Multilevel Regulation Of Military And Security Contractors


Multilevel Regulation Of Military And Security Contractors
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Multilevel Regulation Of Military And Security Contractors


Multilevel Regulation Of Military And Security Contractors
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Author : Christine Bakker
language : en
Publisher: Bloomsbury Publishing
Release Date : 2012-02-10

Multilevel Regulation Of Military And Security Contractors written by Christine Bakker and has been published by Bloomsbury Publishing this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2012-02-10 with Law categories.


The outsourcing of military and security services is the object of intense legal debate. States employ private military and security companies (PMSCs) to perform functions previously exercised by regular armed forces, and increasingly international organisations, NGOs and business corporations do the same to provide security, particularly in crisis situations. Much of the public attention on PMSCs has been in response to incidents in which PMSC employees have been accused of violating international humanitarian law. Therefore initiatives have been launched to introduce uniform international standards amidst what is currently very uneven national regulation. This book analyses and discusses the interplay between international, European, and domestic regulatory measures in the field of PMSCs. It presents a comprehensive assessment of the existing domestic legislation in EU Member States and relevant Third States, and identifies implications for future international regulation. The book also addresses the crucial questions whether and how the EU can potentially play a more active future role in the regulation of PMSCs to ensure compliance with human rights and international humanitarian law.



Private Military And Security Companies Pmscs And The Quest For Accountability


Private Military And Security Companies Pmscs And The Quest For Accountability
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Author : George Andreopoulos
language : en
Publisher: Routledge
Release Date : 2017-10-02

Private Military And Security Companies Pmscs And The Quest For Accountability written by George Andreopoulos and has been published by Routledge this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2017-10-02 with History categories.


This book examines the growing role of private military and security companies (PMSCs) in conflict and post-conflict situations, as part of a broader trend towards the outsourcing of security functions. Particular emphasis is placed on key moral, legal, and political considerations involved in the privatization of such functions, on the impact of outsourcing on security governance, and on the main challenges confronting efforts to hold PMSCs accountable through a combination of formal and informal regulatory mechanisms and processes. This book was published as a special issue of Criminal Justice Ethics.



Private Military And Security Companies


Private Military And Security Companies
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Author : Andrew Alexandra
language : en
Publisher: Routledge
Release Date : 2009-10-16

Private Military And Security Companies written by Andrew Alexandra and has been published by Routledge this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2009-10-16 with Business & Economics categories.


This edited book provides an interdisciplinary, state-of-the-art overview of the growing phenomenon of private military companies.



Un Use Of Private Military And Security Companies


Un Use Of Private Military And Security Companies
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Author : Åse Gilje Østensen
language : en
Publisher: Ubiquity Press
Release Date : 2011-11-09

Un Use Of Private Military And Security Companies written by Åse Gilje Østensen and has been published by Ubiquity Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2011-11-09 with Political Science categories.


Although subject to little discussion, the UN has increasingly paid private military and security companies (PMSCs) for a range of services in the areas of humanitarian affairs, peacebuilding and development. However, this practice has rarely translated into coherent policies or guidelines that could guide the UN in setting standards or ensuring responsible contracting procedures. This paper explores UN demand for PMSCs and identifies the need for a more proactive, sensitive and deliberate political approach in order to avoid potential pitfalls associated with involving PMSCs in the delivery of UN tasks.



Private Security Contractors And New Wars


Private Security Contractors And New Wars
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Author : Kateri Carmola
language : en
Publisher: Routledge
Release Date : 2010-02-05

Private Security Contractors And New Wars written by Kateri Carmola and has been published by Routledge this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2010-02-05 with History categories.


This book addresses the ambiguities of the growing use of private security contractors and provides guidance as to how our expectations about regulating this expanding ‘service’ industry will have to be adjusted. In the warzones of Iraq and Afghanistan many of those who carry weapons are not legally combatants, nor are they protected civilians. They are contracted by governments, businesses, and NGOs to provide armed security. Often mistaken as members of armed forces, they are instead part of a new protean proxy force that works alongside the military in a multitude of shifting roles, and overseen by a matrix of contracts and regulations. This book analyzes the growing industry of these private military and security companies (PMSCs) used in warzones and other high risk areas. PMSCs are the result of a unique combination of circumstances, including a change in the idea of soldiering, insurance industry analyses that require security contractors, and a need for governments to distance themselves from potentially criminal conduct. The book argues that PMSCs are a unique type of organization, combining attributes from worlds of the military, business, and humanitarian organizations. This makes them particularly resistant to oversight. The legal status of these companies and those they employ is also hard to ascertain, which weakens the multiple regulatory tools available. PMSCs also fall between the cracks in ethical debates about their use, seeming to be both justifiable and objectionable. This transformation in military operations is a seemingly irreversible product of more general changes in the relationship between the individual citizen and the state. This book will be of much interest to students of private security companies, war and conflict studies, security studies and IR in general. Kateri Carmola is the Christian A. Johnson Professor of Political Science at Middlebury College in Vermont. She received her Ph.D. from the University of California, Berkeley.



Private Military And Security Contractors


Private Military And Security Contractors
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Author : Jr. Schaub, Gary
language : en
Publisher: Rowman & Littlefield
Release Date : 2016-06-16

Private Military And Security Contractors written by Jr. Schaub, Gary and has been published by Rowman & Littlefield this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2016-06-16 with Political Science categories.


A multinational team of scholars and experts address the issue of controlling the use of privatized forces by states. They address the role of contract employees, their acceptance by military personnel, and possible tensions between them.



State Control Over Private Military And Security Companies In Armed Conflict


State Control Over Private Military And Security Companies In Armed Conflict
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Author : Hannah Tonkin
language : en
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
Release Date : 2011-08-11

State Control Over Private Military And Security Companies In Armed Conflict written by Hannah Tonkin and has been published by Cambridge University Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2011-08-11 with Law categories.


The past two decades have witnessed the rapid proliferation of private military and security companies (PMSCs) in armed conflicts around the world, with PMSCs participating in, for example, offensive combat, prisoner interrogation and the provision of advice and training. The extensive outsourcing of military and security activities has challenged conventional conceptions of the state as the primary holder of coercive power and raised concerns about the reduction in state control over the use of violence. Hannah Tonkin critically analyses the international obligations on three key states - the hiring state, the home state and the host state of a PMSC - and identifies the circumstances in which PMSC misconduct may give rise to state responsibility. This analysis will facilitate the assessment of state responsibility in cases of PMSC misconduct and set standards to guide states in developing their domestic laws and policies on private security.



From Mercenaries To Market


From Mercenaries To Market
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Author : Simon Chesterman
language : en
Publisher: OUP Oxford
Release Date : 2009

From Mercenaries To Market written by Simon Chesterman and has been published by OUP Oxford this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2009 with Political Science categories.


Frequently characterised as either mercenaries in modern guise or the market's response to a security vacuum, private military companies are commercial firms offering military services ranging from combat and military training and advice to logistical support, and which play an increasingly important role in armed conflicts, UN peace operations, and providing security in unstable states.Executive Outcomes turned around an orphaned conflict in Sierra Leone in the mid-1990s; Military Professional Resources Incorporated (MPRI) was instrumental in shifting the balance of power in the Balkans, enabling the Croatian military to defeat Serb forces and clear the way for the Dayton negotiations; in Iraq, estimates of the number of private contractors on the ground are in the tens of thousands. As they assume more responsibilities in conflict and post-conflict settings, their growing significance raises fundamental questions about their nature, their role in different regions and contexts, and their regulation.From Mercenaries to Market examines these issues with a focus on governance, in particular the interaction between regulation and market forces. It analyses the current legal framework and the needs and possibilities for regulation in the years ahead. The book as a whole is organised around four sets of questions, which are reflected in the four parts of the book. Why and how is regulation of PMCs now a challenging issue? How have problems leading to a call for regulation manifested in different regions and contexts? What regulatory norms and institutions currently exist and how effective are they? What role has the market to play in regulation?



Routledge Handbook Of Private Security Studies


Routledge Handbook Of Private Security Studies
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Author : Rita Abrahamsen
language : en
Publisher: Routledge
Release Date : 2015-10-08

Routledge Handbook Of Private Security Studies written by Rita Abrahamsen and has been published by Routledge this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2015-10-08 with History categories.


This new Handbook offers a comprehensive overview of current research on private security and military companies, comprising essays by leading scholars from around the world. The increasing privatization of security across the globe has been the subject of much debate and controversy, inciting fears of private warfare and even the collapse of the state. This volume provides the first comprehensive overview of the range of issues raised by contemporary security privatization, offering both a survey of the numerous roles performed by private actors and an analysis of their implications and effects. Ranging from the mundane to the spectacular, from secretive intelligence gathering and neighbourhood surveillance to piracy control and warfare, this Handbook shows how private actors are involved in both domestic and international security provision and governance. It places this involvement in historical perspective, and demonstrates how the impact of security privatization goes well beyond the security field to influence diverse social, economic and political relationships and institutions. Finally, this volume analyses the evolving regulation of the global private security sector. Seeking to overcome the disciplinary boundaries that have plagued the study of private security, the Handbook promotes an interdisciplinary approach and contains contributions from a range of disciplines, including international relations, politics, criminology, law, sociology, geography and anthropology. This book will be of much interest to students of private security companies, global governance, military studies, security studies and IR in general.



Private Military And Security Companies Pmscs And The Quest For Accountability


Private Military And Security Companies Pmscs And The Quest For Accountability
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Author : George Andreopoulos
language : en
Publisher: Routledge
Release Date : 2019-03-18

Private Military And Security Companies Pmscs And The Quest For Accountability written by George Andreopoulos and has been published by Routledge this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2019-03-18 with History categories.


Private Military and Security Companies (PMSCs) have constituted a perennial feature of the security landscape. Yet, it is their involvement in and conduct during the ongoing wars in Iraq and Afghanistan that have transformed the outsourcing of security services into such a pressing public policy and world-order issue. The PMSCs’ ubiquitous presence in armed conflict situations, as well as in post-conflict reconstruction, their diverse list of clients (governments in the developed and developing world, non-state armed groups, intergovernmental and non-governmental organizations, and international corporations) and, in the context of armed conflict situations, involvement in instances of gross misconduct, have raised serious accountability issues. The prominence of PMSCs in conflict zones has generated critical questions concerning the very concept of security and the role of private force, a rethinking of "essential governmental functions," a rearticulation of the distinction between public/private and global/local in the context of the creation of new forms of "security governance," and a consideration of the relevance, as well as limitations, of existing regulatory frameworks that include domestic and international law (in particular international human rights law and international humanitarian law). This book critically examines the growing role of PMSCs in conflict and post-conflict situations, as part of a broader trend towards the outsourcing of security functions. Particular emphasis is placed on key moral, legal, and political considerations involved in the privatization of such functions, on the impact of outsourcing on security governance, and on the main challenges confronting efforts to hold PMSCs accountable through a combination of formal and informal, domestic as well as international, regulatory mechanisms and processes. It will be of interest to scholars, policymakers, practitioners and advocates for a more transparent and humane security order. This book was published as a special issue of Criminal Justice Ethics.