Military Realism
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Military Realism
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Author : Peter Campbell
language : en
Publisher: University of Missouri Press
Release Date : 2019-05-08
Military Realism written by Peter Campbell and has been published by University of Missouri Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2019-05-08 with History categories.
After the Vietnam War, the U.S. Army considered counterinsurgency (COIN) a mistake to be avoided. Many found it surprising, then, when setbacks in recent conflicts led the same army to adopt a COIN doctrine. Scholarly debates have primarily employed existing theories of military bureaucracy or culture to explain the army’s re-embrace of COIN, but Peter Campbell advances a unique argument centering on military realism to explain the complex evolution of army doctrinal thinking from 1960 to 2008. In five case studies of U.S. Army doctrine, Campbell pits military realism against bureaucratic and cultural perspectives in three key areas—nuclear versus conventional warfare, preferences for offense versus defense, and COIN missions—and finds that the army has been more doctrinally flexible than those perspectives would predict. He demonstrates that decision makers, while vowing in the wake of Vietnam to avoid (COIN) missions, nonetheless found themselves adapting to the geopolitical realities of fighting “low intensity” conflicts. In essence, he demonstrates that pragmatism has won out over dogmatism. At a time when American policymakers remain similarly conflicted about future defense strategies, Campbell’s work will undoubtedly shape and guide the debate.
Rethinking Japanese Public Opinion And Security
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Author : Paul Midford
language : en
Publisher: Stanford University Press
Release Date : 2011-01-24
Rethinking Japanese Public Opinion And Security written by Paul Midford and has been published by Stanford University Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2011-01-24 with Political Science categories.
In this book, Paul Midford engages claims that since 9/11 Japanese public opinion has turned sharply away from pacifism and toward supporting normalization of Japan's military power, in which Japanese troops would fight alongside their American counterparts in various conflicts worldwide. Midford argues that Japanese public opinion has never embraced pacifism. It has, instead, contained significant elements of realism, in that it has acknowledged the utility of military power for defending national territory and independence, but has seen offensive military power as ineffective for promoting other goals—such as suppressing terrorist networks and WMD proliferation, or promoting democracy overseas. Over several decades, these realist attitudes have become more evident as the Japanese state has gradually convinced its public that Tokyo and its military can be trusted with territorial defense, and even with noncombat humanitarian and reconstruction missions overseas. On this basis, says Midford, we should re-conceptualize Japanese public opinion as attitudinal defensive realism.
Realistic Combat Training And How To Conduct It
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Author : Robert B. Rigg
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 1955
Realistic Combat Training And How To Conduct It written by Robert B. Rigg and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1955 with Military education categories.
"This book springs from the pronounced reaction of the several thousand men I have trained under conditions of combat realism, and from my own convictions of its necessity. The chapters to follow speak for many. In the support of realism in training, I have experienced strong and genuine support from those above and below me. The only point of argument has been: "How best to implement realism?" This text deals with implementation. Its primary mission is to provide imaginative ideas, acknowledging that no single person, service, or staff has a monopoly on imagination. The men who have experienced the measures of realism I projected in training, have always wanted and asked for more--not in degree--but in more hours and days of it. Realistic training is dangerous, unless carefully controlled. This training is conducted under rigid control and safety supervision. Of the very few "casualties" resulting from the variety of courses and exercises I have conducted, I became the only serious hospital case. Of negative reaction, there were two soldiers who foolishly blasted a tree down on themselves and swore to get the author for creating a course that would kill them. Battles are fought by rifle squads, tank crews and companies, artillery batteries and battalions, combat engineer platoons, and multiplied combinations of these elements. This text is devoted to the training of these men and those who immediately support them. This text is not designed to develop strategy, or tactics, but to help these units"--Preface.
Cultural Realism
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Author : Alastair Iain Johnston
language : en
Publisher: Princeton University Press
Release Date : 1998-08-16
Cultural Realism written by Alastair Iain Johnston and has been published by Princeton University Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1998-08-16 with History categories.
CULTURAL REALISM is an in-depth study of premodern Chinese strategic thought that has important implications for contemporary international relations theory. Focusing on the Ming dynasty's grand strategy against the Mongols (1368-1644), Alastair Johnston's findings challenge dominant interpretations of traditional Chinese strategic thought. 27 line illustrations.
Human Nature And The Causes Of War
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Author : John David Orme
language : en
Publisher: Springer
Release Date : 2018-04-07
Human Nature And The Causes Of War written by John David Orme and has been published by Springer this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2018-04-07 with Political Science categories.
What are the causes of war? Wars are generally begun by a revisionist state seeking to take territory. The psychological root of revisionism is the yearning for glory, honor and power. Human nature is the primary cause of war, but political regimes can temper or intensify these passions. This book examines the effects of six types of regime on foreign policy: monarchy, republic and sultanistic, charismatic, and military and totalitarian dictatorship. Dictatorships encourage and unleash human ambition, and are thus the governments most likely to begin ill-considered wars. Classical realism, modified to incorporate the impact of regimes and beliefs, provides a more convincing explanation of war than neo-realism.
Realism
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Author : Benjamin Frankel
language : en
Publisher: Routledge
Release Date : 2013-04-03
Realism written by Benjamin Frankel and has been published by Routledge this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2013-04-03 with History categories.
Realism has been the subject of critical scrutiny for some time and this examination aims to identify and define its strengths and shortcomings, making a contribution to the study of international relations.
Neoclassical Realism And Defence Reform In Post Cold War Europe
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Author : T. Dyson
language : en
Publisher: Springer
Release Date : 2016-02-29
Neoclassical Realism And Defence Reform In Post Cold War Europe written by T. Dyson and has been published by Springer this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2016-02-29 with Political Science categories.
Dyson explains the convergence and divergence between British, French and German defence reforms in the post-Cold War era. He engages with cultural and realist theories and develops a neoclassical realist approach to change and stasis in defence policy, bringing new material to bear on the factors which have affected defence reforms.
The Origins Of Major War
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Author : Dale C. Copeland
language : en
Publisher: Cornell University Press
Release Date : 2013-02-15
The Origins Of Major War written by Dale C. Copeland and has been published by Cornell University Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2013-02-15 with History categories.
One of the most important questions of human existence is what drives nations to war—especially massive, system-threatening war. Much military history focuses on the who, when, and where of war. In this riveting book, Dale C. Copeland brings attention to bear on why governments make decisions that lead to, sustain, and intensify conflicts.Copeland presents detailed historical narratives of several twentieth-century cases, including World War I, World War II, and the Cold War. He highlights instigating factors that transcend individual personalities, styles of government, geography, and historical context to reveal remarkable consistency across several major wars usually considered dissimilar. The result is a series of challenges to established interpretive positions and provocative new readings of the causes of conflict.Classical realists and neorealists claim that dominant powers initiate war. Hegemonic stability realists believe that wars are most often started by rising states. Copeland offers an approach stronger in explanatory power and predictive capacity than these three brands of realism: he examines not only the power resources but the shifting power differentials of states. He specifies more precisely the conditions under which state decline leads to conflict, drawing empirical support from the critical cases of the twentieth century as well as major wars spanning from ancient Greece to the Napoleonic Wars.
Political Economy And Grand Strategy
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Author : Mark R. Brawley
language : en
Publisher: Routledge
Release Date : 2009-09-10
Political Economy And Grand Strategy written by Mark R. Brawley and has been published by Routledge this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2009-09-10 with History categories.
This book examines traditional balance of power theory from a political-economic perspective, using historical examples, to draw out distinctions between the liberal and realist approach and how this affects grand strategy. The realist view of the balance of power theory includes implicit assumptions that economic assets can be turned quickly into power, and that states always respond to threats quickly and only with a view to the 'short-run'. These assumptions drive many of the expectations generated from traditional balance-of-power theory, discouraging realists from looking at domestic sources of power, which in turn undermined their ability to frame strategic decisions properly. By thinking about how power must be managed over time, however, we can model the choices policy-makers confront when determining expenditures on defense, while keeping an eye on the impact of those costs on the economy. By emphasizing the role of the state, identifying different causal patterns in domestic politics, and demonstrating the importance of systemic competition, this book aims to establish why a neo-classical realist approach is not only different from a liberal approach, but also superior when addressing questions on grand strategy. This book will be of much interest to students of security studies, international political economy, grand strategy and IR theory in general. Mark R. Brawley is Professor of Political Science at McGill University, Montreal, Canada. He is author of several books on International Relations, specialising in the connections between political economic issues and security.
Neoclassical Realism And The Underdevelopment Of China S Nuclear Doctrine
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Author : Paolo Rosa
language : en
Publisher: Springer
Release Date : 2018-04-06
Neoclassical Realism And The Underdevelopment Of China S Nuclear Doctrine written by Paolo Rosa and has been published by Springer this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2018-04-06 with Political Science categories.
This book addresses the under-researched discourse of the evolution of Chinese nuclear posture, and in particular, explains the absence from this evolution of a coherent and well-defined operational doctrine. Using a neoclassical realist framework, the book explains why China, after having launched a crash programme in the mid-1950s to develop a nuclear deterrent, did not debate a clear operational doctrine with respect to targeting and employment until the mid-1980s.