Modeling Of Anisotropic Electromagnetic Reflection From Sea Ice
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Modeling Of Anisotropic Electromagnetic Reflection From Sea Ice
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Author : Kenneth M. Golden
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 1980
Modeling Of Anisotropic Electromagnetic Reflection From Sea Ice written by Kenneth M. Golden and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1980 with Anisotropy categories.
Investigations Of Sea Ice Anisotropy Electromagnetic Properties Strength And Under Ice Current Orientation
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Author : Austin Kovacs
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 1980
Investigations Of Sea Ice Anisotropy Electromagnetic Properties Strength And Under Ice Current Orientation written by Austin Kovacs and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1980 with Remote sensing categories.
Crrel Report
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Author : Cold Regions Research and Engineering Laboratory (U.S.)
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 1980
Crrel Report written by Cold Regions Research and Engineering Laboratory (U.S.) and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1980 with Frozen ground categories.
Technical Report
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Author : Cold Regions Research and Engineering Laboratory (U.S.)
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 1980
Technical Report written by Cold Regions Research and Engineering Laboratory (U.S.) and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1980 with Frozen ground categories.
Microwave Remote Sensing Of Sea Ice
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Author : Frank D. Carsey
language : en
Publisher: American Geophysical Union
Release Date : 1992-04-08
Microwave Remote Sensing Of Sea Ice written by Frank D. Carsey and has been published by American Geophysical Union this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1992-04-08 with Science categories.
Published by the American Geophysical Union as part of the Geophysical Monograph Series, Volume 68. Human activities in the polar regions have undergone incredible changes in this century. Among these changes is the revolution that satellites have brought about in obtaining information concerning polar geophysical processes. Satellites have flown for about three decades, and the polar regions have been the subject of their routine surveillance for more than half that time. Our observations of polar regions have evolved from happenstance ship sightings and isolated harbor icing records to routine global records obtained by those satellites. Thanks to such abundant data, we now know a great deal about the ice-covered seas, which constitute about 10% of the Earth's surface. This explosion of information about sea ice has fascinated scientists for some 20 years. We are now at a point of transition in sea ice studies; we are concerned less about ice itself and more about its role in the climate system. This change in emphasis has been the prime stimulus for this book.
Field Techniques For Sea Ice Research
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Author : Hajo Eicken
language : en
Publisher: University of Alaska Press
Release Date : 2010-03-15
Field Techniques For Sea Ice Research written by Hajo Eicken and has been published by University of Alaska Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2010-03-15 with Science categories.
As much as one-tenth of the world’s oceans are covered with sea ice, or frozen ocean water, at some point during the annual cycle. Sea ice thus plays an important, often defining, role in the natural environment and the global climate system. This book is a global look at the changes in sea ice and the tools and techniques used to measure and record those changes. The first comprehensive research done on sea-ice field techniques, this volume will be indispensable for the study of northern sea ice and a must-have for scientists in the field of climate change research.
Crrel Technical Publications
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Author : Cold Regions Research and Engineering Laboratory (U.S.)
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 1981
Crrel Technical Publications written by Cold Regions Research and Engineering Laboratory (U.S.) and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1981 with Engineering categories.
The Geophysics Of Sea Ice
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Author : Norbert Untersteiner
language : en
Publisher: Springer
Release Date : 2013-12-19
The Geophysics Of Sea Ice written by Norbert Untersteiner and has been published by Springer this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2013-12-19 with Science categories.
Based on the proceedings of the NATO Advanced Study Institute on Air-Sea-Ice Interaction held September 28-October 10, 1981 in Acquafredda di maratea, Italy. Intent is to present the topic of sea ice in the broad and interdisciplinary context of atmospheric and oceanographic science.
Crrel Benchnotes
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Author :
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 1976
Crrel Benchnotes written by and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1976 with Cold regions categories.
Modeling Of Anisotropic Electromagnetic Reflection From Sea Ice
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Author : Kenneth M. Golden
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 1980
Modeling Of Anisotropic Electromagnetic Reflection From Sea Ice written by Kenneth M. Golden and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1980 with categories.
The contribution of brine layers to observed reflective anisotropy of sea ice at 100 MHz is quantitatively assessed. The sea ice is considered to be a stratified, inhomogeneous, anisotropic dielectric consisting of pure ice containing ordered arrays of conducting inclusions (brine layers). Below the transition zone, the ice is assumed to have constant azimuthal c-axis orientation within the horizontal plane, so that the orientation of brine layers is uniform. The brine layers are also assumed to become increasingly well-defined with depth, since adjacent brine inclusions tend to fuse together with increasing temperature. A theoretical explanation for observed reflective anisotropy is proposed in terms of anisotropic electric flux penetration into the brine layers. Penetration anisotropy and brine layer geometry are linked to anisotropy in the complex dielectric constant of sea ice. In order to illustrate the above effects we present a numerical method of approximating the reflected power of a plane wave pulse incident on a slab of sea ice. Mixture dielectric constants are calculated for two polarizations of the incident wave: (1) the electric field parallel to the c-axis direction, and (2) the electric field perpendicular to the c-axis direction. These dielectric constants are then used to calculate power reflection coefficients for the two polarizations. Significant bottom reflection (R approximates 0.08) occurs when the polarization is parallel to the c-axis. However, when the polarization is perpendicular to the c-axis, the return may be almost completely extinguished (R less than 0.001). (Author).