Neighbourhood Effects Or Neighbourhood Based Problems
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Neighbourhood Effects Or Neighbourhood Based Problems
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Author : David Manley
language : en
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Release Date : 2013-06-26
Neighbourhood Effects Or Neighbourhood Based Problems written by David Manley and has been published by Springer Science & Business Media this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2013-06-26 with Social Science categories.
This edited volume critically examines the link between area based policies, neighbourhood based problems, and neighbourhood effects: the idea that living in disadvantaged neighbourhoods has a negative effect on residents’ life chances over and above the effect of their individual characteristics. Over the last few decades, Western governments have persistently pursued area based policies to fight such effects, despite a lack of evidence that they exist, or that these policies make a difference. The first part of this book presents case studies of perceived neighbourhood based problems in the domains of crime; health; educational outcomes; and employment. The second part of the book presents an international overview of the policies that different governments have implemented in response to these neighbourhood based problems, and discusses the theoretical and conceptual processes behind place based policy making. Case studies are drawn from a diverse range of countries including the United Kingdom, The Netherlands, Australia, Canada, and the USA.
Neighbourhood Effects Research New Perspectives
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Author : Maarten van Ham
language : en
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Release Date : 2011-11-22
Neighbourhood Effects Research New Perspectives written by Maarten van Ham and has been published by Springer Science & Business Media this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2011-11-22 with Social Science categories.
Over the last 25 years a vast body of literature has been published on neighbourhood effects: the idea that living in more deprived neighbourhoods has a negative effect on residents’ life chances over and above the effect of their individual characteristics. The volume of work not only reflects academic and policy interest in this topic, but also the fact that we are still no closer to answering the question of how important neighbourhood effects actually are. There is little doubt that these effects exist, but we do not know enough about the causal mechanisms which produce them, their relative importance in shaping individual’s life chances, the circumstances or conditions under which they are most important, or the most effective policy responses. Collectively, the chapters in this book offer new perspectives on these questions, and refocus the academic debate on neighbourhood effects. The book enriches the neighbourhood effects literature with insights from a wide range of disciplines and countries.
Understanding Neighbourhood Dynamics
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Author : Maarten van Ham
language : en
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Release Date : 2012-09-27
Understanding Neighbourhood Dynamics written by Maarten van Ham and has been published by Springer Science & Business Media this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2012-09-27 with Social Science categories.
This rare interdisciplinary combination of research into neighbourhood dynamics and effects attempts to unravel the complex relationship between disadvantaged neighbourhoods and the life outcomes of the residents who live therein. It seeks to overcome the notorious difficulties of establishing an empirical causal relationship between living in a disadvantaged area and the poorer health and well-being often found in such places. There remains a widespread belief in neighbourhood effects: that living in a poorer area can adversely affect residents’ life chances. These chapters caution that neighbourhood effects cannot be fully understood without a profound understanding of the changes to, and selective mobility into and out of, these areas. Featuring fresh research findings from a number of countries and data sources, including from the UK, Australia, Sweden and the USA, this book offers fresh perspectives on neighbourhood choice and dynamics, as well as new material for social scientists, geographers and policy makers alike. It enriches neighbourhood effects research with insights from the closely related, but currently largely separate, literature on neighbourhood dynamics.
Quantifying Neighbourhood Effects
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Author : Jorg Blasius
language : en
Publisher: Routledge
Release Date : 2013-10-31
Quantifying Neighbourhood Effects written by Jorg Blasius and has been published by Routledge this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2013-10-31 with Architecture categories.
Many policies in several Western European countries and the U.S. aim to counter spatial concentrations of deprivation and create more socio-economically mixed residential areas. Such policies are founded on the belief that neighbourhoods have a strong and independent effect upon the well-being and life-chances of individuals. The adequacy of the evidence base to support this position has been the subject of spirited debate on both sides of the Atlantic. The primary purpose of this book is to contribute to this policy-relevant discussion by presenting new scholarship from many countries that rigorously quantifies various sorts of neighbourhood effects through the use of cutting-edge social scientific techniques. The secondary purpose of this book is to introduce these techniques to a wider array of housing and planning researchers and to show how a variety of disciplines have offered insightful, synergistic perspectives. Research on neighbourhood effects has over the last 15 years led to a body of knowledge extending far beyond the sociological urban research where it originated. The problem of quantifying neighbourhood effects and the use of associated methodologies (like multi-level analysis, instrumental variables) has attracted scholars from criminology, sociology, social geography, economics and health science, and thus serves as a critical locus for interdisciplinary scholarship. This book was previously published as a special issue of Housing Studies.
Neighbourhood Effects In Small Neighbourhoods
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Author : Henry G. Overman
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2000
Neighbourhood Effects In Small Neighbourhoods written by Henry G. Overman and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2000 with High school dropouts categories.
Neighbourhoods And Public Health
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Author : Uzma Ajmal
language : en
Publisher: Taylor & Francis
Release Date : 2023-11-06
Neighbourhoods And Public Health written by Uzma Ajmal and has been published by Taylor & Francis this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2023-11-06 with Social Science categories.
This book examines the concept of neighbourhood over space and time and understands how neighbourhoods can impact human health and well-being. It discusses the identification of neighbourhood boundaries, features of individual neighbourhoods, and the concept of neighbourhood in some major world as well as Indian cities. Based on extensive research, this study refers to both primary as well as secondary sources of data using various statistical and geo-spatial techniques. The first section of the book focuses on the concept of neighbourhood, concept of neighbourhood unit, methods used in the identification of neighbourhood boundaries and theories related to neighbourhood effects on health. The subsequent section of the book deals with a case study on neighbourhood effects on health in an Indian city. The case study is followed by a comparison of its results with other global studies. This book will be useful to the departments of Geography, Public Health, Sociology and Social Work. It will also be of use to professionals and practitioners like city planners, architects, NGOs, Environmentalists, and urban policy makers.
Mixed Communities
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Author : Gary Bridge
language : en
Publisher: Policy Press
Release Date : 2012
Mixed Communities written by Gary Bridge and has been published by Policy Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2012 with Political Science categories.
Encouraging neighbourhood social mix has been a major goal of urban policy and planning in a number of different countries. This book draws together a range of case studies by international experts to assess the impacts of social mix policies and the degree to which they might represent gentrification by stealth. The contributions consider the range of social mix initiatives in different countries across the globe and their relationship to wider social, economic and urban change. The book combines understandings of social mix from the perspectives of researchers, policy makers and planners and the residents of the communities themselves. Mixed Communities also draws out more general lessons from these international comparisons - theoretically, empirically and for urban policy. It will be highly relevant for urban researchers and students, policy makers and practitioners alike.
The Maze Of Urban Housing Markets
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Author : Jerome Rothenberg
language : en
Publisher: University of Chicago Press
Release Date : 1991-11-15
The Maze Of Urban Housing Markets written by Jerome Rothenberg and has been published by University of Chicago Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1991-11-15 with Business & Economics categories.
This powerful new theoretical approach to analyzing urban housing problems and the policies designed to rectify them will be a vital resource for urban planners, developers, policymakers, and economists. The search for the roots of serious urban housing problems such as homelessness, abandonment, rent burdens, slums, and gentrification has traditionally focused on the poorest sector of the housing market. The findings set forth in this volume show that the roots of such problems lie in the relationships among different parts of the market—not solely within the lower-quality portion—though that is where problems are most dramatically manifested and housing reforms are myopically focused. The authors propose a new understanding of the market structure characterized by a closely interrelated array of quality submarkets. Their comprehensive models ground a unified theory that accounts for demand by both renters and owner occupants, supply by owners of existing dwellings, changes in the stock of housing due to conversions and new construction, and interactions across submarkets.
Making Our Neighborhoods Making Our Selves
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Author : George C. Galster
language : en
Publisher: University of Chicago Press
Release Date : 2024-01-19
Making Our Neighborhoods Making Our Selves written by George C. Galster and has been published by University of Chicago Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2024-01-19 with Business & Economics categories.
Drawing on economics, sociology, geography, and psychology, Galster delivers a clear-sighted explanation of what neighborhoods are, how they come to be—and what they should be. Urban theorists have tried for decades to define exactly what a neighborhood is. But behind that daunting existential question lies a much murkier problem: never mind how you define them—how do you make neighborhoods productive and fair for their residents? In Making Our Neighborhoods, Making Our Selves, George C. Galster delves deep into the question of whether American neighborhoods are as efficient and equitable as they could be—socially, financially, and emotionally—and, if not, what we can do to change that. Galster aims to redefine the relationship between places and people, promoting specific policies that reduce inequalities in housing markets and beyond.
Great American City
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Author : Robert J. Sampson
language : en
Publisher: University of Chicago Press
Release Date : 2024
Great American City written by Robert J. Sampson and has been published by University of Chicago Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2024 with History categories.
"In his magisterial Great American City, Robert J. Sampson puts social scientific data behind an argument that we all feel and experience everyday: the neighborhood you live in has a big effect on your life and the city you live in. Not only does your neighborhood determine where your nearest hospital is, what kind of schools your children can attend, or how many police officers you might encounter (and how they respond to you), it affects how you feel, how you think about the world and your place in it. Like many sociologists before him, Sampson looks to Chicago to make his insightful interventions, based on extensive data collected across the city's diverse neighborhoods. This edition includes a new afterword by Sampson reflecting on changes in Chicago and the country that have occurred since the book was initially published. He notes the increase in gun violence, both among civilians and police killings of civilians, as well as steady or growing rates of segregation despite an increase in diversity. With these changes have come new research, much of it a continuation or elaboration of the work in Great American City. He updates readers on the status of the research initiative that serves as the basis of Great American City, the Project on Human Development in Chicago Neighborhoods (PHDCN), and summarizes how scholars have taken up his work. Many of these scholars have new tools at their disposal with the rise of big data; Sampson remarks on these changes in the field"--