will also earn a place in the libraries of qualified forensic psychologist practitioners and postgraduate students seeking to improve their understanding of forensic psychology with a high-quality international textbook underpinned by considerations of human rights and ethical standards.