Monitoring Antagonistic Fungi Deliberately Released Into The Environment
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Monitoring Antagonistic Fungi Deliberately Released Into The Environment
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Author : Dan Funck Jensen
language : en
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Release Date : 2012-12-06
Monitoring Antagonistic Fungi Deliberately Released Into The Environment written by Dan Funck Jensen and has been published by Springer Science & Business Media this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2012-12-06 with Science categories.
Microorganisms, including those genetically modified (GMOs), are increasingly being released deliberately into the environment for different purposes. One major interest is the use of antagonistic organisms for biological control of pests and plant diseases. Both in the development of biocontrol agents and their later risk assessment and product approval, there is a need for methods that facilitate monitoring of such introduced microorganisms. This book particularly addresses the various approaches for monitoring introduced fungi and the current status of techniques which may be relevant to use are described. Such techniques include marker genes and other DNA-based techniques, serology using polyclonals or monoclonals, the use of enzymes or secondary metabolite profiles, and `electronic noses' as well as more traditional methods like dilution plating.
Biological Control
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Author : Heikki M. T. Hokkanen
language : en
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
Release Date : 2003-10-30
Biological Control written by Heikki M. T. Hokkanen and has been published by Cambridge University Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2003-10-30 with Medical categories.
Biological control of insect pests, plant pathogens, and weeds is the only major alternative to the use of chemical pesticides in agriculture and forestry. This book is the first comprehensive attempt at a balanced benefit/risk assessment of biological control. It covers classical biological control of pests and weeds, augmentation of natural enemies, and the use of biopesticides. Unique sections deal with genetic engineering of biocontrol agents and crop plants, economic analysis of biocontrol, and the ecological consequences of the introduction of organisms. The book will be of interest to researchers and postgraduate students in biotechnology, agriculture, forestry, and environmental sciences.
Trichoderma And Gliocladium
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Author : Gary E. Harman
language : en
Publisher: CRC Press
Release Date : 2002-09-11
Trichoderma And Gliocladium written by Gary E. Harman and has been published by CRC Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2002-09-11 with Science categories.
Fungi belonging to the genera Trichoderma and Gliocladium are soil- bourne saprophytes which have been used for industrial and agricultural applications for decades. Some strains produce enzymes and antibiotics while others are useful as biological agents for the protection of plants against pathogens. This second volume of two describes the commercial uses of Trichoderma and Gliocladium, beginning with an in depth discussion of the degradation of polysaccharides and macromolecules by fungal enzymes. The application of the fungi in biocontrol for agricultural purposes is then examined. The final section of this volume deals with protein production and the utilisation of Trichoderma enzymes by various industries.
Microorganisms In Plant Conservation And Biodiversity
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Author : K. Sivasithamparam
language : en
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Release Date : 2007-05-08
Microorganisms In Plant Conservation And Biodiversity written by K. Sivasithamparam and has been published by Springer Science & Business Media this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2007-05-08 with Science categories.
Plant conservation is increasingly recognised as an outstanding global priority, yet despite considerable efforts over the last few decades, the number of threatened species continues to rise. The practice of plant conservation has for too long been a rather hit-or-miss mixture of methods. While microorganisms have been recognised as a crucial and essential element in supporting the lifecycles of plant species, there has been limited recognition of the relationships between macro level conservation facilitating ecosystem functioning at the micro level. This book addresses the role of microorganisms in conservation - both their support functions and deleterious roles in ecosystem processes and species survival. Importantly, a number of authors highlight how microbial diversity is, itself, now under threat from the many and pervasive influences of man. What is clear from this volume is that like many contemporary treatments of plant and animal conservation, the solution to mitigate the erosion of biodiversity is not simple. This book represents an attempt to bring to the fore the ecological underwriting provided by microorganisms.
Trichomycetes And Other Fungal Groups
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Author : J K Misra
language : en
Publisher: CRC Press
Release Date : 2001-01-09
Trichomycetes And Other Fungal Groups written by J K Misra and has been published by CRC Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2001-01-09 with Science categories.
The book has been divided into two parts. Part I comprises review chapters on trichomycetes - including the history, taxonomy, phylogeny, biogeography ultrastructure, and physiology of trichomycetes. Part II comprises a composite of topics. It begins with two chapters on insect-fungus associations (ant pathogenic fungi and bark beetle galleries) fo
Botrytis Biology Pathology And Control
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Author : Y. Elad
language : en
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Release Date : 2007-10-13
Botrytis Biology Pathology And Control written by Y. Elad and has been published by Springer Science & Business Media this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2007-10-13 with Science categories.
Botrytis cinerea and other Botrytis species are important pathogens of nursery plants, vegetables, ornamental, field and orchard crops and stored and transported agricultural products. Over the last 125 years, Botrytis spp. have been investigated by an increasing number of specialists in diverse fields including chemistry, biochemistry, molecular and cell biology, genetics, morphology and histology, taxonomy, host-parasite interaction, ecology and epidemiology and they have been the subject of an immense number of published studies. Considerable effort is invested in protecting the agricultural produce against Botrytis before and after harvest. The market size for anti-Botrytis products is currently estimated at US$ 15-25 million in recent years. The intensity of anti-Botrytis measures taken by farmers continued unabated throughout the last 20 years but our understanding of the processes that govern Botrytis life cycles, pathogenicity and epidemiology have become comprehensive. During the compilation of this book the aim was to create a most comprehensive treatise on the rapidly developing science of Botrytis and to serve as a stimulus to future research for the benefit of agriculture and horticulture and all those who serve these industries; i.e. researchers and students, farm advisers and agriculture specialists. The book is the result of intensive work of 43 authors, all of whom are leading scientists in the Botrytis sciences. Each chapter describes a particular aspect of fungal biology and its impact on disease processes and host response. New technologies have arisen that when applied to long-standing problems or to test new hypotheses have been most rewarding and many of these are covered in this book. The chapters are cross linked so that readers can follow associated material to better understand the practical implications of the advances made in fundamental science. The twenty inter-connected chapters of the book are grouped according to three major themes: the fungus and its pathogenicity factors; plant reactions to infection; and epidemiology and management of important Botrytis-incited diseases. This book adopts a multidisciplinary approach to integrate the state-of-the-art knowledge in all key areas of common interest in the fungi and their plant interactions. The book includes detailed reviews of Botrytis spp. and the diseases they cause in plant systems and provides a comprehensive description of these fungal necrotrophs, including their diversity of response to the environment, their speciation and relatedness, sources of variation for evolution and molecular genetics and genomics. Aspects of Botrytis-host interactions, pathogenicity factors, the plant's reactions to infection, morphology and cellular organization, signaling, key enzymes, reactive oxygen species and oxidative processes in disease on-set, secondary metabolites as plant defense substances and the role of phytohormones in such reactions are emphasized in the book. Several innovative approaches for disease management of this group of destructive pathogens and methods of detection, epidemiological studies and chemical and biological control are also discussed.
Pcr Detection Of Microbial Pathogens
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Author : Konrad Sachse
language : en
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Release Date : 2003
Pcr Detection Of Microbial Pathogens written by Konrad Sachse and has been published by Springer Science & Business Media this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2003 with Medical categories.
Hands-on laboratory experts present a set of "classic" PCR-based methods for the identification and detection of important animal and food microbial pathogens, including several zoonotic agents. These proven techniques can be precisely applied to a wide variety of microbes, among them Campylobacter spp., chlamydiae, toxigenic clostridia, Escherichia coli (STEC), Listeria monocytogenes, mycoplasmas, salmonellae, and Yersinia enterocolitica. Additional chapters review the specificity and performance of diagnostic PCR analysis, the pre-PCR processing of samples, the critical aspects of standardizing PCR methods, and the general issues involved in using PCR technology for microbial diagnosis.
New Horizons In Wheat And Barley Research
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Author : Prem Lal Kashyap
language : en
Publisher: Springer Nature
Release Date : 2022-05-06
New Horizons In Wheat And Barley Research written by Prem Lal Kashyap and has been published by Springer Nature this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2022-05-06 with Technology & Engineering categories.
This book discusses the research progress on pathology, entomology, nematology, and resource management of wheat and barley crops. The volume summarizes the research progress and discusses the future perspectives based on current understanding of the existing issues and advancing cutting-edge technologies in the field. The book aims to help in deciding future research and development agenda by devising better strategies and techniques to cultivate these crops under clean and sustainable environment. Through this book an international group of leading wheat and barley researchers unveil the emerging concepts and issues related to biotic stresses and resource management and offers latest glimpses of technological needs and resource optimization in wheat and barley production system. Also, key topics such as frontier mechanization technologies, improved precision farming techniques, pluralistic extension and policy interventions for enhancing the resource efficiency and livelihood security of the farmers are explored here. This book is of interest to teachers, researchers, molecular breeders, cereal biochemists and biotechnologists, policymakers and professionals working in the area of wheat and barley research, food and cereal industry. Also, the book serves as an additional reading material for undergraduate and graduate students of agriculture and food sciences. National and international agricultural scientists, policy makers will also find this book to be a useful read. Volume 1 of New Horizons in Wheat and Barley Research covers global trends, breeding and quality enhancement.
Advances In Downy Mildew Research
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Author : Peter Spencer-Phillips
language : en
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Release Date : 2012-12-06
Advances In Downy Mildew Research written by Peter Spencer-Phillips and has been published by Springer Science & Business Media this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2012-12-06 with Science categories.
Emphasis in this second volume of Advances in Downy Mildew Research is on the biology of compatible interactions, forecasting and epidemiology, host specialisation, genetic variability amongst pathogen populations, novel methods for detection and systematics, and induced resistance. Two chapters focus on the related oomycete Albugo candida, which shares many pathogenic characteristics with the downy mildews and provides a valuable comparative pathosystem. Contributions on specific downy mildews include Bremia lactucae, Peronospora destructor, Peronospora sparsa, Peronospora viciae, Plasmopara halstedii, Plasmopara viticola, Pseudoperonospora cubensis and Sclerospora graminicola. Review chapters on compatibility, forecasting and systematics consider a broader range of downy mildew fungi, and compare them with other oomycete and biotrophic pathogens. The book is relevant to anyone with an interest in these unique biotrophic pathogens, either in their own right as causes of damaging diseases or as model systems for research on host-pathogen interactions. It should be read by: students, teachers and researchers in academic and research institutes; research and development personnel in the agrochemical industries; agricultural and horticultural advisers, and other extension workers.
Molecular Genetics Of Host Specific Toxins In Plant Disease
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Author : Keisuke Kohmoto
language : en
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Release Date : 2012-12-06
Molecular Genetics Of Host Specific Toxins In Plant Disease written by Keisuke Kohmoto and has been published by Springer Science & Business Media this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2012-12-06 with Science categories.
For investigators engaged in the study of toxins generally, and host-specific toxins in particular, it is a rare treat to attend a meeting in which toxins involved in plant pathogenesis are emphasized. A gathering of this type provides opportunity to consider the discovery of new toxins, their chemical structures, genes encoding enzymes that control their biosyntheses, their sites of action and physiological effects on plants, and their roles (if any) in pathological processes. Having acknowledged the inspiration fostered by a 'toxin meeting', however, it is important to point out that the program of this symposium was generously sprinkled with 'nontoxin' talks. These contributions generated cross-disciplinary discussion and promoted new ways of thinking about relationships among factors required for plant disease development. The point can be illustrated by considering just one example. We have in the past often regarded diseases mediated by host-specific toxins and diseases involving 'gene-for-gene' relationships as representing two different classes of fungal/plant interaction. This is largely because the key molecular recognition event in so-called 'toxin' diseases leads to compatibility, whereas the corresponding event in 'gene-for-gene' diseases leads to incompatibility. Yet the race specific elicitors produced by the 'gene-for-gene' fungi Cladosporium fulvum (De Wit, Adv. Bot. Res. 21:147- 185, 1995) and Rhynchosporium secalis (Rohe et a1. , EMBO J.