National Security Export Controls

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Knowledge Regulation And National Security In Postwar America

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Author : Mario Daniels
language : en
Publisher: University of Chicago Press
Release Date : 2022-04-25

Knowledge Regulation And National Security In Postwar America written by Mario Daniels and has been published by University of Chicago Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2022-04-25 with Business & Economics categories.

The first historical study of export control regulations as a tool for the sharing and withholding of knowledge. In this groundbreaking book, Mario Daniels and John Krige set out to show the enormous political relevance that export control regulations have had for American debates about national security, foreign policy, and trade policy since 1945. Indeed, they argue that from the 1940s to today the issue of how to control the transnational movement of information has been central to the thinking and actions of the guardians of the American national security state. The expansion of control over knowledge and know-how is apparent from the increasingly systematic inclusion of universities and research institutions into a system that in the 1950s and 1960s mainly targeted business activities. As this book vividly reveals, classification was not the only—and not even the most important—regulatory instrument that came into being in the postwar era.

Balancing The National Interest

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Author : National Academy of Sciences, National Academy of Engineering, Institute of Medicine
language : en
Publisher: National Academies Press
Release Date : 1987-02-01

Balancing The National Interest written by National Academy of Sciences, National Academy of Engineering, Institute of Medicine and has been published by National Academies Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1987-02-01 with Political Science categories.

The U.S. national security export controls systemâ€"which was instituted to impede Soviet acquisition of high technology from the Westâ€"is both necessary and appropriate. Balancing the National Interest provides a thorough analysis of this controls system, examining the current system of laws, regulations, international agreements, and organizations that control the international transfer of technology through industrial channels. Foreign Affairs calls it "the best on the subject to have been published in the 40 years that the United States has exercised controls on exports that might add to Soviet power."

Export Controls Background Reforms And Regulations

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Author : Mathias Wechsler
language : en
Publisher: Nova Snova
Release Date : 2020-10-09

Export Controls Background Reforms And Regulations written by Mathias Wechsler and has been published by Nova Snova this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2020-10-09 with categories.

Difficulty with striking an appropriate balance between national security and export competitiveness has made the subject of export controls controversial for decades. Through the Arms Export Control Act (AECA), the International Emergency Economic Powers Act (IEEPA), the Export Controls Act of 2018 (ECA), and other authorities, the United States restricts the export of defense articles; dual-use goods and technology; certain nuclear materials and technology; and items that would assist in the proliferation of nuclear, chemical, and biological weapons or the missile technology used to deliver them. U.S. export controls are also used to restrict exports to certain countries on which the United States imposes economic sanctions.

Optimizing The Nation S Investment In Academic Research

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Author : National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine
language : en
Publisher: National Academies Press
Release Date : 2016-06-29

Optimizing The Nation S Investment In Academic Research written by National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine and has been published by National Academies Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2016-06-29 with Science categories.

Research universities are critical contributors to our national research enterprise. They are the principal source of a world-class labor force and fundamental discoveries that enhance our lives and the lives of others around the world. These institutions help to create an educated citizenry capable of making informed and crucial choices as participants in a democratic society. However many are concerned that the unintended cumulative effect of federal regulations undercuts the productivity of the research enterprise and diminishes the return on the federal investment in research. Optimizing the Nation's Investment in Academic Research reviews the regulatory framework as it currently exists, considers specific regulations that have placed undue and often unanticipated burdens on the research enterprise, and reassesses the process by which these regulations are created, reviewed, and retired. This review is critical to strengthen the partnership between the federal government and research institutions, to maximize the creation of new knowledge and products, to provide for the effective training and education of the next generation of scholars and workers, and to optimize the return on the federal investment in research for the benefit of the American people.

The Export Administration Act

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Author : James V. Weston
language : en
Publisher: Nova Publishers
Release Date : 2005

The Export Administration Act written by James V. Weston and has been published by Nova Publishers this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2005 with Business & Economics categories.

The book provides the statutory authority for export controls on sensitive dual-use goods and technologies, items that have both civilian and military applications, including those items that can contribute to the proliferation of nuclear, biological and chemical weaponry. This new book examines the evolution, provisions, debate, controversy, prospects and reauthorisation of the EAA.

Trading With The Enemy

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Author : Hugo Meijer
language : en
Publisher: Oxford University Press
Release Date : 2016-02-02

Trading With The Enemy written by Hugo Meijer and has been published by Oxford University Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2016-02-02 with Political Science categories.

In light of the intertwining logics of military competition and economic interdependence at play in US-China relations, Trading with the Enemy examines how the United States has balanced its potentially conflicting national security and economic interests in its relationship with the People's Republic of China (PRC). To do so, Hugo Meijer investigates a strategically sensitive yet under-explored facet of US-China relations: the making of American export control policy on military-related technology transfers to China since 1979. Trading with the Enemy is the first monograph on this dimension of the US-China relationship in the post-Cold War. Based on 199 interviews, declassified documents, and diplomatic cables leaked by Wikileaks, two major findings emerge from this book. First, the US is no longer able to apply a strategy of military/technology containment of China in the same way it did with the Soviet Union during the Cold War. This is because of the erosion of its capacity to restrict the transfer of military-related technology to the PRC. Secondly, a growing number of actors in Washington have reassessed the nexus between national security and economic interests at stake in the US-China relationship - by moving beyond the Cold War trade-off between the two - in order to maintain American military preeminence vis-à-vis its strategic rivals. By focusing on how states manage the heterogeneous and potentially competing security and economic interests at stake in a bilateral relationship, this book seeks to shed light on the evolving character of interstate rivalry in a globalized economy, where rivals in the military realm are also economically interdependent.

Export Controls

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Author : Bert Chapman
language : en
Publisher: Bloomsbury Publishing PLC
Release Date : 2013-10-30

Export Controls written by Bert Chapman and has been published by Bloomsbury Publishing PLC this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2013-10-30 with History categories.

International trade plays an enormous role in economic growth and prosperity. This activity can also be used to transfer military equipment, knowledge, and technology to hostile governments and transnational terrorist and criminal organizations seeking to attack and destroy their enemies. The U.S. and other countries have used economic sanctions such as export controls to try to restrict and eliminate the transfer of weapons and financial assets to these governments and organizations. This work examines how the U.S. has attempted to restrict the export of national security sensitive equipment, finance, knowledge, and technology since World War II with varying degrees of success and failure. It also examines how multiple U.S. Government agencies, nongovernmental organizations, and international government organizations seek to influence U.S. international trade, foreign, and security policies while concluding that some export controls are essential for promoting and defending U.S. national security interests.

Us Export Controls

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Author :
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 1983

Us Export Controls written by and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1983 with Export controls categories.

Beyond Fortress America

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Author : National Research Council
language : en
Publisher: National Academies Press
Release Date : 2009-05-30

Beyond Fortress America written by National Research Council and has been published by National Academies Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2009-05-30 with Political Science categories.

The national security controls that regulate access to and export of science and technology are broken. As currently structured, many of these controls undermine our national and homeland security and stifle American engagement in the global economy, and in science and technology. These unintended consequences arise from policies that were crafted for an earlier era. In the name of maintaining superiority, the U.S. now runs the risk of becoming less secure, less competitive and less prosperous. Beyond "Fortress America" provides an account of the costs associated with building walls that hamper our access to global science and technology that dampen our economic potential. The book also makes recommendations to reform the export control process, ensure scientific and technological competitiveness, and improve the non-immigrant visa system that regulates entry into the United States of foreign science and engineering students, scholars, and professionals. Beyond "Fortress America" contains vital information and action items for the President and policy makers that will affect the United States' ability to compete globally. Interested parties-including military personnel, engineers, scientists, professionals, industrialists, and scholars-will find this book a valuable tool for stemming a serious decline affecting broad areas of the nation's security and economy.

Finding Common Ground

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Author : Panel on the Future Design and Implementation of U.S. National Security Export Controls
language : en
Publisher: National Academies Press
Release Date : 1991-01-01

Finding Common Ground written by Panel on the Future Design and Implementation of U.S. National Security Export Controls and has been published by National Academies Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1991-01-01 with Business & Economics categories.

Protecting U.S. security by controlling technology export has long been a major issue. But the threat of the Soviet sphere is rapidly being superseded by state-sponsored terrorism; nuclear, chemical, biological, and missile proliferation; and other critical security factors. This volume provides a policy outline and specific steps for an urgently needed revamping of U.S. and multilateral export controls. It presents the latest information on these and many other pressing issues: The successes and failures of U.S. export controls, including a look at U.S. laws, regulations, and export licensing; U.S. participation in international agencies; and the role of industry. The effects of export controls on industry. The growing threat of "proliferation" technologies. World events make this volume indispensable to policymakers, government security agencies, technology exporters, and faculty and students of international affairs.