Moral Thinking
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Moral Thinking
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Author : R. M. Hare
language : en
Publisher: Oxford : Clarendon Press ; New York : Oxford University Press
Release Date : 1981
Moral Thinking written by R. M. Hare and has been published by Oxford : Clarendon Press ; New York : Oxford University Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1981 with Philosophy categories.
This book is a continuation of the enterprise which the author began with 'The Language of Morals and Freedom and Reason'. In the present work, R.M. Hare has fashioned, out of the logical and linguistic theses of his earlier books, a full-scale but readily intelligible account of moral argument.
Moral Thinking Fast And Slow
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Author : Hanno Sauer
language : en
Publisher: Routledge
Release Date : 2018-09-11
Moral Thinking Fast And Slow written by Hanno Sauer and has been published by Routledge this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2018-09-11 with Philosophy categories.
In recent research, dual-process theories of cognition have been the primary model for explaining moral judgment and reasoning. These theories understand moral thinking in terms of two separate domains: one deliberate and analytic, the other quick and instinctive. This book presents a new theory of the philosophy and cognitive science of moral judgment. Hanno Sauer develops and defends an account of "triple-process" moral psychology, arguing that moral thinking and reasoning are only insufficiently understood when described in terms of a quick but intuitive and a slow but rational type of cognition. This approach severely underestimates the importance and impact of dispositions to initiate and engage in critical thinking – the cognitive resource in charge of counteracting my-side bias, closed-mindedness, dogmatism, and breakdowns of self-control. Moral cognition is based, not on emotion and reason, but on an integrated network of intuitive, algorithmic and reflective thinking. Moral Thinking, Fast and Slow will be of great interest to philosophers and students of ethics, philosophy of psychology and cognitive science.
The Nature Of Moral Thinking
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Author : Francis Snare
language : en
Publisher: Routledge
Release Date : 2002-09-11
The Nature Of Moral Thinking written by Francis Snare and has been published by Routledge this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2002-09-11 with Philosophy categories.
The Nature of Moral Thinking is an introductory text to the questions of ethics, offering a solid philosophical and historical basis for understanding the central issues. Francis Snare discusses in detail the classical philosophical arguments of Plato and Butler in relation to relativism and subjectivism and treats Marx and Nietzsche in regard to the origins and explanation of morality.
Moral Vision
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Author : Duane L. Cady
language : en
Publisher: Rowman & Littlefield Publishers
Release Date : 2005-03-29
Moral Vision written by Duane L. Cady and has been published by Rowman & Littlefield Publishers this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2005-03-29 with Philosophy categories.
What is moral reasoning? Are we being reasonable when we make moral decisions if we cannot supply compelling arguments, criteria, necessary and sufficient conditions, decisive empirical evidence and the like? In Moral Vision, Duane L. Cady critiques the contemporary inclination to model reason after textbook natural science, noting that our values are not conclusions of proofs or derivations but frameworks in which such reasoning may take place, frameworks that we struggle to understand and explain. Cady goes on to suggest a rich conception of reason beyond that of stereotypical science, one that reflects aesthetic, historical, experiential, and pluralistic aspects of moral thinking, one that widens and deepens descriptions of how moral thinking typically happens. This book will be of interest to anyone wondering what philosophy may contribute to our contemporary struggle with conflicting values and value collisions, both personal as well as cultural.
Moral Judgments As Educated Intuitions
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Author : Hanno Sauer
language : en
Publisher: MIT Press
Release Date : 2017-03-10
Moral Judgments As Educated Intuitions written by Hanno Sauer and has been published by MIT Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2017-03-10 with Philosophy categories.
An argument that moral reasoning plays a crucial role in moral judgment through episodes of rational reflection that have established patterns for automatic judgment foundation. Rationalists about the psychology of moral judgment argue that moral cognition has a rational foundation. Recent challenges to this account, based on findings in the empirical psychology of moral judgment, contend that moral thinking has no rational basis. In this book, Hanno Sauer argues that moral reasoning does play a role in moral judgment—but not, as is commonly supposed, because conscious reasoning produces moral judgments directly. Moral reasoning figures in the acquisition, formation, maintenance, and reflective correction of moral intuitions. Sauer proposes that when we make moral judgments we draw on a stable repertoire of intuitions about what is morally acceptable, which we have acquired over the course of our moral education—episodes of rational reflection that have established patterns for automatic judgment foundation. Moral judgments are educated and rationally amenable moral intuitions. Sauer engages extensively with the empirical evidence on the psychology of moral judgment and argues that it can be shown empirically that reasoning plays a crucial role in moral judgment. He offers detailed counterarguments to the anti-rationalist challenge (the claim that reason and reasoning play no significant part in morality and moral judgment) and the emotionist challenge (the argument for the emotional basis of moral judgment). Finally, he uses Joshua Greene's Dual Process model of moral cognition to test the empirical viability and normative persuasiveness of his account of educated intuitions. Sauer shows that moral judgments can be automatic, emotional, intuitive, and rational at the same time.
Thinking In Moral Terms
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Author : Sigrún Svavarsdóttir
language : en
Publisher: Taylor & Francis
Release Date : 2001
Thinking In Moral Terms written by Sigrún Svavarsdóttir and has been published by Taylor & Francis this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2001 with Ethics categories.
This work examines the nature of moral judgements. In the course of developing an account of moral judgements, the author discusses issues such as: moral motivation, the nature of desire, the justification of commitments, the relation between morality and rationality, the difference between moral and scientific inquiry, and the nature of properties, of concepts, and of normativity. The author argues-non-cognitivists who construe moral judgements as mere expressions of sentiments-that moral thought employs concepts which figure into the content of both cognitive and conative states of mind. She argues that this view is not a cause for any metaphysical worries about moral properties, and rejects the idea that the difference in the distinctive action-guiding role of moral judgements is to be understood in terms of the metaphysical nature of the facts which render them true. She also rejects the widespread idea that the distinctive action-guiding role of moral judgements amounts to their being intrinsically motivating, and argues that moral judgements motivate in collaboration with a desire which employs moral concepts in representing the desired state of affairs. Against some moral naturalists, the author argues that it is not a condition on the acceptance of a moral theory that its concepts have some explanatory function, and that this marks the crucial difference between the concepts unique to moral thought and those characteristic of scientific (or proto-scientific) thought). She suggests that this reflects a difference in the aims of moral and scientific inquiry. Appreciation of the distinctive aim of moral practice is required for the mastery of moral concepts and this is why moraljudgements are invariably understood as action-guiding, even if they are not in all cases motivating.
The Diversity Of Moral Thinking
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Author : Neil Cooper
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 1981
The Diversity Of Moral Thinking written by Neil Cooper and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1981 with Morals categories.
Postconventional Moral Thinking
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Author : James R. Rest
language : en
Publisher: Psychology Press
Release Date : 1999-04-01
Postconventional Moral Thinking written by James R. Rest and has been published by Psychology Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1999-04-01 with Psychology categories.
Although Lawrence Kohlberg provided major ideas for psychological research in morality for decades, today some critics regard his work as outmoded, beyond repair, and too faulty for anybody to take seriously. These critics suggest that research would advance more profitably by taking a different approach. Postconventional Moral Thinking acknowledges particular philosophical and psychological problems with Kohlberg's theory and methodology, and proposes a reformulation called "Neo-Kohlbergian." Hundreds of researchers have reported a large body of findings after having employed Kohlberg's theory and methods to the Defining Issues Test (DIT), therefore attesting to the relevance of his ideas. This book provides a coherent theoretical overview for hundreds of studies that have used the DIT. The authors propose reformulations in the underlying psychological and philosophical theories. This book pulls together the analysis of criticisms of a Kohlbergian approach, a rationale for DIT research, and new theoretical ideas and new research.
Postconventional Moral Thinking
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Author : James Rest
language : en
Publisher: Psychology Press
Release Date : 1999
Postconventional Moral Thinking written by James Rest and has been published by Psychology Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1999 with Psychology categories.
Although Lawrence Kohlberg provided major ideas for psychological research on morality for decades, today some critics regard his work as outmoded, beyond repair, and too faulty for anybody to take seriously. These critics suggest that research on moral development would advance more profitably by taking a different approach. Postconventional Moral Thinking proposes a "Neo-Kohlbergian" reformulation that provides a coherent theoretical overview for hundreds of studies that have used the Defining Issues Test (DIT), a methodology first employed within the standard Kohlbergian model. The book includes analysis of criticisms of the Kohlbergian approach, a rationale for DIT research, and new theoretical ideas and research.
So You Think You Can Think
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Author : Otto B. Toews
language : en
Publisher: FriesenPress
Release Date : 2017-10-26
So You Think You Can Think written by Otto B. Toews and has been published by FriesenPress this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2017-10-26 with Philosophy categories.
In our complex world, how can we learn to think through moral dilemmas in the pursuit of justice? How do the words we associate with morality impact our understanding and application of it? In short, how can we enact equal measures of fairness among family members, friends, and strangers? These are the troubling questions that guide Dr. Otto Toews as he critically engages with the language of morality and uncovers what is lacking in our conversations about fairness. Using a Principled Thinking Model for resolving everyday moral dilemmas, Toews identifies five basic categories that are necessary for moral thinking: duty, rights, motive, desert, and justice. Combining this research with Nel Nodding’s seminal work on caring, Toews concludes that while it is vital that we practice thinking through moral dilemmas, the key to attaining universal justice and fairness lies in our sense of fellow feeling, or empathy. Toews argues that without the urgency and energy prompted by a sense of concern for others, thinking through moral dilemmas will remain insufficient in fostering an ethical world. Throughout the book, Toews augments his research by providing hypothetical scenarios involving two teachers, Bill and Mae. They engage in spirited debates over how duty, rights, motive, desert, and justice apply to issues such as education, cyber bullying, mental illness, reconciliation, and more. Again and again, Bill and Mae are caught up by the power of empathy, demonstrating the urgent need to care for others. It is through their dialogues that Toews has designed a brilliant way for us to witness moral thinking in action, giving us the language we need to navigate it, and preparing us for the countless types of conflicts we encounter every day.