Natural Language And Possible Minds

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Natural Language And Possible Minds
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Author : Prakash Mondal
language : en
Publisher: BRILL
Release Date : 2017-07-31
Natural Language And Possible Minds written by Prakash Mondal and has been published by BRILL this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2017-07-31 with Language Arts & Disciplines categories.
In Natural Language and Possible Minds: How Language Uncovers the Cognitive Landscape of Nature Prakash Mondal attempts to demonstrate that language can reveal the hidden logical texture of diverse types of mentality in non-humans, contrary to popular belief. The widely held assumption in mainstream cognitive science is that language being humanly unique introduces an anthropomorphic bias in investigations into the nature of other possible minds. This book turns this around by formulating a lattice of mental structures distilled from linguistic structures constituting the cognitive building blocks of an ensemble of biological entities/beings. This turns out to have surprising consequences for machine cognition as well. Challenging mainstream views, this book will appeal to cognitive scientists, philosophers of mind, linguists and also cognitive ethologists.
Natural Language Processing Concepts Methodologies Tools And Applications
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Author : Management Association, Information Resources
language : en
Publisher: IGI Global
Release Date : 2019-11-01
Natural Language Processing Concepts Methodologies Tools And Applications written by Management Association, Information Resources and has been published by IGI Global this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2019-11-01 with Computers categories.
As technology continues to become more sophisticated, a computer’s ability to understand, interpret, and manipulate natural language is also accelerating. Persistent research in the field of natural language processing enables an understanding of the world around us, in addition to opportunities for manmade computing to mirror natural language processes that have existed for centuries. Natural Language Processing: Concepts, Methodologies, Tools, and Applications is a vital reference source on the latest concepts, processes, and techniques for communication between computers and humans. Highlighting a range of topics such as machine learning, computational linguistics, and semantic analysis, this multi-volume book is ideally designed for computer engineers, computer and software developers, IT professionals, academicians, researchers, and upper-level students seeking current research on the latest trends in the field of natural language processing.
Possible Minds
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Author : John Brockman
language : en
Publisher: Penguin
Release Date : 2019-02-19
Possible Minds written by John Brockman and has been published by Penguin this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2019-02-19 with Computers categories.
Science world luminary John Brockman assembles twenty-five of the most important scientific minds, people who have been thinking about the field artificial intelligence for most of their careers, for an unparalleled round-table examination about mind, thinking, intelligence and what it means to be human. "Artificial intelligence is today's story--the story behind all other stories. It is the Second Coming and the Apocalypse at the same time: Good AI versus evil AI." --John Brockman More than sixty years ago, mathematician-philosopher Norbert Wiener published a book on the place of machines in society that ended with a warning: "we shall never receive the right answers to our questions unless we ask the right questions.... The hour is very late, and the choice of good and evil knocks at our door." In the wake of advances in unsupervised, self-improving machine learning, a small but influential community of thinkers is considering Wiener's words again. In Possible Minds, John Brockman gathers their disparate visions of where AI might be taking us. The fruit of the long history of Brockman's profound engagement with the most important scientific minds who have been thinking about AI--from Alison Gopnik and David Deutsch to Frank Wilczek and Stephen Wolfram--Possible Minds is an ideal introduction to the landscape of crucial issues AI presents. The collision between opposing perspectives is salutary and exhilarating; some of these figures, such as computer scientist Stuart Russell, Skype co-founder Jaan Tallinn, and physicist Max Tegmark, are deeply concerned with the threat of AI, including the existential one, while others, notably robotics entrepreneur Rodney Brooks, philosopher Daniel Dennett, and bestselling author Steven Pinker, have a very different view. Serious, searching and authoritative, Possible Minds lays out the intellectual landscape of one of the most important topics of our time.
Language Biology And Cognition
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Author : Prakash Mondal
language : en
Publisher: Springer
Release Date : 2019-07-17
Language Biology And Cognition written by Prakash Mondal and has been published by Springer this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2019-07-17 with Language Arts & Disciplines categories.
This book examines the relationship between human language and biology in order to determine whether the biological foundations of language can offer deep insights into the nature and form of language and linguistic cognition. Challenging the assumption in biolinguistics and neurolinguistics that natural language and linguistic cognition can be reconciled with neurobiology, the author argues that reducing representation to cognitive systems and cognitive systems to neural populations is reductive, leading to inferences about the cognitive basis of linguistic performance based on assuming (false) dependencies. Instead, he finds that biological implementations of cognitive rather than the biological structures themselves, are the driver behind linguistic structures. In particular, this book argues that the biological roots of language are useful only for an understanding of the emergence of linguistic capacity as a whole, but ultimately irrelevant to understanding the character of language. Offering an antidote to the current thinking embracing ‘biologism’ in linguistic sciences, it will be of interest to readers in linguistics, the cognitive and brain sciences, and the points at which these disciplines converge with the computer sciences.
Words For Odours
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Author : Melissa Barkat-Defradas
language : en
Publisher: Cambridge Scholars Publishing
Release Date : 2016-06-22
Words For Odours written by Melissa Barkat-Defradas and has been published by Cambridge Scholars Publishing this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2016-06-22 with Social Science categories.
While the human sense of smell has long been considered underdeveloped, there is, nonetheless, a growing body of literature to attest to its remarkable importance in human behaviour. However, there has been very little work conducted in linguistics, which is all the more regrettable as economic globalization has made it increasingly useful to communicate on odours in a variety of domains such as the wine and perfume industries. This volume brings together a number of studies on how olfactory experiences are verbalized, applying both pragmatic and theoretical approaches to better understanding the different strategies speakers use to talk of odours. Four major themes are investigated here. Part I (From Olfactory Perception to Verbalisation) examines the various, complex cognitive operations implemented in the process of olfactory perception. Explorations of recollection processes, also crucial for odour verbalization, provide important insights into how cultural conditions contribute to shaping olfactory memories. Part II (Categories and Hedonic Valence) focuses on how speakers circumvent paucity in vocabulary to describe odours in a variety of ways. Sorting operations make it possible to either select an appropriate linguistic label for a given odour or to compensate for the lack thereof by using consistent descriptions. Indeed, although such cognitive operations are influenced by a subject’s environment, cultural representations and goals, the contributions to this section show that hedonic value is crucial for categorizing odours. Part III (Lexical and Cultural Variation) illustrates that some languages spoken on the African continent (such as the Arabic and Bantu languages) are relatively rich in their olfactory lexicon, thereby revealing the greater attention paid to odours in these societies. That being said, such relative richness or paucity can be modulated through a variety of mechanisms which shape the linguistic output, as exemplified in Part IV (Putting Odours into Words), where the olfactory lexicons of two Indo-European languages (French and Greek) are analysed from a comparative perspective.
Naive Semantics For Natural Language Understanding
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Author : Kathleen Dahlgren
language : en
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Release Date : 2012-12-06
Naive Semantics For Natural Language Understanding written by Kathleen Dahlgren and has been published by Springer Science & Business Media this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2012-12-06 with Computers categories.
This book introduces a theory, Naive Semantics (NS), a theory of the knowledge underlying natural language understanding. The basic assumption of NS is that knowing what a word means is not very different from knowing anything else, so that there is no difference in form of cognitive representation between lexical semantics and ency clopedic knowledge. NS represents word meanings as commonsense knowledge, and builds no special representation language (other than elements of first-order logic). The idea of teaching computers common sense knowledge originated with McCarthy and Hayes (1969), and has been extended by a number of researchers (Hobbs and Moore, 1985, Lenat et aI, 1986). Commonsense knowledge is a set of naive beliefs, at times vague and inaccurate, about the way the world is structured. Traditionally, word meanings have been viewed as criterial, as giving truth conditions for membership in the classes words name. The theory of NS, in identifying word meanings with commonsense knowledge, sees word meanings as typical descriptions of classes of objects, rather than as criterial descriptions. Therefore, reasoning with NS represen tations is probabilistic rather than monotonic. This book is divided into two parts. Part I elaborates the theory of Naive Semantics. Chapter 1 illustrates and justifies the theory. Chapter 2 details the representation of nouns in the theory, and Chapter 4 the verbs, originally published as "Commonsense Reasoning with Verbs" (McDowell and Dahlgren, 1987). Chapter 3 describes kind types, which are naive constraints on noun representations.
The Algorithmic Unconscious
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Author : Luca Possati
language : en
Publisher: Routledge
Release Date : 2021-02-25
The Algorithmic Unconscious written by Luca Possati and has been published by Routledge this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2021-02-25 with Psychology categories.
This book applies the concepts and methods of psychoanalysis to the study of artificial intelligence (AI) and human–AI interaction. It develops a new, more fruitful approach for applying psychoanalysis to AI and machine behavior. It appeals to a broad range of scholars: philosophers working on psychoanalysis, technology, AI ethics, and cognitive sciences, psychoanalysts, psychologists, and computer scientists. The book is divided into four parts. The first part (Chapter 1) analyzes the concept of "machine behavior." The second part (Chapter 2) develops a reinterpretation of some fundamental Freudian and Lacanian concepts through Bruno Latour’s actor-network theory. The third part (Chapters 3 and 4) focuses on the nature and structure of the algorithmic unconscious. The author claims that the unconscious roots of AI lie in a form of projective identification, i.e., an emotional and imaginative exchange between humans and machines. In the fourth part of the book (Chapter 5), the author advances the thesis that neuropsychoanalysis and the affective neurosciences can provide a new paradigm for research on artificial general intelligence. The Algorithmic Unconscious explores a completely new approach to AI, which can also be defined as a form of "therapy." Analyzing the projective identification processes that take place in groups of professional programmers and designers, as well as the "hidden" features of AI (errors, noise information, biases, etc.), represents an important tool to enable a healthy and positive relationship between humans and AI. Psychoanalysis is used as a critical space for reflection, innovation, and progress.
Mapping The Mind
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Author : Fred M. Levin
language : en
Publisher: Routledge
Release Date : 2018-05-08
Mapping The Mind written by Fred M. Levin and has been published by Routledge this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2018-05-08 with Psychology categories.
This book makes detailed correlations between psychological/psychoanalytic variables, on one hand, and neuroanatomical/neurophysiological considerations on the other. It aims to assist those who wish to pursue interdisciplinary work in the endlessly fascinating area of the mind and brain.
Smart Governance
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Author : Helmut Willke
language : en
Publisher: Campus Verlag
Release Date : 2007
Smart Governance written by Helmut Willke and has been published by Campus Verlag this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2007 with Business & Economics categories.
Offers a different perspective on global governance from the vantage point of a global knowledge society. Employing a case study of the global financial system and an analysis of several governance regimes, this work contends that markets, legal systems, and morality must evolve to cope with uncertainty, build capacities, and achieve resilience.
Language Mind And Brain
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Author : T. W. Simon
language : en
Publisher: Psychology Press
Release Date : 2019-01-22
Language Mind And Brain written by T. W. Simon and has been published by Psychology Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2019-01-22 with Language Arts & Disciplines categories.
The chapters in this volume are extended versions of material first presented at the National Interdisciplinary Symposium on Language, Mind, and Brain held April 6-9, 1978, in Gainesville, Florida. Importantly for interdisciplinary goals, the papers contained in this volume are quite “ available” ; that is, papers by philosophers can easily be read and understood by linguists and psychologists; the ideas of the linguists are readily comprehensible to any educated reader; the psychologists and neurologically oriented writers are clear and nderstandable. It is, then, a volume that cuts, not so much across disciplines, but through them. First published in 1982. Routledge is an imprint of Taylor & Francis, an informa company.