Nazi Looting
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Nazi Looting
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Author : Gerard Aalders
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2004
Nazi Looting written by Gerard Aalders and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2004 with History categories.
The Nazi looting machine was notoriously efficient during the Second World War. In the Netherlands, 8.5 million citizens suffered losses estimated at 3.6 billion guilders. Approximately one-third of these losses were borne by Jews, who comprised only 1.6% of the total population. In todays terms, the German occupiers stripped the Jewish population of assets worth $7 billion.Nazi Looting offers a comprehensive history of the Dutch experience and demonstrates how reputable indigenous institutions acted as willing collaborators. Beginning with a survey of international law and various definitions of 'looting', the author shows how the Germans systematically robbed Dutch Jewry through a variety of means that gave the outward appearance of honest trading. Forced to sell under duress and at unreasonably low prices, few dared refuse the German on the doorstep when threatened with prison or incarceration in a camp.The plundering was total and systematic. In May 1940, a team of highly trained art historians, linguists, musicologists and literary experts arrived immediately behind the victorious German troops to catalogue the vast collections for Hitler. From 1941, Jews were compelled to deposit all their money into a bank called Lippmann, Rosenthal Co. The name of the bank itself was a cynical ploy since it was taken from a respected, Jewish-owned Amsterdam bank and presented as a new branch. This bank, however, simply channelled money into the Third Reich with the help of the Amsterdam Stock Exchange, insurance brokers and other well-established Dutch banks. Once the Jews were deported, their houses were emptied and the contents used to re-furnish bombed out areas of the Reich. In common with many other formerly Nazi-occupied countries in Europe, the Netherlands has been unable to retrieve many of its pre-war assets. More than fifty years after the wars end, 20% of its most important pre-war museum exhibits and approximately 80% of the less important works remain untrace
The Book Thieves
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Author : Anders Rydell
language : en
Publisher: Penguin
Release Date : 2017-02-07
The Book Thieves written by Anders Rydell and has been published by Penguin this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2017-02-07 with History categories.
"A most valuable book." —Christian Science Monitor For readers of The Monuments Men and The Hare with Amber Eyes, the story of the Nazis' systematic pillaging of Europe's libraries, and the small team of heroic librarians now working to return the stolen books to their rightful owners. While the Nazi party was being condemned by much of the world for burning books, they were already hard at work perpetrating an even greater literary crime. Through extensive new research that included records saved by the Monuments Men themselves—Anders Rydell tells the untold story of Nazi book theft, as he himself joins the effort to return the stolen books. When the Nazi soldiers ransacked Europe’s libraries and bookshops, large and small, the books they stole were not burned. Instead, the Nazis began to compile a library of their own that they could use to wage an intellectual war on literature and history. In this secret war, the libraries of Jews, Communists, Liberal politicians, LGBT activists, Catholics, Freemasons, and many other opposition groups were appropriated for Nazi research, and used as an intellectual weapon against their owners. But when the war was over, most of the books were never returned. Instead many found their way into the public library system, where they remain to this day. Now, Rydell finds himself entrusted with one of these stolen volumes, setting out to return it to its rightful owner. It was passed to him by the small team of heroic librarians who have begun the monumental task of combing through Berlin’s public libraries to identify the looted books and reunite them with the families of their original owners. For those who lost relatives in the Holocaust, these books are often the only remaining possession of their relatives they have ever held. And as Rydell travels to return the volume he was given, he shows just how much a single book can mean to those who own it.
Hermann Goring And The Nazi Art Collection
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Author : Kenneth D. Alford
language : en
Publisher: McFarland
Release Date : 2014-01-10
Hermann Goring And The Nazi Art Collection written by Kenneth D. Alford and has been published by McFarland this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2014-01-10 with History categories.
During World War II, the Nazis plundered from occupied countries millions of items of incalculable value estimated in the hundreds of millions of dollars. Spearheaded by Hermann Goring the looting program quickly created the largest private art collection in the world, exceeding the collections amassed by the Metropolitan in New York, the British Museum in London, the Louvre in Paris and the Tretiakov Gallery in Moscow. By the end of the war, the Nazis had stolen roughly one-fifth of the entire art treasures of the world. This book explores the formation of the Nazi art collection and the methods used by Goring and his party to strip occupied Europe of a large part of its artistic heritage.
Art And The Nazis 1933 1945
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Author : Arthur J. McLaughlin, Jr.
language : en
Publisher: McFarland
Release Date : 2021-12-30
Art And The Nazis 1933 1945 written by Arthur J. McLaughlin, Jr. and has been published by McFarland this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2021-12-30 with Art categories.
This first comprehensive analysis of the Third Reich's efforts to confiscate, loot, censor and influence art begins with a brief history of the looting of artworks in Western history. The artistic backgrounds of Adolf Hitler and Hermann Goring are examined, along with the various Nazi art looting organizations, and Nazi endeavors to both censor and manipulate the arts for propaganda purposes. Long-held beliefs about the Nazi destruction of "degenerate art" are examined, drawing on recently developed university databases, new translations of original documents and recently discovered information. Theft and destruction of artworks by the Allies and looting by Soviet trophy brigades are also documented.
Nazi Plunder
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Author : Kenneth D. Alford
language : en
Publisher: Da Capo Press
Release Date : 2003-04-03
Nazi Plunder written by Kenneth D. Alford and has been published by Da Capo Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2003-04-03 with History categories.
World War II was the most devastating conflict in human history, but the tragedy did not end on the battlefields. During the war, Germany -- and, later, the Allies -- plundered Europe's historic treasures. Between 1939 and 1945, German armed forces roamed from Dunkirk to Stalingrad, looting gold, silver, currency, paintings and other works of art, coins, religious artifacts, and millions of books and other documents. The value of these items, many of which were irreplaceable, is estimated in the billions of dollars. The artwork alone, looted under Hitler's direction, exceeded the combined collections of the Metropolitan Museum, the British Museum, and the Louvre. As the war wound to its conclusion in 1945, occupying forces continued the looting. The story of these celebrated works of art and other vanished treasures -- and the mystery of where they went -- is a remarkable tale of greed, fraud, deceit, and treachery. Kenneth Alford's Nazi Plunder is the latest word on this fascinating subject.
Hitler S Art Thief
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Author : Susan Ronald
language : en
Publisher: St. Martin's Press
Release Date : 2015-09-22
Hitler S Art Thief written by Susan Ronald and has been published by St. Martin's Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2015-09-22 with Biography & Autobiography categories.
The sensational story of a cache of masterpieces not seen since they vanished during the Nazi terror—a bizarre tale of a father and aged son, of secret deals, treachery and the search for truth. The world was stunned when eighty-year old Cornelius Gurlitt became an international media superstar in November 2013 on the discovery of over 1,400 artworks in his 1,076 square-foot Munich apartment, valued at around $1.35 billion. Gurlitt became known as a man who never was - he didn't have a bank account, never paid tax, never received social security. He simply did not exist. He had been hard-wired into a life of shadows and secrecy by his own father long before he had inherited his art collection built on the spoliation of museums and Jews during Hitler's Third Reich. The ensuing media frenzy unleashed international calls for restitution, unsettled international relations, and rocked the art world. Susan Ronald reveals in this stranger-than-fiction-tale how Hildebrand Gurlitt succeeded in looting in the name of the Third Reich, duping the Monuments Men and the Nazis alike. As an "official dealer" for Hitler and Goebbels, Hildebrand Gurlitt became one of the Third Reich's most prolific art looters. Yet he stole from Hitler too, allegedly to save modern art. Hitler's Art Thief is the untold story of Hildebrand Gurlitt, who stole more than art-he stole lives, too.
Stolen Words
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Author : Mark Glickman
language : en
Publisher: U of Nebraska Press
Release Date : 2015-12-01
Stolen Words written by Mark Glickman and has been published by U of Nebraska Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2015-12-01 with History categories.
Stolen Words is an epic story about the largest collection of Jewish books in the world--tens of millions of books that the Nazis looted from European Jewish families and institutions. Nazi soldiers and civilians emptied Jewish communal libraries, confiscated volumes from government collections, and stole from Jewish individuals, schools, and synagogues. Early in their regime the Nazis burned some books in spectacular bonfires, but most they saved, stashing the literary loot in castles, abandoned mine shafts, and warehouses throughout Europe. It was the largest and most extensive book-looting campaign in history. After the war, Allied forces discovered these troves of stolen books but quickly found themselves facing a barrage of questions. How could the books be identified? Where should they go? Who had the authority to make such decisions? Eventually the military turned the books over to an organization of leading Jewish scholars called Jewish Cultural Reconstruction, Inc.--whose chairman was the acclaimed historian Salo Baron and whose on-the-ground director was the philosopher Hannah Arendt--with the charge of establishing restitution protocols. Stolen Words is the story of how a free civilization decides what to do with the material remains of a world torn asunder, and how those remains connect survivors with their past. It is the story of Jews struggling to understand the new realities of their post-Holocaust world and of Western society's gradual realization of the magnitude of devastation wrought by World War II. Most of all, it is the story of people --of Nazi leaders, ideologues, and Judaica experts; of Allied soldiers, scholars, and scoundrels; and of Jewish communities, librarians, and readers around the world.
Allied Looting In World War Ii
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Author : Kenneth D. Alford
language : en
Publisher: McFarland
Release Date : 2014-01-10
Allied Looting In World War Ii written by Kenneth D. Alford and has been published by McFarland this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2014-01-10 with History categories.
Looting has long been recognized as one of the crimes committed by the Third Reich during World War II, a crime which stripped economic wealth and artistic treasures from the populations the Nazis terrorized. This historical text reveals the shocking extent of looting by Allied forces, exploring their thievery against the Germans and others. It follows the journey of the Hungarian Crown Treasure from a muddy oil drum in Austria to Fort Knox and back to Hungary, and discusses numerous lost treasures ranging from priceless art works to rare manuscripts, including the earliest known printing by the Gutenberg press.
Pack Of Thieves
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Author : Richard Z. Chesnoff
language : en
Publisher: Anchor
Release Date : 2011-07-27
Pack Of Thieves written by Richard Z. Chesnoff and has been published by Anchor this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2011-07-27 with History categories.
It was the largest organized robbery in history: the systematic looting of Europe's Jews by the Nazis, in cooperation with most of the nations in Europe?Axis, Allied, and neutral. Award--winning journalist Richard Z. Chesnoff, one of the first reporters to break the story that Swiss banks had hoarded the assets of Holocaust victims, traveled to fourteen countries to research this heartbreaking, compelling story of human greed. Through exclusive interviews and information from hitherto classified files, Chesnoff tells a tragic tale, the vast scope of which is only beginning to be known. Revealing new details that many would prefer remained secret, Pack of Thieves describes the detective work used to trace Holocaust assets that continue to be hidden inside the financial systems of such Allied nations as France and the Netherlands. Daring, insightful, and necessary, Pack of Thieves is at once a fascinating piece of investigative journalism and an enraging account of one of history's greatest crimes.
Museum Worthy
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Author : Elizabeth Campbell
language : en
Publisher: Oxford University Press
Release Date : 2024-01-23
Museum Worthy written by Elizabeth Campbell and has been published by Oxford University Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2024-01-23 with Art categories.
Museum Worthy examines the history behind works of art that were looted in western Europe by the Nazis during the Second World War and never returned to their rightful owners, instead claimed by postwar governments of France, Belgium, and the Netherlands for display in museums, embassies, ministries, and other public buildings.