Middle Constructions In English
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Middle Constructions In English
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Author : Claudia Haase
language : en
Publisher: GRIN Verlag
Release Date : 2011-12
Middle Constructions In English written by Claudia Haase and has been published by GRIN Verlag this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2011-12 with Biography & Autobiography categories.
Seminar paper from the year 2000 in the subject English Language and Literature Studies - Linguistics, grade: 1,1 (A), University of Dusseldorf "Heinrich Heine" (Anglistisches Institut III), course: Verb Classes and verb alternations in English, 13 entries in the bibliography, language: English, abstract: With this paper I want to give a survey about middles in English, verbs which form middles, general characteristics, make obvious the relationship between middles and passives and middles and ergatives and in the end compare German and English middles. I dedicated this paper also to the question: Are verbs which form middles transitive or intransitive? Some experts claim, that middle verbs can be both, transitive or intransitive (cf. Dixon), others try to prove that verbs which form middles are always transitive and that with middle formation the transitivity is lost.
On The Middle Construction In English
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Author : Christiane Fellbaum
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 1986
On The Middle Construction In English written by Christiane Fellbaum and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1986 with English language categories.
Historical Development Of The English Middle Construction
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Author : Nirada Simargool
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2005
Historical Development Of The English Middle Construction written by Nirada Simargool and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2005 with categories.
The Syntax And Semantics Of Middle Constructions
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Author : Sarah M. B. Fagan
language : en
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
Release Date : 1992-05-21
The Syntax And Semantics Of Middle Constructions written by Sarah M. B. Fagan and has been published by Cambridge University Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1992-05-21 with Language Arts & Disciplines categories.
This study provides a comprehensive description and analysis of the syntax and semantics of middle constructions in German, including those formed by using the auxiliary lassen 'let'. English and French middles are also treated in depth for comparative purposes. Sarah Fagan argues that middle constructions are not to be accounted for in the syntax, but rather in a bipartite lexicon consisting of Static and Dynamic components. This division of the lexicon helps to clarify the analysis in a number of ways. The author also considers middles in the context of recent work on generics, and examines Vendler's typology of aspectual verb classes in the light of middle formation in German and English. The study addresses a number of issues in the syntax of modern German relevant to our understanding of universal grammar: 1. the appearance of ergative predicates in German: 2. the implications of impersonal clauses in German: and 3. the use of reflexives in argument positions. The value of this study is greatly enhanced by the wealth of language data and descriptive detail given.
English Historical Syntax
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Author : David Denison
language : en
Publisher: Routledge
Release Date : 2014-06-11
English Historical Syntax written by David Denison and has been published by Routledge this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2014-06-11 with Language Arts & Disciplines categories.
This study brings together many of the resources needed for the exploration of English historical syntax and deals with many of the important changes in English sentence structure from Old English to present. It also features a survey of published research from both classical and modern linguistic traditions, as well as new research by the author. Provides guidance on methodology, important reference materials, and the general history of the English language.
The Middle Construction In French And English
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Author : Christiane Fellbaum
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 1989
The Middle Construction In French And English written by Christiane Fellbaum and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1989 with English language categories.
Chinese Middle Constructions
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Author : Jiajuan Xiong
language : en
Publisher: Springer
Release Date : 2017-11-14
Chinese Middle Constructions written by Jiajuan Xiong and has been published by Springer this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2017-11-14 with Language Arts & Disciplines categories.
This book defines Chinese middle constructions as generic constructions, with their highest syntactically saturated argument always understood as an arbitrary one. This working definition sets “middle construction” apart from “middle voice” in that it can be instantiated by various constructions in Chinese. By scrutinizing these constructions in the framework of Generative Syntax, the book concludes that their formation takes place at the lexical level, without resorting to any syntactic mechanisms and thus that Chinese falls into the category of “lexical middle languages”, which are in contrast to “syntactic middle languages”.
Constructions And Environments
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Author : Peter Petr?
language : en
Publisher: Oxford University Press
Release Date : 2014-06-17
Constructions And Environments written by Peter Petr? and has been published by Oxford University Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2014-06-17 with Language Arts & Disciplines categories.
This monograph presents the first comprehensive diachronic account of copular and passive verb constructions in Old and Middle English. Peter Petr? analyzes: ? The mysterious loss of the high-frequency verb weor?an 'become' as a casualty of changing word order in narrative during Middle English. ? The merger of is 'is' and bi? 'shall be, is generally' into a single suppletive verb, and how it is related to the development of a general analytic future shall be. ? The co-occurrence of multiple changes that led to become and wax crossing a threshold of similarity with existing copulas, from which they analogically adopted full productivity in one fell swoop. In explaining each of these changes, Petr? goes beyond the level of the verb and its complements, drawing attention to analogical networks and the importance of a verb's embeddedness in clausal and textual environments. Using a radically usage-based approach, treating syntax as emerging from (changing) frequencies, Petr? draws attention to general principles of constructional change, including but not limited to grammaticalization and lexicalization. He proposes novel parallelisms between linguistic and ecological evolution. Going beyond the view of language change as propagating only in social interaction, Petr? explains how each individual's mental grammar can be seen as a dynamic ecosystem with hierarchical environments (clausal niches, textual habitats). In this view, the interconnectedness of seemingly unrelated changes, itself resulting from cognitive economy principles, is arguably more decisive in lexical change than is functional competition.
Middle Voice In Modern Greek
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Author : Linda Joyce Manney
language : en
Publisher: John Benjamins Publishing
Release Date : 2000
Middle Voice In Modern Greek written by Linda Joyce Manney and has been published by John Benjamins Publishing this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2000 with Language Arts & Disciplines categories.
This book provides an in-depth analysis of the inflectional middle category in Modern Greek. Against the theoretical backdrop of cognitive linguistics, it is argued that a wide range of seemingly disparate middle structures in Modern Greek comprise a complex semantic network, and that this network is organized around two prototypical middle event types, which are noninitiative emotional response and spontaneous change of state. In those cases where middle structures have active counterparts, middle and active variants of the same verb stem are compared in order to demonstrate more clearly the semantic distinctions and pragmatic functions encoded by inflectional middle voice in Modern Greek. Major semantic groupings of middle structures treated include emotional response in particular and psycho-emotive experience in general, spontaneous change of state and/or the resulting state, agent-induced events in which an agent subject is (emotionally) involved with or affected by some aspect of the designated situation, passive-like events in which a patient subject is affected by a nonfocal agent, implicit or specified, and reflexive-like events in which a patient subject and an unspecified agent may overlap to varying degrees.
Cambridge Advanced Learner S Dictionary
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Author : Kate Woodford
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2003
Cambridge Advanced Learner S Dictionary written by Kate Woodford and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2003 with Foreign Language Study categories.
The Cambridge Advanced Learner's Dictionary is the ideal dictionary for advanced EFL/ESL learners. Easy to use and with a great CD-ROM - the perfect learner's dictionary for exam success. First published as the Cambridge International Dictionary of English, this new edition has been completely updated and redesigned. - References to over 170,000 words, phrases and examples explained in clear and natural English - All the important new words that have come into the language (e.g. dirty bomb, lairy, 9/11, clickable) - Over 200 'Common Learner Error' notes, based on the Cambridge Learner Corpus from Cambridge ESOL exams Plus, on the CD-ROM: - SMART thesaurus - lets you find all the words with the same meaning - QUICKfind - automatically looks up words while you are working on-screen - SUPERwrite - tools for advanced writing, giving help with grammar and collocation - Hear and practise all the words.