Nativism And Economic Integration Across The Developing World
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Nativism And Economic Integration Across The Developing World
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Author : Rikhil R. Bhavnani
language : en
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
Release Date : 2018-08-31
Nativism And Economic Integration Across The Developing World written by Rikhil R. Bhavnani and has been published by Cambridge University Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2018-08-31 with Political Science categories.
Migration and nativism are explosive issues in Europe and North America. Less well-known is the tumult that soaring migration is creating in the politics of developing countries. The key difference between anti-migrant politics in developed and developing countries is that domestic migration - not international migration - is the likely focus of nativist politics in poorer countries. Nativists take up the cause of sub-national groups, vilifying other regions and groups within the country as sources of migration. Since the 1970s, the majority of less-developed countries have adopted policies that aim to limit internal migration. This Element marshals evidence from around the world to explore the colliding trends of internal migration and nativism. Subnational migration is associated with a boom in nativist politics. Pro-native public policy and anti-migrant riots are both more likely when internal migration surges. Political decentralization strengthens subnational politicians' incentives and ability to define and cater to nativists.
The Puzzle Of Clientelism
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Author : Miriam A. Golden
language : en
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
Release Date : 2023-02-28
The Puzzle Of Clientelism written by Miriam A. Golden and has been published by Cambridge University Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2023-02-28 with Political Science categories.
This Element presents newly-collected cross-national data on reelection rates of lower house national legislators from almost 100 democracies around the world. Reelection rates are low/high in countries where clientelism and vote buying are high/low. Drawing on theory developed to study lobbying, the authors explain why politicians continue clientelist activities although they do not secure reelection. The Element also provides a thorough review of the last decade of literature on clientelism, which the authors define as discretionary resource distribution by political actors. The combination of novel empirical data and theoretically-grounded analysis provides a radically new perspective on clientelism. Finally, the Element suggests that clientelism evolves with economic development, assuming new forms in highly developed democracies but never entirely disappearing.
Settling For Less
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Author : Lachlan McNamee
language : en
Publisher: Princeton University Press
Release Date : 2023-01-17
Settling For Less written by Lachlan McNamee and has been published by Princeton University Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2023-01-17 with Political Science categories.
Why countries colonize the lands of indigenous people Over the past few centuries, vast areas of the world have been violently colonized by settlers. But why did states like Australia and the United States stop settling frontier lands during the twentieth century? At the same time, why did states loudly committed to decolonization like Indonesia and China start settling the lands of such minorities as the West Papuans and Uyghurs? Settling for Less traces this bewildering historical reversal, explaining when and why indigenous peoples suffer displacement at the hands of settlers. Lachlan McNamee challenges the notion that settler colonialism can be explained by economics or racial ideologies. He tells a more complex story about state building and the conflicts of interest between indigenous peoples, states, and settlers. Drawing from a rich array of historical evidence, McNamee shows that states generally colonize frontier areas in response to security concerns. Elite schemes to populate contested frontiers with loyal settlers, however, often fail. As societies grow wealthier and cities increasingly become magnets for migration, states ultimately lose the power to settle frontier lands. Settling for Less uncovers the internal dynamics of settler colonialism and the diminishing power of colonizers in a rapidly urbanizing world. Contrasting successful and failed colonization projects in Australia, Indonesia, China, and beyond, this book demonstrates that economic development—by thwarting colonization—has proven a powerful force for indigenous self-determination.
Federalism And National Diversity In The 21st Century
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Author : Alain-G. Gagnon
language : en
Publisher: Springer Nature
Release Date : 2020-03-21
Federalism And National Diversity In The 21st Century written by Alain-G. Gagnon and has been published by Springer Nature this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2020-03-21 with Political Science categories.
This edited volume explores the obstacles to and opportunities for the development and entrenchment of a sustainable and representative multinational federalism. In doing so, it tackles a striking puzzle: on the one hand, scholars agree that deeply diverse multinational and multiethnic democracies should adopt federal structures that reflect and empower territorially concentrated diversity. On the other hand, there are very few, if any, real examples of enshrined and fully operative substantive multinational federalism. What are the main roadblocks to the adoption of multinational federalism? Can they be overcome? Is there a roadmap to realizing multinational federalism in the twenty-first century? In addressing these questions, this book brings together scholars from across the globe who explore a diverse range of cases from different and innovative analytical approaches. The chapters contribute to answering the above questions, each in their own way, while also addressing other important aspects of multinational federalism. The book concludes that the way forward likely depends on the emergence of a specific set of norms and a receptiveness to the complex institutional design.
Migrants Mobility And Citizenship In India
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Author : Ashwani Kumar
language : en
Publisher: Taylor & Francis
Release Date : 2021-07-13
Migrants Mobility And Citizenship In India written by Ashwani Kumar and has been published by Taylor & Francis this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2021-07-13 with Political Science categories.
This book reconceptualizes migration studies in India and brings back the idea of citizenship to the center of the contested relationship between the state and internal migrants in the country. It interrogates the multiple vulnerabilities of disenfranchised internal migrants as evidenced in the mass exodus of migrants during the COVID-19 crisis. Challenging dominant economic and demographic theories of mobility and relying on a wide range of innovative heterodox methodologies, this volume points to the possibility of reimagining migrants as ‘citizens’. The volume discusses various facets of internal migration such as the roles of gender, ethnicity, caste, electoral participation of the internal migrants, livelihood diversification, struggle for settlement, and politics of displacement, and highlights the case of temporary, seasonal, and circulatory migrants as the most exploited and invisible group among migrants. Presenting secondary and recent field data from across regions, including from the northeast, the book explores the processes under which people migrate and suggests ways for ameliorating the conditions of migrants through sustained civic and political action. This book will be essential for scholars and researchers of migration studies, politics, governance, development studies, public policy, sociology, and gender studies as well as policymakers, government bodies, civil society, and interested general readers.
Geography Capacity And Inequality
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Author : Pablo Beramendi
language : en
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
Release Date : 2022-06-09
Geography Capacity And Inequality written by Pablo Beramendi and has been published by Cambridge University Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2022-06-09 with Political Science categories.
In this Element, we investigate how economic geography, the distribution of subnational economic endowments within a nation, shapes long-run patterns of inequality through its impact on the development of fiscal capacity. We present an argument that links economic geography to capacity through different types of industrialization processes. We show how early industrializers shape spatial distributions domestically by investing in productivity across their nations, and externally by reinforcing spatial polarization among late industrializers. We also show how differences in economic geography impact the process of capacity building, setting the stage for the modern politics of redistribution discussed in Volume II. We support this argument with descriptive data, case studies, and cross-national analyses.
Reforming To Survive
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Author : Magnus B. Rasmussen
language : en
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
Release Date : 2023-01-05
Reforming To Survive written by Magnus B. Rasmussen and has been published by Cambridge University Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2023-01-05 with Political Science categories.
This Element details how elites provide policy concessions when they face credible threats of revolution. Specifically, the authors discuss how the Bolshevik Revolution of 1917 and the subsequent formation of Comintern enhanced elites' perceptions of revolutionary threat by affecting the capacity and motivation of labor movements as well as the elites' interpretation of information signals. These developments incentivized elites to provide policy concessions to urban workers, notably reduced working hours and expanded social transfer programs. The authors assess their argument by using original qualitative and quantitative data. First, they document changes in perceptions of revolutionary threat and strategic policy concessions in early inter-war Norway by using archival and other sources. Second, they code, for example, representatives at the 1919 Comintern meeting to proxy for credibility of domestic revolutionary threat in cross-national analysis. States facing greater threats expanded various social policies to a larger extent than other countries, and some of these differences persisted for decades.
Democratization And The State
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Author : Jan Henryk Pierskalla
language : en
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
Release Date : 2022-12-31
Democratization And The State written by Jan Henryk Pierskalla and has been published by Cambridge University Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2022-12-31 with Political Science categories.
Does democratization lead to more meritocracy in the civil service? The Element argues that electoral accountability increases the value of competence over personal loyalty in the civil service. While this resembles an application of merit principles, it does not automatically reduce patronage politics or improve public goods provision. Competent civil servants are often used to facilitate the distribution of clientelistic goods at mass scale to win competitive elections. The selection of competent but less loyal civil servants requires the increased use of control mechanisms, like the timing of promotions, to ensure their compliance. The Element tests these claims using novel micro-level data on promotions in Indonesia's civil service before and after democratization in 1999. The Element shows that national- and local-level elections led to increased promotion premiums for educated civil servants, and simultaneously generated electoral cycles in the timing of promotions, but did little to improve public goods provision.
Reform And Rebellion In Weak States
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Author : Evgeny Finkel
language : en
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
Release Date : 2020-06-11
Reform And Rebellion In Weak States written by Evgeny Finkel and has been published by Cambridge University Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2020-06-11 with Political Science categories.
Throughout history, reform has provoked rebellion - not just by the losers from reform, but also among its intended beneficiaries. Finkel and Gehlbach emphasize that, especially in weak states, reform often must be implemented by local actors with a stake in the status quo. In this setting, the promise of reform represents an implicit contract against which subsequent implementation is measured: when implementation falls short of this promise, citizens are aggrieved and more likely to rebel. Finkel and Gehlbach explore this argument in the context of Russia's emancipation of the serfs in 1861 - a fundamental reform of Russian state and society that paradoxically encouraged unrest among the peasants who were its prime beneficiaries. They further examine the empirical reach of their theory through narrative analyses of the Tanzimat reforms of the nineteenth-century Ottoman Empire, land reform in ancient Rome, the abolition of feudalism during the French Revolution, and land reform in contemporary Latin America.
The Reagan Revolution And The Developing Countries 1980 1990 A Seminal Decade For Predicting The World Economic Future
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Author : Lawrence Feiner
language : en
Publisher: iUniverse
Release Date : 2011-11-28
The Reagan Revolution And The Developing Countries 1980 1990 A Seminal Decade For Predicting The World Economic Future written by Lawrence Feiner and has been published by iUniverse this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2011-11-28 with Business & Economics categories.
this is a book about the reagan revolution and the developing countries. it shows why the years (1980-1990) were critical in determining the global economic future. the first chapter is how to think about the future. the second chapter is about growth economic and human capital. the third chapter is about development economc the forth chapter is about the world economy from charlemagne to the present. the fifth chapter is about the reagan revolution. our book is unique because no other book in our opinion has accurately decribed just how important the developing world was in reagan administration policy in our 1979 japanese book ''world economy/big prediction'' the book upon which this book was based, we predicted that in the early 21th century the developing countries would be growing rapidly even as the developed countries stagnated.