Model Based Gun Propellant Formulations
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Model Based Gun Propellant Formulations
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Author :
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 1999
Model Based Gun Propellant Formulations written by and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1999 with categories.
New energetic materials, new explosives, and propellant formulations have traditionally been developed through the following long-standing process. Chemical structures of new energetic compounds are identified and the discovery of suitable synthesis procedures for these new candidates becomes the target of initial research efforts. These synthesis procedures once identified, are repeated and further optimized until the process using laboratory methods is efficient enough to produce small quantities of material. Exploratory development programs are then initiated to formulate, evaluate and further scale-up the synthesis of these materials. These steps are reproduced and repeated to further provide enough maternal for assessing the new composition's performance, sensitivity, safety and vulnerability properties. Once the properties of the composition have been cataloged, the data is made available to program managers and weapon systems designers, and the composition is offered as a potential candidate for incorporation into their programs. Based on the information provided from the basic research and exploratory development efforts, the customer or user may then select a composition that either offers some degree of improvement in their respective programs or which help them meet some predefined performance requirements. Once again, steps can then be undertaken to scale-up and make even larger quantities of material for use in advanced testing and evaluation.
Model Based Green Gun Propellant Formulations Demilitarization Module Cost And Environmental Analysis
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Author :
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 1999
Model Based Green Gun Propellant Formulations Demilitarization Module Cost And Environmental Analysis written by and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1999 with categories.
The environmentally sound demilitarization of energetic materials is a significant issue for the energetic materials community. The Senate Armed Services' committee has described munitions storage depots in the United States as being at their maximum storage capacity, without room for new munitions until such time as the existing munitions stockpile is reduced. The Committee's Report for the FY99 Defense Authorization Bill estimates that there are over 400,000 tons of obsolete, unserviceable or unusable conventional munitions awaiting demilitarization, with that total expected to grow by an additional 400,000 tons by the end of Fiscal Year 1999. The Joint Demilitarization Technology Program estimates that the current demilitarization stockpile requiring resource recovery or disposition costs more than $11 million per year to store. The recent Strategic Environmental Research and Development Program (SERDP) Energetic Materials Environmental Study reports that in the coming years, millions of pounds of gun propellant, with a typical shelf life in excess of 40 years, will be produced by DoD. Ensuring a safe and effective means of demilitarizing and disposing of these munitions has become a serious concern to regulators and a costly burden on the DoD logistic system.
Minimizing Life Cycle Costs Of Gun Propellant Selection Through Model Based Decision Making
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Author : Ronald D. Anderson
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2000-09-01
Minimizing Life Cycle Costs Of Gun Propellant Selection Through Model Based Decision Making written by Ronald D. Anderson and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2000-09-01 with categories.
This work demonstrates the first phases of a newly proposed gun propellant formulation process that will minimize life-cycle costs through science-based design. This new approach proposes maximal use of modeling and simulation in the earliest phases of the developmental cycle to screen candidate formulations, resulting in elimination of probable poor performers and identification of the most promising test candidates. The screening and identification of propellant formulations are demonstrated under the assumption of a specific weapon platform and user requirements. The process of selecting a propellant for the assumed gun system application has been distilled into measurable steps, leading from a set of candidate materials, through logical and numerical filters, to a shorter list of energetic materials demonstrated as viable weapon platform choices. Environmental filtering and performance modeling are used to screen propellants through a well-defined sequence of tests designed to weed out materials not meeting safety, energy, or manufacturability standards. Because much of the testing is performed by computer modeling, the gun systems and energetic materials need not be present (or even existent) in order to be described and matched against performance requirements for future applications. The calculations demonstrate that utilizing computer models rather than physical testing in the early developmental stages of the formulation process can produce enormous savings in labor, material, and environmental costs, along with a tremendous reduction in the time required to select a best candidate" propellant.
Minimizing Life Cycle Costs Of Gun Propellant Selection Through Model Based Decision Making A Case Study In Environmental Screening And Performance Testing
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Author : Ronald D. Anderson
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2000
Minimizing Life Cycle Costs Of Gun Propellant Selection Through Model Based Decision Making A Case Study In Environmental Screening And Performance Testing written by Ronald D. Anderson and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2000 with categories.
This work demonstrates the first phases of a newly proposed gun propellant formulation process that will minimize life-cycle costs through science-based design. This new approach proposes maximal use of modeling and simulation in the earliest phases of the developmental cycle to screen candidate formulations, resulting in elimination of probable poor performers and identification of the most promising test candidates. The screening and identification of propellant formulations are demonstrated under the assumption of a specific weapon platform and user requirements. The process of selecting a propellant for the assumed gun system application has been distilled into measurable steps, leading from a set of candidate materials, through logical and numerical filters, to a shorter list of energetic materials demonstrated as viable weapon platform choices. Environmental filtering and performance modeling are used to screen propellants through a well-defined sequence of tests designed to weed out materials not meeting safety, energy, or manufacturability standards. Because much of the testing is performed by computer modeling, the gun systems and energetic materials need not be present (or even existent) in order to be described and matched against performance requirements for future applications. The calculations demonstrate that utilizing computer models rather than physical testing in the early developmental stages of the formulation process can produce enormous savings in labor, material, and environmental costs, along with a tremendous reduction in the time required to select a.
Minimizing Life Cycle Costs Of Gun Propellant Selection Through Model Based Decision Making A Case Study In Environmental Screening And Performance Testing
DOWNLOAD
Author :
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2000
Minimizing Life Cycle Costs Of Gun Propellant Selection Through Model Based Decision Making A Case Study In Environmental Screening And Performance Testing written by and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2000 with categories.
This work demonstrates the first phases of a newly proposed gun propellant formulation process that will minimize life-cycle costs through science-based design. This new approach proposes maximal use of modeling and simulation in the earliest phases of the developmental cycle to screen candidate formulations, resulting in elimination of probable poor performers and identification of the most promising test candidates. The screening and identification of propellant formulations are demonstrated under the assumption of a specific weapon platform and user requirements. The process of selecting a propellant for the assumed gun system application has been distilled into measurable steps, leading from a set of candidate materials, through logical and numerical filters, to a shorter list of energetic materials demonstrated as viable weapon platform choices. Environmental filtering and performance modeling are used to screen propellants through a well-defined sequence of tests designed to weed out materials not meeting safety, energy, or manufacturability standards. Because much of the testing is performed by computer modeling, the gun systems and energetic materials need not be present (or even existent) in order to be described and matched against performance requirements for future applications. The calculations demonstrate that utilizing computer models rather than physical testing in the early developmental stages of the formulation process can produce enormous savings in labor, material, and environmental costs, along with a tremendous reduction in the time required to select a.
Propellant Formulation Development For Future Army Weapons Systems By Means Of Advanced Modeling And Flame Kinetics Research
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Author :
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2008
Propellant Formulation Development For Future Army Weapons Systems By Means Of Advanced Modeling And Flame Kinetics Research written by and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2008 with categories.
We apply our experimental and modeling results of a number of burner-stabilized flames relevant to the combustion of solid propellants to calculate the burning rates of tri-amino-guanidinium-azotetrazolate (TAGzT) with and without a nitrate ester-based propellant using our CYCLOPS combustion model that we developed at US Army Research Laboratory. The model employs a detailed, chemical reaction mechanism containing 59 species and 368 reactions. Our calculations show that TAGzT enhances the burning rate of the base propellant over a range of pressures used for rockets and guns; a factor of three at 10 MPa.
A New Approach To Propellant Formulation Minimizing Life Cycle Costs Through Science Based Design
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Author :
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2000
A New Approach To Propellant Formulation Minimizing Life Cycle Costs Through Science Based Design written by and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2000 with categories.
The traditional approach to developing propellants for specific gun applications relies heavily on trial and error. Candidate formulations must be made in small quantities and subjected to burning-rate measurements and small-scale vulnerability assessments. If the properties of these candidates fail to meet expectations, the process must be repeated. This approach, while historically unavoidable, is obviously inefficient in time and expense and can generate considerable waste streams associated with unsuccessful formulations. With added considerations of life-cycle costs, including environmental impact at all stages of development, use, and disposal, this traditional approach becomes increasingly unworkable. This report proposes a new approach that makes maximal use of scientific understanding embodied in models during the early phases of the propellant-development cycle. Simple simulations show that this strategy can have a significant impact on the overall costs of the development process. In analogy to the Department of Energy (DOE) program to convert the nuclear-weapon stewardship from testing-based to science-based, we term the new approach science-based design. This new approach will require concentration and leveraging of resources toward the most critical early-phase development steps; with the reality of declining resources, it may be the only credible strategy to reconcile the need for higher-performance weapons.
Study Of New Materials For Gun Propellant Formulations
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Author :
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 1989
Study Of New Materials For Gun Propellant Formulations written by and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1989 with categories.
We are searching for new energetic materials to improve gun- propellant formulations. Theoretical calculations indicate that certain types of high nitrogen compounds produce lower average- molecular-weight gases than those with more carbon, and low average-molecular-weight by-products contribute to higher impetus. Therefore, our target compounds were chosen to contain only the elements C, H, N, and O, with a high percentage of nitrogen, be thermally stable and moderately insensitive to impact. The chemical preparations, impetus, flame temperatures, and heats of formation for the compounds are described.
Combustion Product Evaluation Of Various Charge Sizes And Propellant Formulations Task 1 Report Sampling And Analytical Procedures Proposed For Use In Gun Propellant Combustion Product Characterization
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Author :
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 1988
Combustion Product Evaluation Of Various Charge Sizes And Propellant Formulations Task 1 Report Sampling And Analytical Procedures Proposed For Use In Gun Propellant Combustion Product Characterization written by and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1988 with categories.
A primary object of the program is to relate the amount of combustion products formed to the unit mass of propellant burned. To do this, it will be necessary to relate the amount of material sampled and analyzed to the amount of CO, Carbon dioxide, and Hydrogen in that sample. The relative amounts of these three gases will be determined to establish the temperature at which equilibrium is frozen in the combustion products gases through thermodynamic equilibrium computer calculations on the combustion product composition for the specific propellant formulation used. An additional benefit of the proposed analytical scheme is that the amounts of all chemical species formed in the combustion products can be directly related to the amount of Co, CO2 or H2 present in the breech gas. Carbon monoxide concentrations are often monitored routinely when assessing health problems associated with weapon systems. Such data, when coupled with the chemical analyses derived in the program, will allow assessments to be made of likely operating personnel exposures to a large number of trace species. Analyses will be made for the following chemical species that may be present in propellant combustion gases: Gaseous aldehydes; Polynuclear aromatic hydrocarbons, Gas phase trace organics including mono and diaomatics. Inorganic gases and metals (particulates). Combustion gases will be sampled from the gun barrel, via the gun breech, and from spent casings.
Application Of Demilitarized Gun And Rocket Propellants In Commercial Explosives
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Author : Oldrich Machacek
language : en
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Release Date : 2000-12-31
Application Of Demilitarized Gun And Rocket Propellants In Commercial Explosives written by Oldrich Machacek and has been published by Springer Science & Business Media this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2000-12-31 with Science categories.
This book contains papers presented at the NATO Advanced Research Workshop titled "Application of Gun and Rocket Propellants in Commercial Explosives". (SST.ARW975981) The workshop was organized in collaboration with codirector Dr. Bronislav V. Matseevich (KNIIM) and held in Krasnoarmeisk, Moscow Region, Russia, October 18-21, 1999. About 70 participants from 11 different countries took part in the meeting (Russia, Belarus, Czech Republic, Germany, Belgium, China, USA, Spain, Israel, Ukraine and the Netherlands). The workshop was principally the continuation of a previous NATO workshop on Conversion Concepts for Commercial Application and Disposal Technologies of Energetic Systems" held at Moscow, Russia, May 17-19, 1994 in the specific area of the reuse of gun and rocket propellants as ingredients in commercial explosives. Oldrich Machacek Vll ACKNOWLEDGMENTS I would like to thank Dr. B.V. Matseevich, Director of the Krasnoarmeisk Scientific Research Institute of Mechanization ("KNIIM") for his extensive involvement as co-director in organizing the Advanced Research Workshop in Krasnoarmeisk, Russia. Special thanks goes to Dr. V.P. Glinskij, Dr. LV. Vasiljeva and A.I. Fedonina from KNIIM and Dr. B. Vetlicky for invaluable assistance in preparation and the smooth operation ofthe workshop.