Morality From Compassion
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Morality From Compassion
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Author : Ingmar Persson
language : en
Publisher: Oxford University Press
Release Date : 2021-09-02
Morality From Compassion written by Ingmar Persson and has been published by Oxford University Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2021-09-02 with Philosophy categories.
According to Arthur Schopenhauer, compassion is the basis of morality. He sees concern for justice as a negative form of compassion, directed at not harming anyone, as opposed to the more far-reaching, positive form of benefiting. He thinks a higher degree of compassion involves realizing that the spatio-temporal separation of individuals is illusory and that in reality they are all identical. Such compassion is impartial and all-encompassing. Compassion is suited to be the centre of morality because its object are negative feelings, and only these are real. Contrary to these Schopenhauerian claims, it is here argued that compassion must be supplemented with attitudes like sympathy and benevolence because positive feelings exist alongside negative feelings; that a concern for justice, though morally essential, is independent of these attitudes which are based on empathy; that these attitudes involve not identifying oneself with others, but taking personal identity as insignificant in empathically imagining how others feel. Schopenhauer is however right that, though these attitudes are spontaneously partial, this can be corrected. His morality is also interesting in raising the question rarely discussed in philosophical ethics of how moral virtue relates to ascetic self-renunciation. Both of these ideals are highly demanding, but the book ends by arguing that this is no objection to their validity.
Compassionate Moral Realism
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Author : Colin Marshall
language : en
Publisher: Oxford University Press
Release Date : 2018
Compassionate Moral Realism written by Colin Marshall and has been published by Oxford University Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2018 with Philosophy categories.
Colin Marshall offers a ground-up defense of objective morality, drawing inspiration from a wide range of philosophers, including John Locke, Arthur Schopenhauer, Iris Murdoch, Nel Noddings, and David Lewis. Marshall's core claim is compassion is our capacity to perceive other creatures' pains, pleasures, and desires. Non-compassionate people are therefore perceptually lacking, regardless of how much factual knowledge they might have. Marshall argues that people who do have this form of compassion thereby fit a familiar paradigm of moral goodness. His argument involves the identification of an epistemic good which Marshall dubs "being in touch". To be in touch with some property of a thing requires experiencing it in a way that reveals that property - that is, experiencing it as it is in itself. Only compassion, Marshall argues, lets us be in touch with others' motivational mental properties. This conclusion about compassion has two important metaethical consequences. First, it generates an answer to the question "Why be moral?", which has been a central philosophical concern since Plato. Second, it provides the keystone for a novel form of moral realism. This form of moral realism has a distinctive set of virtues: it is anti-relativist, naturalist, and able to identify a necessary connection between moral representation and motivation. The view also implies that there is an epistemic asymmetry between virtuous and vicious agents, according to which only morally good people can fully face reality.
Against Empathy
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Author : Paul Bloom
language : en
Publisher: HarperCollins
Release Date : 2016-12-06
Against Empathy written by Paul Bloom and has been published by HarperCollins this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2016-12-06 with Psychology categories.
New York Post Best Book of 2016 We often think of our capacity to experience the suffering of others as the ultimate source of goodness. Many of our wisest policy-makers, activists, scientists, and philosophers agree that the only problem with empathy is that we don’t have enough of it. Nothing could be farther from the truth, argues Yale researcher Paul Bloom. In AGAINST EMPATHY, Bloom reveals empathy to be one of the leading motivators of inequality and immorality in society. Far from helping us to improve the lives of others, empathy is a capricious and irrational emotion that appeals to our narrow prejudices. It muddles our judgment and, ironically, often leads to cruelty. We are at our best when we are smart enough not to rely on it, but to draw instead upon a more distanced compassion. Basing his argument on groundbreaking scientific findings, Bloom makes the case that some of the worst decisions made by individuals and nations—who to give money to, when to go to war, how to respond to climate change, and who to imprison—are too often motivated by honest, yet misplaced, emotions. With precision and wit, he demonstrates how empathy distorts our judgment in every aspect of our lives, from philanthropy and charity to the justice system; from medical care and education to parenting and marriage. Without empathy, Bloom insists, our decisions would be clearer, fairer, and—yes—ultimately more moral. Brilliantly argued, urgent and humane, AGAINST EMPATHY shows us that, when it comes to both major policy decisions and the choices we make in our everyday lives, limiting our impulse toward empathy is often the most compassionate choice we can make.
Morality From Compassion
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Author : Ingmar Persson
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2021
Morality From Compassion written by Ingmar Persson and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2021 with Compassion categories.
Schopenhauer saw compassion as the basis of morality. Ingmar Persson argues that compassion must be supplemented with attitudes like sympathy and benevolence, and that morality essentially involves a concern for justice which is independent of attitudes based on empathy.
Corporal Compassion
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Author : Ralph R. Acampora
language : en
Publisher: University of Pittsburgh Pre
Release Date : 2019-11-21
Corporal Compassion written by Ralph R. Acampora and has been published by University of Pittsburgh Pre this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2019-11-21 with Philosophy categories.
Most approaches to animal ethics ground the moral standing of nonhumans in some appeal to their capacities for intelligent autonomy or mental sentience. Corporal Compassion emphasizes the phenomenal and somatic commonality of living beings; a philosophy of body that seeks to displace any notion of anthropomorphic empathy in viewing the moral experiences of nonhuman living beings. Ralph R. Acampora employs phenomenology, hermeneutics, existentialism and deconstruction to connect and contest analytic treatments of animal rights and liberation theory. In doing so, he focuses on issues of being and value, and posits a felt nexus of bodily being, termed symphysis, to devise an interspecies ethos. Acampora uses this broad-based bioethic to engage in dialogue with other strains of environmental ethics and ecophilosophy. Corporal Compassion examines the practical applications of the somatic ethos in contexts such as laboratory experimentation and zoological exhibition and challenges practitioners to move past recent reforms and look to a future beyond exploitation or total noninterference—a posthumanist culture that advocates caring in a participatory approach.
Empathy And Moral Development
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Author : Martin L. Hoffman
language : en
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
Release Date : 2001-11-12
Empathy And Moral Development written by Martin L. Hoffman and has been published by Cambridge University Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2001-11-12 with Philosophy categories.
Contemporary theories have generally focused on either the behavioral, cognitive or emotional dimensions of prosocial moral development. In this volume, these three dimensions are brought together while providing the first comprehensive account of prosocial moral development in children. The main concept is empathy - one feels what is appropriate for another person's situation, not one's own. Hoffman discusses empathy's role in five moral situations. The book's focus is empathy's contribution to altruism and compassion for others in physical, psychological, or economic distress. Also highlighted are the psychological processes involved in empathy's interaction with certain parental behaviors that foster moral internalization in children and the psychological processes involved in empathy's relation to abstract moral principles such as caring and distributive justice. This important book is the culmination of three decades of study and research by a leading figure in the area of child and developmental psychology.
The Basis Of Morality
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Author : Arthur Schopenhauer
language : en
Publisher: Courier Corporation
Release Date : 2005-09-20
The Basis Of Morality written by Arthur Schopenhauer and has been published by Courier Corporation this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2005-09-20 with Philosophy categories.
Persuasive and humane, this classic offers Schopenhauer's fullest examination of ethical themes. A defiance of Kant's ethics of duty, it proclaims compassion as the basis of morality and outlines a perspective on ethics in which passion and desire correspond to different moral characters, behaviors, and worldviews.
The Battle For Compassion
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Author : Jonathan Leighton
language : en
Publisher: Algora Publishing
Release Date : 2011
The Battle For Compassion written by Jonathan Leighton and has been published by Algora Publishing this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2011 with Family & Relationships categories.
Six hundred years after Copernicus presented his revolutionary and heretical heliocentric theory, a sunset can still look unexpectedly new. What if the fate of our world depended on a similar shift in perspective? Synthesizing recent thinking from science, philosophy, psychology and economics with the author's own reflections on freedom, identity and morality, The Battle for Compassion offers a fresh, sweeping perspective on the human condition and a deep contemplation of the basis for our priorities at this critical moment in our history. The threats to our existence and the persistence of intense suffering are closely intertwined issues with similar underlying causes. Addressing them honestly requires us to reflect detachedly on who we are, probe the boundaries of ethical thinking, and ask some really big questions. What matters? What are the basic forces driving our species' trajectory, and where are they leading us? And what would it realistically take for us to preserve a future worth living in? These questions recur as we go through life and experience bliss and pain, the passing of time, the kindness and cruelty of our fellow humans, the monotony of routine and the shock of unanticipated change. This book ponders these pivotal questions and attempts to offer some answers.
The Ethics Of Care And Empathy
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Author : Michael Slote
language : en
Publisher: Routledge
Release Date : 2007-08-07
The Ethics Of Care And Empathy written by Michael Slote and has been published by Routledge this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2007-08-07 with Philosophy categories.
Eminent moral philosopher Michael Slote argues that care ethics presents an important challenge to other ethical traditions and that a philosophically developed care ethics should, and can, offer its own comprehensive view of the whole of morality. Taking inspiration from British moral sentimentalism and drawing on recent psychological literature on empathy, he shows that the use of that notion allows care ethics to develop its own sentimentalist account of respect, autonomy, social justice, and deontology. Furthermore, he argues that care ethics gives a more persuasive account of these topics than theories offered by contemporary Kantian liberalism. The most philosophically rich and challenging exploration of the theory and practice of care to date, The Ethics of Care and Empathy also shows the manifold connections that can be drawn between philosophical issues and leading ideas in the fields of psychology, education, and women's studies.
The Ethics Of Care
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Author : Virginia Held
language : en
Publisher: Oxford University Press
Release Date : 2006
The Ethics Of Care written by Virginia Held and has been published by Oxford University Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2006 with Family & Relationships categories.
The author assesses the ethics of care as a promising alternative to the familiar moral theories that serve so inadequately to guide our lives. Held examines what we mean by care and focuses on caring relationships. She also looks at the potential of care for dealing with social issues and global problems.