Nature And Nurture In French Social Sciences 1859 1914 And Beyond
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Nature And Nurture In French Social Sciences 1859 1914 And Beyond
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Author : Martin S. Staum
language : en
Publisher: McGill-Queen's Press - MQUP
Release Date : 2011-10-07
Nature And Nurture In French Social Sciences 1859 1914 And Beyond written by Martin S. Staum and has been published by McGill-Queen's Press - MQUP this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2011-10-07 with History categories.
The prevailing assumption has been that French ethnographers highlighted the cultural and social environment while anthropologists emphasized the scientific study of head and body shapes. Martin Staum shows that the temptation to gravitate towards one pole of the nature-nurture continuum often resulted in reluctant concessions to the other side. Psychologists Théodule Ribot and Alfred Binet, for example, were forced to recognize the importance of social factors. Non-Durkheimian sociologists were divided on the issue of race and gender as progressive and tolerant attitudes on race did not necessarily correlate with flexible attitudes on gender. Recognizing this allows Staum to raise questions about the theory of the equivalence of all marginalized groups. Anthropological institutions re-organized before the First World War sometimes showed decreasing confidence in racial theory but failed to abandon it completely. Staum's chilling epilogue discusses how the persistent legacy of such theories was used by extremist anthropologists outside the mainstream to deploy racial ideology as a basis of persecution in the Vichy era.
A Historiography Of The Modern Social Sciences
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Author : Roger E. Backhouse
language : en
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
Release Date : 2014-09-22
A Historiography Of The Modern Social Sciences written by Roger E. Backhouse and has been published by Cambridge University Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2014-09-22 with Business & Economics categories.
A Historiography of the Modern Social Sciences exposes parallels and contrasts in the way the histories of the social sciences are written.
Beyond Tragedy And Eternal Peace
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Author : Jean-François Drolet
language : en
Publisher: McGill-Queen's Press - MQUP
Release Date : 2021-02-15
Beyond Tragedy And Eternal Peace written by Jean-François Drolet and has been published by McGill-Queen's Press - MQUP this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2021-02-15 with Political Science categories.
As a German philosopher, cultural critic, composer, poet, philologist, and scholar of Latin and Greek, Friedrich Wilhelm Nietzsche has exerted a profound influence on modern intellectual history. Beyond Tragedy and Eternal Peace provides an overview of his legacy, highlighting the synergy between his critique of metaphysics and his reflections on the politics and international relations of the late nineteenth century. Jean-François Drolet exposes and analyzes Nietzsche's account of the political processes, institutions, and dominant ideologies shaping public life in Germany and Europe during the 1870s and 1880s. Nietzsche anticipated a new kind of politics, borne out of such events as the Franco-Prussian War, the unification of Germany under Bismarck, the advent of mass democracy, and the rise and transformation of European nationalism. Focusing on conflict and political violence, Drolet expertly reconstructs Nietzsche's fierce and continued critique of the nationalist, liberal, and socialist ideologies of his age, which the philosopher believed failed to grapple with the death of God and the crisis of European nihilism it engendered. As this reconstructive interpretation reveals, Nietzsche's philosophy offers a powerful and still greatly underappreciated reckoning with the changing political practices, norms, and agencies that led to the momentous collapse of the European society of states during the early twentieth century.
Lamarckism And The Emergence Of Scientific Social Sciences In Nineteenth Century Britain And France
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Author : Snait B. Gissis
language : en
Publisher: Springer Nature
Release Date :
Lamarckism And The Emergence Of Scientific Social Sciences In Nineteenth Century Britain And France written by Snait B. Gissis and has been published by Springer Nature this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on with categories.
In The Museum Of Man
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Author : Alice L. Conklin
language : en
Publisher: Cornell University Press
Release Date : 2013-10-15
In The Museum Of Man written by Alice L. Conklin and has been published by Cornell University Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2013-10-15 with History categories.
In the Museum of Man offers new insight into the thorny relationship between science, society, and empire at the high-water mark of French imperialism and European racism. Alice L. Conklin takes us into the formative years of French anthropology and social theory between 1850 and 1900; then deep into the practice of anthropology, under the name of ethnology, both in Paris and in the empire before and especially after World War I; and finally, into the fate of the discipline and its practitioners under the German Occupation and its immediate aftermath. Conklin addresses the influence exerted by academic networks, museum collections, and imperial connections in defining human diversity socioculturally rather than biologically, especially in the wake of resurgent anti-Semitism at the time of the Dreyfus Affair and in the 1930s and 1940s. Students of the progressive social scientist Marcel Mauss were exposed to the ravages of imperialism in the French colonies where they did fieldwork; as a result, they began to challenge both colonialism and the scientific racism that provided its intellectual justification. Indeed, a number of them were killed in the Resistance, fighting for the humanist values they had learned from their teachers and in the field. A riveting story of a close-knit community of scholars who came to see all societies as equally complex, In the Museum of Man serves as a reminder that if scientific expertise once authorized racism, anthropologists also learned to rethink their paradigms and mobilize against racial prejudice—a lesson well worth remembering today.
Impressionable Biologies
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Author : Maurizio Meloni
language : en
Publisher: Routledge
Release Date : 2019-01-10
Impressionable Biologies written by Maurizio Meloni and has been published by Routledge this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2019-01-10 with Social Science categories.
During the twentieth century, genes were considered the controlling force of life processes, and the transfer of DNA the definitive explanation for biological heredity. Such views shaped the politics of human heredity: in the eugenic era, controlling heredity meant intervening in the distribution of "good" and "bad" genes. However, since the turn of the twenty-first century, this centrality of genes has been challenged by a number of "postgenomic" disciplines. The rise of epigenetics in particular signals a shift from notions of biological fixedness to ideas of plasticity and "impressionability" of biological material. This book investigates a long history of the beliefs about the plasticity of human biology, starting with ancient medicine, and analyses the biopolitical techniques required to govern such permeability. It looks at the emergence of the modern body of biomedicine as a necessary displacement or possibly reconfiguration of earlier plastic views. Finally, it analyses the returning of plasticity to contemporary postgenomic views and argues that postgenomic plasticity is neither a modernistic plasticity of instrumental management of the body nor a postmodernist celebration of potentialities. It is instead a plasticity that disrupts clear boundaries between openness and determination, individual and community, with important implications for notions of risk, responsibility and intervention.
Race Science And The Nation
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Author : Chris Manias
language : en
Publisher: Routledge
Release Date : 2013-06-07
Race Science And The Nation written by Chris Manias and has been published by Routledge this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2013-06-07 with History categories.
Across the nineteenth century, scholars in Britain, France and the German lands sought to understand their earliest ancestors: the Germanic and Celtic tribes known from classical antiquity, and the newly discovered peoples of prehistory. New fields – philology, archeology and anthropology – interacted, breaking down languages, unearthing artifacts, measuring skulls and recording the customs of "savage" analogues. This was a decidedly national process: disciplines institutionalized on national levels, and their findings seen to have deep implications for the origins of the nation and its "racial composition." However, this operated within broader currents. The wide spread of material and novelty of the methods meant that these approaches formed connections across Europe and beyond, even while national rivalries threatened to tear these networks apart. Race, Science and the Nation follows this tension, offering a simultaneously comparative, cross-national and multi-disciplinary history of the scholarly reconstruction of European prehistory. As well as showing how interaction between disciplines was key to their formation, it makes arguments of keen relevance to studies of racial thought and nationalism. It shows these researches often worked against attempts to present the chaotic multi-layered ancient eras as times of mythic origin. Instead, they argued that the modern nations of Europe were not only diverse, but were products of long processes of social development and "racial" fusion. This book therefore brings to light a formerly unstudied motif of nineteenth-century national consciousness, showing how intellectuals in the era of nation-building themselves drove an idea of their nations being "constructed" from a useable past.
Rethinking The Political
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Author : Simonetta Falasca-Zamponi
language : en
Publisher: McGill-Queen's Press - MQUP
Release Date : 2011
Rethinking The Political written by Simonetta Falasca-Zamponi and has been published by McGill-Queen's Press - MQUP this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2011 with Philosophy categories.
A compelling account of a controversial and innovative episode in sociological thought
Between The Queen And The Cabby
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Author : John Richard Cole
language : en
Publisher: McGill-Queen's Press - MQUP
Release Date : 2011
Between The Queen And The Cabby written by John Richard Cole and has been published by McGill-Queen's Press - MQUP this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2011 with History categories.
In Between the Queen and the Cabby, John Cole provides the first full translation of de Gouges's Rights of Woman and the first systematic commentary on its declaration, its attempt to envision a non-marital partnership agreement, and its support for persons of colour. Cole compares and contrasts de Gouges's two texts, explaining how the original text was both her model and her foil. By adding a proposed marriage contract to her pamphlet, she sought to turn the ideas of the French Revolution into a concrete way of life for women. Further examination of her work as a playwright suggests that she supported equality not only for women but for slaves as well. Cole highlights the historical context of de Gouges's writing, going beyond the inherent sexism and misogyny of the time in exploring why her work did not receive the reaction or achieve the influential status she had hoped for. Read in isolation in the gender-conscious twenty-first century, de Gouges's Rights of Woman may seem ordinary. However, none of her contemporaries, neither the Marquis de Condorcet nor Mary Wollstonecraft, published more widely on current affairs, so boldly attempted to extend democratic principles to women, or so clearly related the public and private spheres. Read in light of her eventual condemnation by the Revolutionary Tribunal, her words become tragically foresighted: "Woman has the right to mount the Scaffold; she must also have that of mounting the Rostrum."
Ideas Concepts And Reality
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Author : John W. Burbidge
language : en
Publisher: McGill-Queen's Press - MQUP
Release Date : 2013
Ideas Concepts And Reality written by John W. Burbidge and has been published by McGill-Queen's Press - MQUP this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2013 with Philosophy categories.
An original exploration of the distinction between subjective ideas and objective concepts.