Microbial And Enzymatic Degradation Of Wood And Wood Components
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Microbial And Enzymatic Degradation Of Wood And Wood Components
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Author : Karl-Erik L. Eriksson
language : en
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Release Date : 2012-12-06
Microbial And Enzymatic Degradation Of Wood And Wood Components written by Karl-Erik L. Eriksson and has been published by Springer Science & Business Media this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2012-12-06 with Technology & Engineering categories.
The oil crisis during the 1970s turned interest towards the utilization of renewable resources and towards lignocellulosics in particular. The 1970s were also the cradle period of biotechnology, and the years when biotechnical utilization of lignocellulosic waste from agriculture and forestry gained priori ty. This was a logical conclusion since one of nature's most important biologi cal reactions is the conversion of wood and other lignocellulosic materials to carbon dioxide, water and humic substances. However, while biotechnology in other areas like medicine and pharmacology concerned production of expen sive products on a small scale, biotechnical utilization and conversion of ligno cellulosics meant production of inexpensive products on a large scale. Biotechnical utilization of lignocellulosic materials is therefore a very difficult task, and the commercial utilization of this technology has not progressed as rapidly as one would have desired. One reason for this was the lack of basic knowledge of enzyme mechanisms involved in the degradation and conversion of wood, other lignocellulosics and their individual components. There are also risks associated with initiating a technical development before a stable platform of knowledge is available. Several of the projects started with en thusiasm have therefore suffered some loss of interest. Also contributing to this failing interest is the fact that the oil crisis at the time was not a real one. At present, nobody predicts a rapid exhaustion of the oil resources and fuel production from lignocellulosics is no longer a high priority.
Soil Enzymology
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Author : Girish Shukla
language : en
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Release Date : 2010-10-17
Soil Enzymology written by Girish Shukla and has been published by Springer Science & Business Media this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2010-10-17 with Science categories.
Soil enzymes are one of the vital key mediators involved in nutrient recycling and the decomposition of organic matter and thereby in maintaining soil quality and fertility. This Soil Biology volume covers the various facets of soil enzymes, such as their functions, biochemical and microbiological properties and the factors affecting their activities. Enzymes in the rhizosphere, in forest soils, and in volcanic ash-derived soils are described. Soil enzymes covered include phosphohydrolases, lignocellulose-degrading enzymes, phenol oxidases, fungal oxidoreductases, keratinases, pectinases, xylanases, lipases and pectinases. Several chapters treat the soil enzymatic activities in the bioremediation of soils contaminated with pesticides and pollutants such as oil, chlorinated compounds, synthetic dyes and aromatic hydrocarbons. The role of soil enzymes as bioindicators is a further important topic addressed.
Lignocellulose Biotechnology
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Author : Ramesh Chander Kuhad
language : en
Publisher: I. K. International Pvt Ltd
Release Date : 2007
Lignocellulose Biotechnology written by Ramesh Chander Kuhad and has been published by I. K. International Pvt Ltd this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2007 with Science categories.
The agricultural and forestry processing wastes (lignocellulosics) are an important material resource and energy source. However, if untreated they can pose a danger to the environment and potentially valuable resources. Microorganisms contribute significantly to solving the problem of biomass degradation, its recycling and conservation. In the recent years, an increasing interest shown by the textile, food, feed & pulp, and paper industries in the microbial and enzymatic processes has triggered in-depth studies of lignocellulolytic microorganisms and their enzymes. Moreover, the advent of recombinant DNA technology in the late 1970s further paved the way for developing technologies based on lignocellulolytic microbes and enzymes. Lignocellulose Biotechnology presents a comprehensive review of the research directed towards environmentally friendly agricultural and forest by-products. The book comprises 22 chapters, divided in four sections. It deals with a wide range of topics including biodiversity of lignocellulose degrading microorganisms and their enzymes, molecular biology of biodegradation of lignin, characterization of lignocellulolytic enzymes, bioconversion of plant biomass to produce enzymes, animal feed, bioethanol and industrial applications of lignocellulolytic enzymes. The chapters dealing with industrial applications also address current biotechnological approaches in lignocellulose bioconversion to value added products. This book is essential for students, researchers, scientists, and engineers working in the fields of environmental microbiology, environmental biotechnology, life sciences, waste management, and biomaterials.
Applied Molecular Genetics Of Filamentous Fungi
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Author : J.R. Kinghorn
language : en
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Release Date : 1992-08-31
Applied Molecular Genetics Of Filamentous Fungi written by J.R. Kinghorn and has been published by Springer Science & Business Media this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1992-08-31 with Medical categories.
The filamentous fungi are perhaps unique in the diversity of their metabolic activities. This includes biosynthetic as well as degradative activities, many is to provide an of which are of industrial interest. The objective of this text up-to-date and broad review which emphasizes the genetic and molecular biological contribution in the field of fungal biotechnology. This text begins with an overview of the tools and methodologies involved which, to a large extent, have been developed in the model filamentous fungus Aspergillus nidulans and subsequently have been extended to commercially important fungi. This is followed by a chapter which provides a compilation of genes isolated from commercial fungi and their present status with respect to structure, function and regulation. Chapters 3 and 4 highlight the degradative powers of filamentous fungi. First, a discussion of what is known regarding the molecular genetics of fungi and the genes and enzymes involved in the beverage and food industries. This has an oriental flavour, reflecting the tremendous importance of fungi in traditional Chinese and Japanese food production. An account of lignocellulose degradation by filamentous fungi follows, illustrating the potential of fungi to utilize this substance as a renewable energy source. The ability of fungi to produce high-value foreign proteins is reviewed in chapters 5 and 6. Chymosin production, in particular, represents a good example of high-level yields being obtained, such as to warrant commercial production.
Bacterial Wood Degradation
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Author : Jana Gelbrich
language : en
Publisher: Sierke Verlag
Release Date : 2009
Bacterial Wood Degradation written by Jana Gelbrich and has been published by Sierke Verlag this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2009 with categories.
Biological Transformation Of Wood By Microorganisms
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Author : W. Liese
language : en
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Release Date : 2012-12-06
Biological Transformation Of Wood By Microorganisms written by W. Liese and has been published by Springer Science & Business Media this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2012-12-06 with Nature categories.
This volume comprises the papers presented at the Session on Wood Products Pathology during the 2nd International Congress on Plant Pathology on 10th - 12th September 1973 in Minneapolis/USA. The topics were dealt with under four heads, viz. Interaction of Microorganisms during Wood Decay, Bacterial Degradation of Wood, Decay of Resistant Wood and Enzymatic Mechanisms of Deterioration Process, followed by a Discussion Session on Extension: an obli gation of all Wood Products Pathologists •. Thanks to the cooperation of the authors all the papers could be compiled in this volume. The conference gave an unique possibility to discuss in depth the principles of wood decay by microorganisms from the various angles. The chapters give detailed information on the current progress and problems in wood products pathology. They are therefore collected together in this volume so that people interested in this field will have immediate access to the material and ideas presented. The topic of this Session, the degradation of wood by fungi and bacteria, has become more and more important during the last years. Wood is the only renewable natural resource and raw material of man so that it must be preserved against unwanted deterioration. On the other hand, its natural decomposition does not lead to any harmful products but only to carbondioxide and water. Both aspects have been dealt with in this volume. Hamburg, March 1975 Walter Liese Contributors A.F.BRAVERY, Building Research Establishment, Princes Risborough Laboratory, Princes Risborough, U.K.
Biological Transformation Of Wood By Microorganisms
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Author : W Liese
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 1976-12-01
Biological Transformation Of Wood By Microorganisms written by W Liese and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1976-12-01 with Wood categories.
Wood Microbiology
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Author : Robert A. Zabel
language : en
Publisher: Academic Press
Release Date : 2020-03-04
Wood Microbiology written by Robert A. Zabel and has been published by Academic Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2020-03-04 with Nature categories.
Wood Microbiology, Second Edition, presents the latest advances in wood decay and its prevention. Coverage includes classification of fungi and bacteria, factors affecting growth and survival, fungal metabolism, and wood chemistry. There are also chapters that focus on the anatomical aspects, chemical changes, and ultrastructural effects of wood decay. Additionally, this book discusses major issues associated with wood decay, detecting decay, and how to take protective action against it. This is a one-stop reference resource for wood scientists, wood processing and preserving professionals, foresters and forest pathologists, as well as students of forestry, and wood science and technology courses. It is authored by two leading experts with over 80 years of experience working with timber durability. Provides updated taxonomy and classification of decay groups Presents detailed descriptions of anatomical, chemical, and ultrastructural aspects of wood decay Includes discussions on major issues associated with decay, how to detect decay and preventative measures
The Structure Biosynthesis And Degradation Of Wood
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Author : F. Loewus
language : en
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Release Date : 2012-12-06
The Structure Biosynthesis And Degradation Of Wood written by F. Loewus and has been published by Springer Science & Business Media this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2012-12-06 with Science categories.
Forest trees constitute one of the major resources of the world and their utilization, either for structural purposes or for the materials which they yield, dates back to antiquity. Over the centuries, the exploitation of this resource has become progressively more sophisticated, and, in many parts of the world has led to the development of highly complex forest-based industries. The research and development work which led to these industrial uses fostered the formation of numerous technical societies and associations, which, through their meetings and publi cations, have facilitated communication and the exchange of ideas. Over the years, there have been numerous symposia devoted to wood and the many facets of its properties and utilization. However, rarely has the emphasis in such symposia been placed upon the living tree and the changes which it undergoes in relation to its ultimate utilization. Hence the Phytochemical Society of North America arranged the symposium, "The Structure, Biosynthesis, and Degradation of Wood", held at the University of British Columbia in August, 1976. the contributions to which form the basis of the present volume.
Biosynthesis And Biodegradation Of Wood Components
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Author : Takayoshi Higuchi
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 1985
Biosynthesis And Biodegradation Of Wood Components written by Takayoshi Higuchi and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1985 with Nature categories.