Modeling And Control Of Three Phase Grid Connected Pv Inverters In The Presence Of Grid Faults
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Modeling And Control Of Three Phase Grid Connected Pv Inverters In The Presence Of Grid Faults
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Author : Paresh Vinubhai Patel
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2018
Modeling And Control Of Three Phase Grid Connected Pv Inverters In The Presence Of Grid Faults written by Paresh Vinubhai Patel and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2018 with categories.
"A two-stage photovoltaic grid-connected microgrid modeling approach is presented in this work. The purpose of the modeling is the behavior study of the microgrid during the low-voltage event on the grid. A complete mathematical model is discussed for each component of the system. The MPPT of the photovoltaic system is integrated with the boost controller to inject the constant current in the DC-link. The boost converter and the inverter control is implemented using the cascaded PI control. A dual second-order generalized integrator (DSOGI) method is implemented for the sequence extraction. The inverter controller is designed to meet the grid-code requirement of low-voltage ride through (LVRT) and reactive power injection. The simulation model is designed in a MATLAB/PLECS environment, and the controller design is validated by running a low-voltage event on the grid. To observe the interaction of a multiple PV system with the grid, a nonlinear average model of the two-stage grid-connected PV system was designed and validated against the switching model. A low voltage event on the grid was simulated to observe the impact on the multiple PV system. A power quality event of voltage dip during the unbalance voltage on the grid is presented. The implication of the ungrounded system during the low-voltage event is explained. In addition, the importance of grounding and the effect of the line impedance for the why-connected system is described in detail"--Abstract, page iii.
A High Performance Three Phase Grid Connected Pv System Based On Multilevel Current Source Inverter
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Author : Prajna Paramita Dash
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2013
A High Performance Three Phase Grid Connected Pv System Based On Multilevel Current Source Inverter written by Prajna Paramita Dash and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2013 with categories.
Current Source Inverter (CSI) topology is gaining acceptance as a competitive alternative for grid interface of renewable energy systems due to its unique and advantageous features. Merits of CSI over the more popular Voltage Source Inverter (VSI) topology have been elaborated on by a number of researchers. However, there is a dearth of quality work in modeling and control of CSI topology interfacing renewable energy resources to the grid. To enrich the study focussing on application of CSI for renewable energy interface, this thesis develops a multilevel structure based on CSI for three-phase grid-connected Photovoltaic (PV) application. In the first part of research, a single-stage CSI interfacing to PV array is developed. The CSI-based PV system is equipped with Maximum Power Point Tracker (MPPT), DC-link current controller, and AC-side current controller. To eliminate the nonlinearity introduced by the PV array, a feed-forward control is introduced in the DC-link current controller. The AC-side current controller is responsible for maintaining unity power factor at the Point of Common Coupling (PCC). To verify the performance of the developed CSI-based PV system, a number of simulation studies are carried out in PSCAD/EMTDC environment. To illustrate the performance of the CSI-based PV system during transients on the grid side, simulation studies are carried out for four kinds of faults. Results obtained from fault studies are highly in favor of CSI topology and provide illustrative evidence for short-circuit current protection capability of the CSI. On the other hand, the VSI-based PV system performs poorly when subjected to similar grid transients. To extend the research on CSI-based PV system further, a multilevel structure based on CSI is developed. The multilevel structure is a parallel combination of $n$ CSI units and capable of producing $2n+1$ levels of current at the terminal of the inverter. Each unit in the multilevel structure has its own MPPT, DC-link current controller. However, on the AC-side a combined current controller is proposed. The design results in a high power rating with reduced number of filters, sensors and controllers. The developed multilevel structure can operate with PV arrays exposed to equal and unequal insolation level. However, when the PV arrays are operating under unequal insolation level, low order harmonics are generated in the sinusoidal current that is injected into the grid. Elimination of these harmonics is performed by implementing a modified control strategy in stationary reference frame that corresponds to the harmonic component that needs to be minimized. The modified control strategy operates in coordination with the existing DC-side and AC-side current controllers, and MPPTs. Therefore, real-time suppression of current harmonics can be ensured. Performance of the multilevel structure is verified by different transient studies.
Solar Photovoltaic Power Plants
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Author : Radu-Emil Precup
language : en
Publisher: Springer
Release Date : 2019-02-07
Solar Photovoltaic Power Plants written by Radu-Emil Precup and has been published by Springer this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2019-02-07 with Technology & Engineering categories.
This book discusses control and optimization techniques in the broadest sense, covering new theoretical results and the applications of newly developed methods for PV systems. Going beyond classical control techniques, it promotes the use of more efficient control and optimization strategies based on linearized models and purely continuous (or discrete) models. These new strategies not only enhance the performance of the PV systems, but also decrease the cost per kilowatt-hour generated.
Modeling And Simulation Of Three Phase Inverter To Investigate Fault Detection In Distribution Systems
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Author : Shiva Prasad Pokharel
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2014
Modeling And Simulation Of Three Phase Inverter To Investigate Fault Detection In Distribution Systems written by Shiva Prasad Pokharel and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2014 with Electric inverters categories.
Ever increasing integration of distributed generators (DGs) is bringing new challenges to the protection and control of electric power distribution systems. Connections of power electronics (PE) based DGs bring further challenges in detection of disturbance events and distinguishing faults because of the the active current limiting feature of these inverters. Control of PE based DGs has been discussed in literature with different control approaches and algorithms for grid connected and standalone modes of operation. This thesis presents per phase based control of three phase inverter in dq frame of reference. A simulation model is built in PSCAD for the grid connection operation of this inverter using the standard IEEE 13 node test feeder. Performance of the inverter is extensively tested during different types of disturbances: faults, capacitor switching and load switching. Finally, recorded waveforms obtained during such disturbances are analyzed in order to detect and differentiate faults from load and capacitor switching events.
Grid Connected Pv Inverters
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Author : Jordana Bratt
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2011
Grid Connected Pv Inverters written by Jordana Bratt and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2011 with categories.
The need for a cleaner environment and the continuous increase in power demands makes renewable energy production like solar and wind increasingly interesting. Energy production using solar energy could be a solution for the ever increasing power demands. This demand overloads the distribution grids as well as the power stations having a negative impact on power quality and availability. One solution to this problem is grid-connected photovoltaic (PV) systems. A PV array has an optimum operating point, known as the maximum power point, which varies according to cell temperature and insulation level and array voltage. A maximum power point tracker (MPPT) is needed to operate the PV array at the optimal point enabling the system to extract the maximum amount of energy available. Once the system is in place it can be either connected to a charge a battery or to the grid through an inverter. This research explores the different methods for modeling a PV array and simulates in Simulink a comprehensivemodel of a PV cell that can be expanded into arrays, modules and panels, allowing the user to edit the PV model based solely on the datasheet parameters. This model is coupled to a DC-DC booster (step up converter). By manipulating the duty cycle of the DC-DC booster the system implements two of the most popular MPPT methods to extract maximum power: Incremental Conductance and Perturb and Observe. The model is then tested under various conditions for different loads, irradiance and temperature comparing it to the values provided by the manufacture's datasheet. The system is then connected to either a Single Phase Inverter or a Three Phase Inverter implemented in Simulink. The final step is the grid synchronization through two proposed methods of NREL: voltage control and current control. Several simulations were performed to make sure the system complied with all IEEE 1547 standards. The overall PV model system has an efficiency of 98.2% with the best performance under the Incremental Conductance algorithm. The inverter model complies with all IEEE 1547 standards varying a maximum of 5% under different testing conditions.
Integration Of Distributed Generation In The Power System
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Author : Math H. J. Bollen
language : en
Publisher: John Wiley & Sons
Release Date : 2011-08-09
Integration Of Distributed Generation In The Power System written by Math H. J. Bollen and has been published by John Wiley & Sons this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2011-08-09 with Technology & Engineering categories.
The integration of new sources of energy like wind power, solar-power, small-scale generation, or combined heat and power in the power grid is something that impacts a lot of stakeholders: network companies (both distribution and transmission), the owners and operators of the DG units, other end-users of the power grid (including normal consumers like you and me) and not in the least policy makers and regulators. There is a lot of misunderstanding about the impact of DG on the power grid, with one side (including mainly some but certainly not all, network companies) claiming that the lights will go out soon, whereas the other side (including some DG operators and large parks of the general public) claiming that there is nothing to worry about and that it's all a conspiracy of the large production companies that want to protect their own interests and keep the electricity price high. The authors are of the strong opinion that this is NOT the way one should approach such an important subject as the integration of new, more environmentally friendly, sources of energy in the power grid. With this book the authors aim to bring some clarity to the debate allowing all stakeholders together to move to a solution. This book will introduce systematic and transparent methods for quantifying the impact of DG on the power grid.
Power Converter Of Electric Machines Renewable Energy Systems And Transportation
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Author : Adolfo Dannier
language : en
Publisher: MDPI
Release Date : 2021-09-02
Power Converter Of Electric Machines Renewable Energy Systems And Transportation written by Adolfo Dannier and has been published by MDPI this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2021-09-02 with Technology & Engineering categories.
Power converters and electric machines represent essential components in all fields of electrical engineering. In fact, we are heading towards a future where energy will be more and more electrical: electrical vehicles, electrical motors, renewables, storage systems are now widespread. The ongoing energy transition poses new challenges for interfacing and integrating different power systems. The constraints of space, weight, reliability, performance, and autonomy for the electric system have increased the attention of scientific research in order to find more and more appropriate technological solutions. In this context, power converters and electric machines assume a key role in enabling higher performance of electrical power conversion. Consequently, the design and control of power converters and electric machines shall be developed accordingly to the requirements of the specific application, thus leading to more specialized solutions, with the aim of enhancing the reliability, fault tolerance, and flexibility of the next generation power systems.
Modeling And Analysis Of Three Phase Grid Tied Photovoltaic Systems
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Author : Anand Narayanan
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2010
Modeling And Analysis Of Three Phase Grid Tied Photovoltaic Systems written by Anand Narayanan and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2010 with Distributed generation of electric power categories.
Market acceptability of distributed energy resource (DER) technologies and the gradual and consistent increase in their depth of penetration have generated significant interest over the past few years. In particular, in Arizona and several other states there has been a substantial in-crease in distributed photovoltaic (PV) generation interfaced to the power distribution systems, and is expected to continue to grow at a significant rate. This has made integration, control and optimal operation of DER units a main area of focus in the design and operation of distribution systems. Grid-connected, distributed PV covers a wide range of power levels ranging from small, single phase residential roof-top systems to large three-phase, multi-megawatt systems. The focus of this work is on analyzing large, three-phase systems, with the power distribution system of the Arizona State University (ASU) Tempe campus used as the test bed for analysis and simulation. The Tempe campus of ASU has presently 4.5 MW of installed PV capacity, with another 4.5 MW expected to be added by 2011, which will represent about 22% of PV penetration. The PV systems are interfaced to the grid invariably by a power electronic inverter. Many of the important characteristics of the PV generation are influenced by the design and performance of the inverter, and hence suitable models of the inverter are needed to analyze PV systems. Several models of distributed generation (DG), including switching and average models, suitable for different study objectives, and different control modes of the inverter have been described in this thesis. A critical function of the inverters is to quickly detect and eliminate unintentional islands during grid failure. In this thesis, many active anti-islanding techniques with voltage and frequency positive feedback have been studied. Effectiveness of these techniques in terms of the tripping times specified in IEEE Std. 1547 for interconnecting distributed resources with electric power systems has been analyzed. The impact of distributed PV on the voltage profile of a distribution system has been ana-lyzed with ASU system as the test bed using power systems analysis tools namely PowerWorld and CYMDIST. The present inverters complying with IEEE 1547 do not regulate the system vol-tage. However, the future inverters especially at higher power levels are expected to perform sev-eral grid support functions including voltage regulation and reactive power support. Hence, the impact of inverters with the reactive power support capabilities is also analyzed. Various test sce-narios corresponding to different grid conditions are simulated and it is shown that distributed PV improves the voltage profile of the system. The improvements are more significant when the PV generators are capable of reactive power support. Detailed short circuit analyses are also per-formed on the system, and the impact of distributed PV on the fault current magnitude, with and without reactive power injection, have been studied.
Voltage Sourced Converters In Power Systems
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Author : Amirnaser Yazdani
language : en
Publisher: John Wiley & Sons
Release Date : 2010-03-25
Voltage Sourced Converters In Power Systems written by Amirnaser Yazdani and has been published by John Wiley & Sons this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2010-03-25 with Technology & Engineering categories.
Presents Fundamentals of Modeling, Analysis, and Control of Electric Power Converters for Power System Applications Electronic (static) power conversion has gained widespread acceptance in power systems applications; electronic power converters are increasingly employed for power conversion and conditioning, compensation, and active filtering. This book presents the fundamentals for analysis and control of a specific class of high-power electronic converters—the three-phase voltage-sourced converter (VSC). Voltage-Sourced Converters in Power Systems provides a necessary and unprecedented link between the principles of operation and the applications of voltage-sourced converters. The book: Describes various functions that the VSC can perform in electric power systems Covers a wide range of applications of the VSC in electric power systems—including wind power conversion systems Adopts a systematic approach to the modeling and control design problems Illustrates the control design procedures and expected performance based on a comprehensive set of examples and digital computer time-domain simulation studies This comprehensive text presents effective techniques for mathematical modeling and control design, and helps readers understand the procedures and analysis steps. Detailed simulation case studies are included to highlight the salient points and verify the designs. Voltage-Sourced Converters in Power Systems is an ideal reference for senior undergraduate and graduate students in power engineering programs, practicing engineers who deal with grid integration and operation of distributed energy resource units, design engineers, and researchers in the area of electric power generation, transmission, distribution, and utilization.
Design Control And Harmonic Compensation For Stand Alone And Grid Connected Voltage Source Converters Simulation And Experimental Validations
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Author : Ahmed Ali Nazeri
language : en
Publisher: BoD – Books on Demand
Release Date : 2024-01-01
Design Control And Harmonic Compensation For Stand Alone And Grid Connected Voltage Source Converters Simulation And Experimental Validations written by Ahmed Ali Nazeri and has been published by BoD – Books on Demand this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2024-01-01 with Technology & Engineering categories.
Voltage source converters (VSCs), among other power converters, play a crucial role in supplying power to both local loads and the grid at the PCC. During stand-alone operation, VSCs ensure stable power for loads by regulating the output voltage. In grid-connected mode, the regulation shifts to controlling output current, such as converter side current (CSC) or grid side current (GSC), to inject sinusoidal current into the electrical grid. The nonlinear characteristics of the loads connected to the power converters result in significantly distorted output voltages. This capability is crucial for applications such as uninterruptible power supply (UPS), emphasizing the importance of precise output voltage control. Similarly, in grid-connected mode, the CSC or the GSC is regulated to inject low THD current. The aim is to mitigate grid current harmonics arising from dead time and distorted grid voltages. Therefore, the harmonic mitigation of the grid current control is investigated in this work. This work presents the implementation of the proportional resonant plus multi-resonant (PR-MR) and practical proportional resonant plus multi-resonant (PMR-MR) harmonic controllers in the voltage and current control loops to mitigate the high-order harmonic currents.