Microbial Diversity In Restored Wetlands Of San Francisco Bay
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Microbial Diversity In Restored Wetlands Of San Francisco Bay
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Author :
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2013
Microbial Diversity In Restored Wetlands Of San Francisco Bay written by and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2013 with categories.
Wetland ecosystems may serve as either a source or a sink for atmospheric carbon and greenhouse gases. This delicate carbon balance is influenced by the activity of belowground microbial communities that return carbon dioxide and methane to the atmosphere. Wetland restoration efforts in the San Francisco Bay-Delta region may help to reverse land subsidence and possibly increase carbon storage in soils. However, the effects of wetland restoration on microbial communities, which mediate soil metabolic activity and carbon cycling, are poorly studied. In an effort to better understand the underlying factors which shape the balance of carbon flux in wetland soils, we targeted the microbial communities in a suite of restored and historic wetlands in the San Francisco Bay-Delta region. Using DNA and RNA sequencing, coupled with greenhouse gas monitoring, we profiled the diversity and metabolic potential of the wetland soil microbial communities along biogeochemical and wetland age gradients. Our results show relationships among geochemical gradients, availability of electron acceptors, and microbial community composition. Our study provides the first genomic glimpse into microbial populations in natural and restored wetlands of the San Francisco Bay-Delta region and provides a valuable benchmark for future studies.
Microbial Diversity And Carbon Cycling In San Francisco Bay Wetlands
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Author :
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2014
Microbial Diversity And Carbon Cycling In San Francisco Bay Wetlands written by and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2014 with categories.
Wetland restoration efforts in San Francisco Bay aim to rebuild habitat for endangered species and provide an effective carbon storage solution, reversing land subsidence caused by a century of industrial and agricultural development. However, the benefits of carbon sequestration may be negated by increased methane production in newly constructed wetlands, making these wetlands net greenhouse gas (GHG) sources to the atmosphere. We investigated the effects of wetland restoration on below-ground microbial communities responsible for GHG cycling in a suite of historic and restored wetlands in SF Bay. Using DNA and RNA sequencing, coupled with real-time GHG monitoring, we profiled the diversity and metabolic potential of wetland soil microbial communities. The wetland soils harbor diverse communities of bacteria and archaea whose membership varies with sampling location, proximity to plant roots and sampling depth. Our results also highlight the dramatic differences in GHG production between historic and restored wetlands and allow us to link microbial community composition and GHG cycling with key environmental variables including salinity, soil carbon and plant species.
South San Francisco Wetland Paradox
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Author :
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2016
South San Francisco Wetland Paradox written by and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2016 with categories.
Rapid urbanization and agriculture have led to loss of wetlands and their ecosystem services in the Sacramento-San Joaquin Delta and the San Francisco Bay. The United States Geological Survey (USGS), through their wetland restoration project on Twitchell Island, has established the potential of wetlands as carbon sinks. However, wetlands are also natural sources of methane (CH4), a greenhouse gas (GHG) 20X more potent than CO2. Interestingly, in most saline environments, sulfate-reducing bacteria are expected to outcompete methanogens resulting in decreased CH4 emission. But this is not the case with South San Francisco Bay (SSFB) salt ponds, formerly tidal marshes but later used for industrial salt production, which have been found to be major CH4 producers. This study aims to determine the microbial structure and source of substrates for methane production in restored, unrestored, and historical salt ponds in the SSFB area. To address this, we used metagenomics, biogeochemical approaches, and greenhouse gas measurements to identify differences in microbial communities and interactions in the three habitats. Our analysis revealed pond type-specific microbial communities and spatial heterogeneity. Furthermore, the samples share similar and distinct microbial communities along salinity gradients. Subsequently, these site-specific differences (1) are associated with different photosynthetic and metabolic pathways; (2) are weakly correlated with elevated methane flux as determined by methyl coenzyme M reductase subunit A (mcr A) gene relative abundance; (3) suggest glycine betaine as source of noncompetitive methylated subtrates. Overall, this study provides evidence that distinct microbial interactions lead to the establishment of environment-specific microbial pattern assemblies. This work can potentially contribute in monitoring, and implementing more efficient conservation, restoration, and management project of hypersaline wetlands.
Anthropogenic Impacts On The Microbial Ecology And Function Of Aquatic Environments
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Author : Maurizio Labbate
language : en
Publisher: Frontiers Media SA
Release Date : 2016-09-06
Anthropogenic Impacts On The Microbial Ecology And Function Of Aquatic Environments written by Maurizio Labbate and has been published by Frontiers Media SA this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2016-09-06 with Microbiology categories.
Aquatic ecosystems are currently experiencing unprecedented levels of impact from human activities including over-exploitation of resources, habitat destruction, pollution and the influence of climate change. The impacts of these activities on the microbial ecology of aquatic environments are only now beginning to be defined. One of the many implications of environmental degradation and climate change is the geographical expansion of disease- causing microbes such as those from the Vibrio genus. Elevating sea surface temperatures correlate with increasing Vibrio numbers and disease in marine animals (e.g. corals) and humans. Contamination of aquatic environments with heavy metals and other pollutants affects microbial ecology with downstream effects on biogeochemical cycles and nutrient turnover. Also of importance is the pollution of aquatic environments with antibiotics, resistance genes and the mobile genetic elements that house resistance genes from human and animal waste. Such contaminated environments act as a source of resistance genes long after an antibiotic has ceased being used in the community. Environments contaminated with mobile genetic elements that are adapted to human commensals and pathogens function to capture new resistance genes for potential reintroduction back into clinical environments. This research topic encompasses these diverse topics and describes the affect(s) of human activity on the microbial ecology and function in aquatic environments and, describes methods of restoration and for modelling disturbances.
Degradation Ecological Restoration And Adaptive Management Of Estuarine Wetlands Under Intensifying Global Changes
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Author : Tian Xie
language : en
Publisher: Frontiers Media SA
Release Date : 2023-04-04
Degradation Ecological Restoration And Adaptive Management Of Estuarine Wetlands Under Intensifying Global Changes written by Tian Xie and has been published by Frontiers Media SA this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2023-04-04 with Science categories.
Wetland Creation And Restoration
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Author : Karen Schneller-McDonald
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 1990
Wetland Creation And Restoration written by Karen Schneller-McDonald and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1990 with Restoration ecology categories.
"This report provides a hard copy of the bibliographic information contained in the digital Wetland Creation/Restoration Data Base. One thousand one hundred data base records are included; each of these represents one article, report, or other publication dealing with the creation or restoration of wetlands. Information in the records is ... accessible via a cross-referenced index divided into four sections (Location Index, Plant Genus Index, Wetland Type Index, and Subject Index."--Page 1 Abstract.
Coastal Wetlands
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Author : Gerardo M.E. Perillo
language : en
Publisher: Elsevier
Release Date : 2009-01-18
Coastal Wetlands written by Gerardo M.E. Perillo and has been published by Elsevier this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2009-01-18 with Science categories.
Coastal wetlands are under a great deal of pressure from the dual forces of rising sea level and the intervention of human populations both along the estuary and in the river catchment. Direct impacts include the destruction or degradation of wetlands from land reclamation and infrastructures. Indirect impacts derive from the discharge of pollutants, changes in river flows and sediment supplies, land clearing, and dam operations. As sea level rises, coastal wetlands in most areas of the world migrate landward to occupy former uplands. The competition of these lands from human development is intensifying, making the landward migration impossible in many cases. This book provides an understanding of the functioning of coastal ecosystems and the ecological services that they provide, and suggestions for their management. In this book a CD is included containing color figures of wetlands and estuaries in different parts of the world. Includes a CD containing color figures of wetlands and estuaries in different parts of the world.
Biogeography Of Nitrogen Cycling Microbial Communities In San Francisco Bay
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Author : Jessica Audrey Lee
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2015
Biogeography Of Nitrogen Cycling Microbial Communities In San Francisco Bay written by Jessica Audrey Lee and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2015 with categories.
Nitrogen is an essential element to all of life on earth, and its bioavailability in the environment is governed by the activities of microorganisms that transform nitrogen species through redox processes such as denitrification, nitrification, and anammox. In this study, we survey the nitrogen-cycling microbial populations in the sediments of San Francisco Bay, using diverse DNA-based methods to address questions about microbial population dynamics across space, time, and the environmental gradients typical of an estuary. Our results include: a comparison of the abundance and community structures of nirK-type and nirS-type denitrifying bacteria; a novel use of next-generation sequencing for surveying functional gene diversity in the environment and a demonstration of machine-learning techniques for identifying ecological trends in that sequence data; and finally, deep sequencing of the 16S rRNA gene to survey and compare several N-cycling functional communities at once. Overall, we observe strong spatial structure in each nitrogen-cycling functional group as well as in the total microbial community, a strong response of all groups to salinity and to sediment nitrogen content, and marked differences in the temporal variability of communities in different sites. This survey of microbial diversity in San Francisco Bay contributes to our understanding of the processes influencing sediment biota in the estuary, and forms a foundation for future studies in the functioning of these nitrogen-cycling communities.
Ecology Conservation And Restoration Of Tidal Marshes
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Author : Arnas Palaima
language : en
Publisher: Univ of California Press
Release Date : 2012-10-09
Ecology Conservation And Restoration Of Tidal Marshes written by Arnas Palaima and has been published by Univ of California Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2012-10-09 with Nature categories.
The San Francisco Bay, the biggest estuary on the west coast of North America, was once surrounded by an almost unbroken chain of tidal wetlands, a fecund sieve of ecosystems connecting the land and the Bay. Today, most of these wetlands have disappeared under the demands of coastal development, and those that remain cling precariously to a drastically altered coastline. This volume is a collaborative effort of nearly 40 scholars in which the wealth of scientific knowledge available on tidal wetlands of the San Francisco Estuary is summarized and integrated. This book addresses issues of taxonomy, geomorphology, toxicology, the impact of climate change, ecosystem services, public policy, and conservation, and it is an essential resource for ecologists, environmental scientists, coastal policymakers, and researchers interested in estuaries and conserving and restoring coastal wetlands around the world.
Marine Microorganisms And Their Enzymes With Biotechnological Application
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Author : Haijin Mou
language : en
Publisher: Frontiers Media SA
Release Date : 2022-06-30
Marine Microorganisms And Their Enzymes With Biotechnological Application written by Haijin Mou and has been published by Frontiers Media SA this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2022-06-30 with Science categories.