Molecular Biological Markers For Toxicology And Risk Assessment
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Molecular Biological Markers For Toxicology And Risk Assessment
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Author : Bruce A. Fowler
language : en
Publisher: Academic Press
Release Date : 2016-06-10
Molecular Biological Markers For Toxicology And Risk Assessment written by Bruce A. Fowler and has been published by Academic Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2016-06-10 with Medical categories.
Molecular Biological Markers for Toxicology and Risk Assessment provides an introduction to the exciting field of biomarkers and their use in toxicology and risk assessment. In recent years, new classes of molecular biomarkers capable of detecting early manifestations of ongoing chemical-induced cell injury and cell death have been developed as a result of advances in analytical chemistry, molecular biology, and computational modeling. The interplay between these emergent tools of science has resulted in new insights into initial mechanisms of chemical-induced toxicity and carcinogenicity. Molecular Biological Markers for Toxicology and Risk Assessment guides the reader through a broad range of molecular biological markers, including the "omic" biomarkers, and provides an examination of the various elements in the evolution of these modern tools. It then explores possible ways in which these markers may be applied to advance the field of chemical risk assessment. Since molecular biomarkers and related technologies are inherently complex, the book concludes with a section on risk communication in order that readers may appreciate both the strengths and limitations of molecular biological marker approaches to risk assessment practice. Introduces the use of molecular biomarkers to detect toxic effects of chemicals as early as possible Provides an accessible overview of this emerging, interdisciplinary field, to best inform decision making in chemical and pharmaceutical safety Includes a section on risk communication of these complex concepts, essential for effective risk assessment Provides new insights into the initial mechanisms of chemical-induced toxicity and carcinogenicity
Computational Toxicology
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Author : Hong Fang
language : en
Publisher: Elsevier Inc. Chapters
Release Date : 2013-06-04
Computational Toxicology written by Hong Fang and has been published by Elsevier Inc. Chapters this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2013-06-04 with Medical categories.
Current advances in genomics, proteomics, and metabolomics are widely anticipated to translate in the future to a constellation of benefits in human health. However, few biomarkers for risk assessment using “omics” technologies have been reported in the last decade. Nevertheless, the potential application for omics technologies is tremendous. The use of biomarker-based monitoring approaches as a tool for environmental risk assessment is often critically limited by a lack of integrated bioinformatics approaches, statistical analyses, and predictive models. In this chapter we discuss the key steps for omics biomarker discovery and also present the use of the decision forest (DF) classification method as an example with specific application to microarray gene expression data, proteomics, and SNP genotypic data. An integrated bioinformatics approach with the correct choice of samples, omics technologies, and statistical techniques will allow the development of powerful new biomarkers for safety assessment.
Scientific Frontiers In Developmental Toxicology And Risk Assessment
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Author : National Research Council
language : en
Publisher: National Academies Press
Release Date : 2000-12-21
Scientific Frontiers In Developmental Toxicology And Risk Assessment written by National Research Council and has been published by National Academies Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2000-12-21 with Nature categories.
Scientific Frontiers in Developmental Toxicology and Risk Assessment reviews advances made during the last 10-15 years in fields such as developmental biology, molecular biology, and genetics. It describes a novel approach for how these advances might be used in combination with existing methodologies to further the understanding of mechanisms of developmental toxicity, to improve the assessment of chemicals for their ability to cause developmental toxicity, and to improve risk assessment for developmental defects. For example, based on the recent advances, even the smallest, simplest laboratory animals such as the fruit fly, roundworm, and zebrafish might be able to serve as developmental toxicological models for human biological systems. Use of such organisms might allow for rapid and inexpensive testing of large numbers of chemicals for their potential to cause developmental toxicity; presently, there are little or no developmental toxicity data available for the majority of natural and manufactured chemicals in use. This new approach to developmental toxicology and risk assessment will require simultaneous research on several fronts by experts from multiple scientific disciplines, including developmental toxicologists, developmental biologists, geneticists, epidemiologists, and biostatisticians.
Toxicity Pathway Based Risk Assessment
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Author : National Research Council
language : en
Publisher: National Academies Press
Release Date : 2010-06-07
Toxicity Pathway Based Risk Assessment written by National Research Council and has been published by National Academies Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2010-06-07 with Nature categories.
In 2007, the National Research Council envisioned a new paradigm in which biologically important perturbations in key toxicity pathways would be evaluated with new methods in molecular biology, bioinformatics, computational toxicology, and a comprehensive array of in vitro tests based primarily on human biology. Although some considered the vision too optimistic with respect to the promise of the new science, no one can deny that a revolution in toxicity testing is under way. New approaches are being developed, and data are being generated. As a result, the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) expects a large influx of data that will need to be evaluated. EPA also is faced with tens of thousands of chemicals on which toxicity information is incomplete and emerging chemicals and substances that will need risk assessment and possible regulation. Therefore, the agency asked the National Research Council to convene a symposium to stimulate discussion on the application of the new approaches and data in risk assessment. The symposium was held on May 11-13, 2009, in Washington, DC, and included presentations and discussion sessions on pathway-based approaches for hazard identification, applications of new approaches to mode-of-action analyses, the challenges to and opportunities for risk assessment in the changing paradigm, and future directions.
Computational Toxicology
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Author : Bruce A. Fowler
language : en
Publisher: Academic Press
Release Date : 2013-06-04
Computational Toxicology written by Bruce A. Fowler and has been published by Academic Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2013-06-04 with Computers categories.
Computational Toxicology: Methods and Applications for Risk Assessment is an essential reference on the translation of computational toxicology data into information that can be used for more informed risk assessment decision-making. This book is authored by leading international investigators who have real-world experience in relating computational toxicology methods to risk assessment. Key topics of interest include QSAR modeling, chemical mixtures, applications to metabolomic and metabonomic data sets, toxicogenomic analyses, applications to REACH informational strategies and much more. The examples provided in this book are based on cutting-edge technologies and set out to stimulate the further development of this promising field to offer rapid, better and more cost-effective answers to major public health concerns. Authored by leading international researchers engaged in cutting-edge applications of computational methods for translating complex toxicological data sets into useful risk assessment information Incorporates real-world examples of how computational toxicological methods have been applied to advance the science of risk assessment Provides the framework necessary for new technologies and fosters common vocabularies and principles upon which the effects of new chemical entities should be compared
Biologic Markers In Urinary Toxicology
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Author : National Research Council
language : en
Publisher: National Academies Press
Release Date : 1995-08-28
Biologic Markers In Urinary Toxicology written by National Research Council and has been published by National Academies Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1995-08-28 with Science categories.
Diseases of the kidney, bladder, and prostate exact an enormous human and economic toll on the population of the United States. This book examines prevention of these diseases through the development of reliable markers of susceptibility, exposure, and effect and the promise that new technologies in molecular biology and sophisticated understanding of metabolic pathways, along with classical approaches to the study of nephrotoxicants and carcinogens, can be developed and prevention of the diseases achieved. The specific recommendations included in this book complement those made in the previous three volumes on biomarkers, Biologic Markers in Reproductive Toxicology (1989), Biologic Markers in Pulmonary Toxicology (1989), and Biologic Markers in Immunotoxicology (1991).
Biological Concepts And Techniques In Toxicology
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Author : Jim E. Riviere
language : en
Publisher: CRC Press
Release Date : 2006-03-06
Biological Concepts And Techniques In Toxicology written by Jim E. Riviere and has been published by CRC Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2006-03-06 with Medical categories.
Highlighting the latest advances in molecular biology, mathematical modeling, quantitative risk assessment, and biopharmaceutical development, this reference presents how current scientific applications and methods impact and revolutionize mainstream toxicological research. Presenting findings from disciplines that will impact the future of toxicol
Genetic Toxicology And Cancer Risk Assessment
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Author : Wai Nang Choy
language : en
Publisher: CRC Press
Release Date : 2001-08-31
Genetic Toxicology And Cancer Risk Assessment written by Wai Nang Choy and has been published by CRC Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2001-08-31 with Medical categories.
Presents state-of-the-art regulatory cancer risk assessment models including a biologically based model for two-hit carcinogenesis and cell proliferation! This book comprehensively reviews the various roles of genetic toxicology in human cancer risk assessment conducted by United States and worldwide regulatory agencies-discussing hazard identification, dose-response relationships, exposure assessment, and current practices of risk characterization. Examines predictive values of mutagenicity tests, mechanisms of carcinogenesis, and conventional genotoxicity tests required by the International Conference on Harmonization and the Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development/Environmental Protection Agency guidelines! Comprised of contributions from prominent experts and risk assessors and including nearly 1200 references to facilitate further study, Genetic Toxicology and Cancer Risk Assessment reviews contemporary human cancer genetics as related to the mutagenic nature of carcinogenesis calculates acceptable exposure levels based on a carcinogenic threshold dose for nongenotoxic carcinogens reveals the rationale and methodology of quantitative estimation of human cancer risks using mathematical models discusses the threshold concept of carcinogenesis demonstrates how bacterial mutagenicity assays are the most reliable for predicting rodent carcinogens considers structural activity relationship (SAR) analysis of chemical carcinogenicity describes the emergence of the mouse lymphoma microwell and in vitro micronucleus assays illustrates the use of genetic biomarkers for dosimetry analysis and more! Linking human cancer genetics, mutagenicity assays, mechanisms of carcinogenesis, carcinogenic thresholds, molecular epidemiology, mathematical modeling, and quantitative cancer risk analysis, Genetic Toxicology and Cancer Risk Assessment is a must-have reference for toxicologists; oncologists; geneticists; biostatisticians; reproductive, developmental, cell, and molecular biologists; endocrinologists; biochemists; and upper-level undergraduate, graduate, and medical school students in these disciplines.
Environmental Toxicology And Risk Assessment
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Author : Diane S. Henshel
language : en
Publisher: ASTM International
Release Date : 1996
Environmental Toxicology And Risk Assessment written by Diane S. Henshel and has been published by ASTM International this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1996 with Biochemical markers categories.
Papers presented at symposium as in title, held 3-5 April 1995, Denver, Colo.
Molecular Environmental Biology
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Author : Seymour J. Garte
language : en
Publisher: CRC Press
Release Date : 1993-11-23
Molecular Environmental Biology written by Seymour J. Garte and has been published by CRC Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1993-11-23 with Science categories.
Molecular Environmental Biology is the first book to illustrate molecular biological approaches to major issues in environmental biology. International experts have contributed representative chapters that cover how molecular methods and concepts apply to wildlife management, ecology, pollution control and remediation, and environmental health. Specific topics discussed include the use of molecular techniques in the population biology of wild animals and in the management of fisheries, bioremediation, cloning and characterization of the genes responsible for degradation of PCBs and related environmental pollutants, molecular analysis of aromatic hydrocarbon degradation by soil bacteria, and molecular biological techniques in assessing environmental damage to natural habitats. The book also explores how new molecular approaches can be applied to human disease etiology and epidemiology. Topics discussed in this area include an introduction to molecular epidemiology, the uses of molecular biological markers in cancer risk assessment, specific environmental carcinogens found in foods, measuring DNA adducts and mutation frequencies to assess environmental toxic exposures and effect, and using the extent of gene inducibility as a dosimeter of toxic exposure. This book will interest researchers and students in all fields of environmental biology and environmental medicine. Readers will find information on new techniques and applications of established molecular methodology that will stimulate new research ideas, collaborations, and progress. Researchers will now have a chance to make rapid progress on environmental questions that were previously not even open for exploration.