Morality For Humans
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Morality For Humans
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Author : Mark Johnson
language : en
Publisher: University of Chicago Press
Release Date : 2015-09-04
Morality For Humans written by Mark Johnson and has been published by University of Chicago Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2015-09-04 with Philosophy categories.
“A welcome renewal and defense of John Dewey's ethical naturalism, which Johnson claims is the only morality ‘fit for actual human beings.’” —Notre Dame Philosophical Reviews What is the difference between right and wrong? This is no easy question to answer, yet we constantly try to make it so, frequently appealing to absolutes, whether drawn from God, universal reason, or societal authority. Combining cognitive science with a pragmatist philosophical framework, Mark Johnson argues that appealing solely to absolute principles is not only scientifically unsound but even morally suspect. He shows that the standards for the kinds of people we should be and how we should treat one another are frequently subject to change. Taking context into consideration, he offers a nuanced, naturalistic view of ethics that sees us creatively adapt our standards according to given needs, emerging problems, and social interactions. Ethical naturalism is not just a revamped form of relativism. Indeed, Johnson attempts to overcome the absolutist-versus-relativist impasse that has been one of the most intractable problems in the history of philosophy. Much of our moral thought, he shows, is automatic and intuitive, gut feelings that we attempt to justify with rational analysis and argument. However, good moral deliberation is not limited to intuitive judgments supported after the fact by reasoning. Johnson points out a crucial third element: we imagine how our decisions will play out, how we or the world would change with each action we might take. Plumbing this imaginative dimension of moral reasoning, he provides a psychologically sophisticated view of moral problem solving, one perfectly suited for the embodied, culturally embedded, and ever-developing human creatures that we are.
Human Morality
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Author : Samuel Scheffler
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 1992
Human Morality written by Samuel Scheffler and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1992 with Philosophy categories.
'An immensely rich book.... The book is extremely careful, resourceful, and reasonable. It is essential reading for everyone interested in ethics.' -Mind
The Ethical Primate
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Author : Mary Midgley
language : en
Publisher: Psychology Press
Release Date : 1994
The Ethical Primate written by Mary Midgley and has been published by Psychology Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1994 with Philosophy categories.
Scientists and philosophers have found it difficult to understand how each human being can be both a living part of the natural world and at the same time be free. In The Ethical Primate Mary Midgley explores their responses to this seeming paradox and argues that our evolutionary origin, properly understood, both explains why and how human freedom and morality have come about.
Moral Value And Human Diversity
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Author : Robert Audi
language : en
Publisher: Oxford University Press
Release Date : 2007-02-22
Moral Value And Human Diversity written by Robert Audi and has been published by Oxford University Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2007-02-22 with Philosophy categories.
Robert Audi looks at four previous major attempts to codify ethical behaviour: the virtue ethics of Aristotle, the rule-based ethics of Kant; J.S. Mill's utilitarianism; and the movement known as 'common-sense' ethics associated with W.D. Ross.
The Moral Landscape
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Author : Sam Harris
language : en
Publisher: Random House
Release Date : 2011-06-30
The Moral Landscape written by Sam Harris and has been published by Random House this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2011-06-30 with Philosophy categories.
Sam Harris's first book, The End of Faith, ignited a worldwide debate about the validity of religion. In the aftermath, Harris discovered that most people - from religious fundamentalists to nonbelieving scientists - agree on one point: science has nothing to say on the subject of human values. Indeed, our failure to address questions of meaning and morality through science has now become the primary justification for religious faith. In this highly controversial book, Sam Harris seeks to link morality to the rest of human knowledge. Defining morality in terms of human and animal well-being, Harris argues that science can do more than tell how we are; it can, in principle, tell us how we ought to be. In his view, moral relativism is simply false - and comes at an increasing cost to humanity. And the intrusions of religion into the sphere of human values can be finally repelled: for just as there is no such thing as Christian physics or Muslim algebra, there can be no Christian or Muslim morality. Using his expertise in philosophy and neuroscience, along with his experience on the front lines of our 'culture wars', Harris delivers a game-changing book about the future of science and about the real basis of human cooperation.
Human Capacities And Moral Status
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Author : Russell DiSilvestro
language : en
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Release Date : 2010-04-21
Human Capacities And Moral Status written by Russell DiSilvestro and has been published by Springer Science & Business Media this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2010-04-21 with Philosophy categories.
Many debates about the moral status of things—for example, debates about the natural rights of human fetuses or nonhuman animals—eventually migrate towards a discussion of the capacities of the things in question—for example, their capacities to feel pain, think, or love. Yet the move towards capacities is often controversial: if a human’s capacities are the basis of its moral status, how could a human having lesser capacities than you and I have the same "serious" moral status as you and I? This book answers this question by arguing that if something is human, it has a set of typical human capacities; that if something has a set of typical human capacities, it has serious moral status; and thus all human beings have the same sort of serious moral status as you and I. Beginning from what our common intuitions tell us about situations involving "temporary incapacitation"—where a human organism has, then loses, then regains a certain capacity—this book argues for substantive conclusions regarding human fetuses and embryos, humans in a permanent vegetative state, humans suffering from brain diseases, and humans born with genetic disorders. Since these conclusions must have some impact on our ongoing moral and political debates about the proper treatment of such humans, this book will be useful to professionals and students in philosophy, bioethics, law, medicine, and public policy.
Moral Imagination
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Author : Mark Johnson
language : en
Publisher: University of Chicago Press
Release Date : 2014-12-10
Moral Imagination written by Mark Johnson and has been published by University of Chicago Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2014-12-10 with Philosophy categories.
Using path-breaking discoveries of cognitive science, Mark Johnson argues that humans are fundamentally imaginative moral animals, challenging the view that morality is simply a system of universal laws dictated by reason. According to the Western moral tradition, we make ethical decisions by applying universal laws to concrete situations. But Johnson shows how research in cognitive science undermines this view and reveals that imagination has an essential role in ethical deliberation. Expanding his innovative studies of human reason in Metaphors We Live By and The Body in the Mind, Johnson provides the tools for more practical, realistic, and constructive moral reflection.
Becoming Human
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Author : Jana Rošker
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2020
Becoming Human written by Jana Rošker and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2020 with Ethics categories.
This book offers a critical introduction of Li Zhou's ethics. Li, who is among the most influential contemporary Chinese philosophers, takes Chinese ethics as a basis for his elaborations on Western ideas, aiming to develop a new global ethics.
Morality S Progress
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Author : Dale Jamieson
language : en
Publisher: Oxford University Press
Release Date : 2002
Morality S Progress written by Dale Jamieson and has been published by Oxford University Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2002 with Nature categories.
Morality's Progress is the summation of nearly three decades of work by Dale Jamieson, a leading figure in environmental ethics and bioethics. The twenty-two papers here are invigoratingly diverse, but together tell a unified story about various aspects of the morality of our relationships to animals and to nature.The volume begins by addressing the possibility of moral progress and the value of practical ethics. It then moves on to discuss the nature of animal minds, and our moral duties with respect to animals; it concludes with essays that address larger environmental questions. Considered as a whole, Morality's Progress is an attempt to draw out the moral consequences of a thoroughgoing Darwinian Naturalism. The perspective that informs this work is philosophically naturalist, morally consequentialist, and metaethically constructivist. Jamieson's essays will convince sceptics that thinking about our moral relations to animals and nature can offer great intellectual reward, and his work here sets a challenging, controversial agenda for the future.
Foundations Of Morality Human Rights And The Human Sciences
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Author : Anna-Teresa Tymieniecka
language : en
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Release Date : 2012-12-06
Foundations Of Morality Human Rights And The Human Sciences written by Anna-Teresa Tymieniecka and has been published by Springer Science & Business Media this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2012-12-06 with Science categories.
The essays in this volume constitute a portion of the research program being carried out by the International Society for Phenomenology and the Human Sciences. Established as an affiliate society of the World Institute for Ad vanced Phenomenological Research and Learning in 1976, in Arezzo, Italy, by the president of the Institute, Dr Anna-Teresa Tymieniecka, this particular society is devoted to an exploration of the relevance of phenomenological methods and insights for an understanding of the origins and goals of the specialised human sciences. The essays printed in the first part of the book were originally presented at the Second Congress of this society held at Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana, 12-14 July 1979. The second part of the volume consists of selected essays from the third convention (the Eleventh International Congress of Phenomenology of the World Phenomen ology Institute) held in Cambridge, Massachusetts in 1981. With the third part of this book we pass into the "Human Rights" issue as treated by the World Phenomenology Institute at the Interamerican Philosophy Congress held in Tallahassee, Florida, also in 1981. The volume opens with a mono graph by Anna-Teresa Tymieniecka on the foundations of ethics in the moral practice within the life-world and the social world shown as clearly distinct. The main ideas of this work had been presented by Tymieniecka as lead lectures to the three conferences giving them a tight research-project con sistency.