Microscopic Chaos Fractals And Transport In Nonequilibrium Steady States

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Microscopic Chaos Fractals And Transport In Nonequilibrium Statistical Mechanics

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Author : Rainer Klages
language : en
Publisher: World Scientific
Release Date : 2007

Microscopic Chaos Fractals And Transport In Nonequilibrium Statistical Mechanics written by Rainer Klages and has been published by World Scientific this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2007 with Mathematics categories.

A valuable introduction for newcomers as well as an important reference and source of inspiration for established researchers, this book provides an up-to-date summary of central topics in the field of nonequilibrium statistical mechanics and dynamical systems theory. Understanding macroscopic properties of matter starting from microscopic chaos in the equations of motion of single atoms or molecules is a key problem in nonequilibrium statistical mechanics. Of particular interest both for theory and applications are transport processes such as diffusion, reaction, conduction and viscosity. Recent advances towards a deterministic theory of nonequilibrium statistical physics are summarized: Both Hamiltonian dynamical systems under nonequilibrium boundary conditions and non-Hamiltonian modelings of nonequilibrium steady states by using thermal reservoirs are considered. The surprising new results include transport coefficients that are fractal functions of control parameters, fundamental relations between transport coefficients and chaos quantities, and an understanding of nonequilibrium entropy production in terms of fractal measures and attractors. The theory is particularly useful for the description of many-particle systems with properties in-between conventional thermodynamics and nonlinear science, as they are frequently encountered on nanoscales.

Microscopic Chaos Fractals And Transport In Nonequilibrium Steady States

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Author : Rainer Klages
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2003

Microscopic Chaos Fractals And Transport In Nonequilibrium Steady States written by Rainer Klages and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2003 with categories.

Microscopic Chaos Fractals And Transport In Nonequilibrium Steady States

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Author : Rainer Klages
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2003

Microscopic Chaos Fractals And Transport In Nonequilibrium Steady States written by Rainer Klages and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2003 with categories.

Microscopic Chaos Fractals And Transport In Nonequilibrium Steady States Die Ver Ffentlichung Einer Erg Nzten Und Berarbeiteten Version Bei World Scientific Publishing Ist F R 2005 06 Geplant

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Author :
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2004

Microscopic Chaos Fractals And Transport In Nonequilibrium Steady States Die Ver Ffentlichung Einer Erg Nzten Und Berarbeiteten Version Bei World Scientific Publishing Ist F R 2005 06 Geplant written by and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2004 with categories.

A fundamental challenge is to understand nonequilibrium statistical mechanics starting from microscopic chaos in the equations of motion of a many-particle system. In this thesis we summarize recent theoretical advances along these lines. We focus on two different approaches to nonequilibrium transport: One considers Hamiltonian dynamical systems under nonequilibrium boundary conditions, another one suggests a non-Hamiltonian approach to nonequilibrium situations created by external electric fields and by temperature or velocity gradients. A surprising result related to the former approach is that in simple low-dimensional periodic models the deterministic transport coefficients are typically fractal functions of control parameters. These fractal transport coefficients yield the first central theme of this thesis. We exemplify this phenomenon by deterministic diffusion in a simple chaotic map. We then construct an arsenal of analytical and numerical methods for computing further transport coefficients such as electrical conductivities andchemical reaction rates. These methods are applied to hierarchies of chaotic dynamical systems that are successively getting more complex, starting from abstract one-dimensional maps generalizing a simple random walk on the line up to particle billiards that should be directly accessible in experiments. In all cases, the resulting transport coefficients turn out to be either strictly fractal, or at least to be profoundly irregular. The impact of random perturbations on these quantities is also investigated. We furthermore provide some access roads towards a physical understanding of these fractalities. The second central theme is formed by a critical assessment of the non-Hamiltonian approach to nonequilibrium transport. Here we consider situations where the nonequilibrium constraints pump energy into a system, hence there must be some thermal reservoir that prevents the system from heating up. For this purpose a deterministic and t.

Time Reversability Computer Simulation Algorithms Chaos

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Author : William Graham Hoover
language : en
Publisher: World Scientific
Release Date : 2012

Time Reversability Computer Simulation Algorithms Chaos written by William Graham Hoover and has been published by World Scientific this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2012 with Mathematics categories.

The book begins with a discussion, contrasting the idealized reversibility of basic physics against the pragmatic irreversibility of real life. Computer models, and simulation, are next discussed and illustrated. Simulations provide the means to assimilate concepts through worked-out examples. State-of-the-art analyses, from the point of view of dynamical systems, are applied to many-body examples from nonequilibrium molecular dynamics and to chaotic irreversible flows from finite-difference, finite-element, and particle-based continuum simulations. Two necessary concepts from dynamical-systems theory - fractals and Lyapunov instability - are fundamental to the approach. Undergraduate-level physics, calculus, and ordinary differential equations are sufficient background for a full appreciation of this book, which is intended for advanced undergraduates, graduates, and research workers.

Time Reversibility Computer Simulation Algorithms Chaos

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Author : William Graham Hoover
language : en
Publisher: World Scientific
Release Date : 2012

Time Reversibility Computer Simulation Algorithms Chaos written by William Graham Hoover and has been published by World Scientific this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2012 with Mathematics categories.

The book begins with a discussion, contrasting the idealized reversibility of basic physics against the pragmatic irreversibility of real life. Computer models, and simulation, are next discussed and illustrated. Simulations provide the means to assimilate concepts through worked-out examples. State-of-the-art analyses, from the point of view of dynamical systems, are applied to many-body examples from nonequilibrium molecular dynamics and to chaotic irreversible flows from finite-difference, finite-element, and particle-based continuum simulations. Two necessary concepts from dynamical-systems theory - fractals and Lyapunov instability - are fundamental to the approach. Undergraduate-level physics, calculus, and ordinary differential equations are sufficient background for a full appreciation of this book, which is intended for advanced undergraduates, graduates, and research workers.

Applications Of Chaos And Nonlinear Dynamics In Science And Engineering Vol 3

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Author : Santo Banerjee
language : en
Publisher: Springer
Release Date : 2013-06-12

Applications Of Chaos And Nonlinear Dynamics In Science And Engineering Vol 3 written by Santo Banerjee and has been published by Springer this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2013-06-12 with Science categories.

Chaos and nonlinear dynamics initially developed as a new emergent field with its foundation in physics and applied mathematics. The highly generic, interdisciplinary quality of the insights gained in the last few decades has spawned myriad applications in almost all branches of science and technology—and even well beyond. Wherever quantitative modeling and analysis of complex, nonlinear phenomena is required, chaos theory and its methods can play a key role. This third volume concentrates on reviewing further relevant contemporary applications of chaotic nonlinear systems as they apply to the various cutting-edge branches of engineering. This encompasses, but is not limited to, topics such fluctuation relations and chaotic dynamics in physics, fractals and their applications in epileptic seizures, as well as chaos synchronization. Featuring contributions from active and leading research groups, this collection is ideal both as a reference and as a ‘recipe book’ full of tried and tested, successful engineering applications.

Non Equilibrium Energy Transformation Processes

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Author : Viktor Holubec
language : en
Publisher: Springer
Release Date : 2014-05-22

Non Equilibrium Energy Transformation Processes written by Viktor Holubec and has been published by Springer this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2014-05-22 with Science categories.

Various experimental techniques have been advanced in recent years to measure non-equilibrium energy transformations on the microscopic scale of single molecules. In general, the systems studied in the corresponding experiments are exposed to strong thermal fluctuations and thus the relevant energetic variables such as work and heat become stochastic. This thesis addresses challenging theoretical problems in this active field of current research: 1) Exact analytical solutions of work and heat distributions for isothermal non-equilibrium processes in suitable models are obtained; 2) Corresponding solutions for cyclic processes involving two different heat reservoirs are found; 3) Optimization of periodic driving protocols for such cyclic processes with respect to maximal output power, efficiency and minimal power fluctuations is studied. The exact solutions for work and heat distributions provide a reference for theoretical investigations of more complicated models, giving insight into the structure of the tail of work distributions and serving as valuable test cases for simulations of the underlying stochastic processes.

Nonequilibrium Statistical Physics Of Small Systems

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Author : Rainer Klages
language : en
Publisher: John Wiley & Sons
Release Date : 2013-03-15

Nonequilibrium Statistical Physics Of Small Systems written by Rainer Klages and has been published by John Wiley & Sons this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2013-03-15 with Science categories.

This book offers a comprehensive picture of nonequilibrium phenomena in nanoscale systems. Written by internationally recognized experts in the field, this book strikes a balance between theory and experiment, and includes in-depth introductions to nonequilibrium fluctuation relations, nonlinear dynamics and transport, single molecule experiments, and molecular diffusion in nanopores. The authors explore the application of these concepts to nano- and biosystems by cross-linking key methods and ideas from nonequilibrium statistical physics, thermodynamics, stochastic theory, and dynamical systems. By providing an up-to-date survey of small systems physics, the text serves as both a valuable reference for experienced researchers and as an ideal starting point for graduate-level students entering this newly emerging research field.

Microscopic And Macroscopic Simulation Techniques Kharagpur Lectures

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Author : Hoover William Graham
language : en
Publisher: World Scientific
Release Date : 2018-03-13

Microscopic And Macroscopic Simulation Techniques Kharagpur Lectures written by Hoover William Graham and has been published by World Scientific this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2018-03-13 with Science categories.

This book aims to provide an example-based education in numerical methods for atomistic and continuum simulations of systems at and away from equilibrium. The focus is on nonequilibrium systems, stressing the use of tools from dynamical systems theory for their analysis. Lyapunov instability and fractal dimensionality are introduced and algorithms for their analysis are detailed. The book is intended to be self-contained and accessible to students who are comfortable with calculus and differential equations. The wide range of topics covered will provide students, researchers and academics with effective tools for formulating and solving interesting problems, both atomistic and continuum. The detailed description of the use of thermostats to control nonequilibrium systems will help readers in writing their own programs rather than being saddled with packaged software. Contents: Mechanics, Molecular Dynamics, and Gibbs' Statistical Mechanics Numerical Integration and Error Analysis Molecular Dynamics with Thermostats Simple Systems with Thermal Constraints Ergodicity and Its Importance in Small Systems Equilibrium Thermodynamics + Nonequilibrium Hydrodynamics Statistical Mechanics of Small Systems Microscopic Reversibility, Macroscopic Irreversibility Lyapunov Instability, Fractals, and Chaos I Lyapunov Instability, Fractals, and Chaos II Smooth-Particle Continuum Mechanics Epilogue Readership: Undergraduate, graduate students, researchers focusing on statistical mechanics and numerical simulation. Keywords: Numerical Methods;Simulation;Nonequilibrium;Molecular Dynamics;Continuum Mechanics;Statistical Mechanics;Chaos;Lyapunov Instability;Hydrodynamics;ThermodynamicsReview: Key Features: Three useful areas covered — treatment of control variables such as thermostats and ergostats, dynamical system analysis and the use of smooth particle techniques for analyzing molecular dynamics, and the solution of continuum problems