Municipal Entrepreneurship And Energy Policy
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Municipal Entrepreneurship And Energy Policy
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Author : Alison E. Woodward
language : en
Publisher: Routledge
Release Date : 2019-06-26
Municipal Entrepreneurship And Energy Policy written by Alison E. Woodward and has been published by Routledge this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2019-06-26 with Business & Economics categories.
Originally published in 1994. The energy crisis of the 1970s provided an opportune climate for public sector entrepreneurship to develop. The authors present case studies from six innovative and diverse municipalities in Denmark, France, Germany, Sweden and the United States. The studies document problems these communities encountered while implementing new ideas in energy conservation and changes in energy supply and municipal planning. Each community was selected on the basis of its early, vigorous response to the energy crisis, and then followed up to examine roadblocks along the way to innovation in the public sector. The case studies highlight the challenges policy entrepreneurs face and the tactics they employ, revealing crucial differences between public and private sector entrepreneurship.
Municipal Entrepreneurship And Energy Policy
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Author : Alison E. Woodward
language : en
Publisher: Routledge
Release Date : 2019-06-26
Municipal Entrepreneurship And Energy Policy written by Alison E. Woodward and has been published by Routledge this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2019-06-26 with Business & Economics categories.
Originally published in 1994. The energy crisis of the 1970s provided an opportune climate for public sector entrepreneurship to develop. The authors present case studies from six innovative and diverse municipalities in Denmark, France, Germany, Sweden and the United States. The studies document problems these communities encountered while implementing new ideas in energy conservation and changes in energy supply and municipal planning. Each community was selected on the basis of its early, vigorous response to the energy crisis, and then followed up to examine roadblocks along the way to innovation in the public sector. The case studies highlight the challenges policy entrepreneurs face and the tactics they employ, revealing crucial differences between public and private sector entrepreneurship.
Routledge Library Editions Energy
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Author : Various
language : en
Publisher: Routledge
Release Date : 2021-07-09
Routledge Library Editions Energy written by Various and has been published by Routledge this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2021-07-09 with Business & Economics categories.
Reissuing works originally published between 1964 and 1994, this set of ten volumes is an excellent collection of works on energy – production and consumption, economics and policy, conservation and the crisis. International in scope, the volumes look at household energy conditions, energy in the developing world, political history and various other issues within the world of fuel and power. This set is a resource for environment studies, economics, policy and politics, sociology, geography and other studies considering the use of energy in our world.
Systems Science And Cybernetics Volume I
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Author : Francisco Parra-Luna
language : en
Publisher: EOLSS Publications
Release Date : 2009-10-30
Systems Science And Cybernetics Volume I written by Francisco Parra-Luna and has been published by EOLSS Publications this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2009-10-30 with categories.
The subject “Systems sciences and cybernetics” is the outcome of the convergence of a number of trends in a larger current of thought devoted to the growing complexity of (primarily social) objects and arising in response to the need for globalized treatment of such objects. This has been magnified by the proliferation and publication of all manner of quantitative scientific data on such objects, advances in the theories on their inter-relations, the enormous computational capacity provided by IT hardware and software and the critical revisiting of subject-object interaction, not to mention the urgent need to control the efficiency of complex systems, where “efficiency” is understood to mean the ability to find a solution to many social problems, including those posed on a planetary scale. The result has been the forging of a new, academically consolidated scientific trend going by the name of Systems Theory and Cybernetics, with a comprehensive, multi-disciplinary focus and therefore apt for understanding realities still regarded to be inescapably chaotic. This subject entry is subdivided into four sections. The first, an introduction to systemic theories, addresses the historic development of the most commonly used systemic approaches, from new concepts such as the so-called “geometry of thinking” or the systemic treatment of “non-systemic identities” to the taxonomic, entropic, axiological and ethical problems deriving from a general “systemic-cybernetic” conceit. Hence, the focus in this section is on the historic and philosophical aspects of the subject. Moreover, it may be asserted today that, beyond a shadow of a doubt, problems, in particular problems deriving from human interaction but in general any problem regardless of its nature, must be posed from a systemic perspective, for otherwise the obstacles to their solution are insurmountable. Reaching such a perspective requires taking at least the following well-known steps: a) statement of the problem from the determinant variables or phenomena; b) adoption of theoretical models showing the interrelationships among such variables; c) use of the maximum amount of – wherever possible quantitative – information available on each; d) placement of the set of variables in an environment that inevitably pre-determines the problem. That epistemology would explain the substantial development of the systemic-cybernetic approach in recent decades. The articles in the second section deal in particular with the different methodological approaches developed when confronting real problems, from issues that affect humanity as a whole to minor but specific questions arising in human organizations. Certain sub-themes are discussed by the various authors – always from a didactic vantage –, including: problem discovery and diagnosis and development of the respective critical theory; the design of ad hoc strategies and methodologies; the implementation of both qualitative (soft system methodologies) and formal and quantitative (such as the “General System Problem Solver” or the “axiological-operational” perspective) approaches; cross-disciplinary integration; and suitable methods for broaching psychological, cultural and socio-political dynamisms. The third section is devoted to cybernetics in the present dual meaning of the term: on the one hand, control of the effectiveness of communication and actions, and on the other, the processes of self-production of knowledge through reflection and the relationship between the observing subject and the observed object when the latter is also observer and the former observed. Known as “second order cybernetics”, this provides an avenue for rethinking the validity of knowledge, such as for instance when viewed through what is known as “bipolar feedback”: processes through which interactions create novelty, complexity and diversity. Finally, the fourth section centres around artificial and computational intelligence, addressing sub-themes such as “neural networks”, the “simulated annealing” that ranges from statistical thermodynamics to combinatory problem-solving, such as in the explanation of the role of adaptive systems, or when discussing the relationship between biological and computational intelligence.
Managing Networks In International Business
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Author : M. Forsgren
language : en
Publisher: Routledge
Release Date : 2014-02-04
Managing Networks In International Business written by M. Forsgren and has been published by Routledge this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2014-02-04 with Business & Economics categories.
The book introduces a unique and innovative perspective for the study of international business networking. In contrast to the standard construction of models for optimal strategic decision-making, the essays in this book emphasise interpretation, learning by doing, trust and co-operation in the international business community. The editors focus upon business relationships within and between firms as well as the importance of middle management in the international arena.
Managing Networks In International Business
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Author : Mats Forsgren
language : en
Publisher: Psychology Press
Release Date : 1992
Managing Networks In International Business written by Mats Forsgren and has been published by Psychology Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1992 with Business & Economics categories.
This book introduces a unique and innovative perspective for the study of international business networking, emphasising interpretation, learning by doing, trust and co-operation in the international business community.
Dynamic Competition And Public Policy
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Author : Jerome Ellig
language : en
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
Release Date : 2001-04-23
Dynamic Competition And Public Policy written by Jerome Ellig and has been published by Cambridge University Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2001-04-23 with Business & Economics categories.
Scholars explore antitrust issues as these relate to dynamic industry competition and public policy.
Women Sexuality And The Changing Social Order
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Author : Beth Maina Ahlberg
language : en
Publisher: Taylor & Francis
Release Date : 1991
Women Sexuality And The Changing Social Order written by Beth Maina Ahlberg and has been published by Taylor & Francis this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1991 with Birth control categories.
First Published in 1991. Routledge is an imprint of Taylor & Francis, an informa company.
Advancing Socio Economics
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Author : Karl H. Müller
language : en
Publisher: Rowman & Littlefield
Release Date : 2005
Advancing Socio Economics written by Karl H. Müller and has been published by Rowman & Littlefield this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2005 with Business & Economics categories.
In this landmark volume, J. Rodgers Hollingsworth, Karl H. M ller, and Ellen Jane Hollingsworth take a first step towards imposing order on the increasingly diverse field of socio-economics by embedding the various disciplines and sub-disciplines in a common core. The distinguished contributors in this volume show how institutions, governance arrangements, societal sectors, organizations, individual actors, and innovativeness are intertwined and, ultimately, how individuals and firms have a high degree of autonomy. By offering original suggestions and guidelines for developing a socio-economics research agenda focused on institutional analysis, Advancing Socio-Economics: An Institutionalist Perspective, will enlighten all interested in the social sciences.
The Fall
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Author : Steven Saxonberg
language : en
Publisher: Routledge
Release Date : 2017-07-05
The Fall written by Steven Saxonberg and has been published by Routledge this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2017-07-05 with Political Science categories.
With a foreword by Seymour Lipset, Hoover Institution and George Mason University, USAThe Fall examines one of the twentieth century's great historical puzzles: why did the communist-led regimes in Eastern Europe collapse so quickly and why was the process of collapse so different from country to country? This major study explains why the impetus for change in Poland and Hungary came from the regimes themselves, while in Czechoslovakia and East Germany it was mass movements which led to the downfall of the regimes.