Neural Correlates Of Thinking
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Neural Correlates Of Thinking
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Author : Eduard Kraft
language : en
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Release Date : 2008-11-14
Neural Correlates Of Thinking written by Eduard Kraft and has been published by Springer Science & Business Media this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2008-11-14 with Science categories.
The advances in neuroimaging technologies have led to substantial progress in understanding the neural mechanisms of cognitive functions. Thinking and reasoning have only recently been addressed by using neuroimaging techniques. The present book comprehensively explores current approaches and contributions to understanding the neural mechanisms of thinking in a concise and readable manner. It provides an insight into the state of the art and the potentials, but also the limitations of current neuroimaging methods for studying cognitive functions. The book will be a valuable companion for everyone interested in one of the most fascinating topics of cognitive neuroscience.
Beyond Neural Correlates Of Consciousness
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Author : Morten Overgaard
language : en
Publisher: Routledge
Release Date : 2020-07-26
Beyond Neural Correlates Of Consciousness written by Morten Overgaard and has been published by Routledge this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2020-07-26 with Psychology categories.
Drawing on neuroscientific research and metacognitive theory, this groundbreaking volume examines the theoretical implications that are elicited when neural correlates of consciousness (NCC) are identified. The relationship between consciousness and the brain has concerned philosophers for centuries, yet a tacit assumption in much empirically minded consciousness research seems to be that if we can only develop a map of correlations, no further questions remain to be asked. Beyond Neural Correlates of Consciousness starts where others stop, by asking what these correlations may tell us about the nature of consciousness. The book contains chapters considering the upshots of finding the neural correlates of consciousness in light of the most prominent contemporary theories in the field. This illuminates the theoretical consequences of succeeding in the quest for the neural correlates of consciousness from the perspective of global workspace theory, higher-order thought theory, local recurrency theory, and REFCON models, in addition to considering how this quest is shaped by different conscious phenomena, such as dreaming, altered states of consciousness, and different levels of consciousness. This insightful text features sophisticated theories that goes beyond correlational inferences and neural mapping, and will be of interest to students and researchers of consciousness, particularly those interested in interpreting neural correlates.
The Oxford Handbook Of Spontaneous Thought
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Author : Kieran C. R. Fox
language : en
Publisher: Oxford University Press
Release Date : 2018
The Oxford Handbook Of Spontaneous Thought written by Kieran C. R. Fox and has been published by Oxford University Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2018 with Medical categories.
Where do spontaneous thoughts come from? It may be surprising that the seemingly straightforward answers "from the mind" or "from the brain" are in fact an incredibly recent understanding of the origins of spontaneous thought. For nearly all of human history, our thoughts - especially the most sudden, insightful, and important - were almost universally ascribed to divine or other external sources. Only in the past few centuries have we truly taken responsibility for their own mental content, and finally localized thought to the central nervous system - laying the foundations for a protoscience of spontaneous thought. But enormous questions still loom: what, exactly, is spontaneous thought? Why does our brain engage in spontaneous forms of thinking, and when is this most likely to occur? And perhaps the question most interesting and accessible from a scientific perspective: how does the brain generate and evaluate its own spontaneous creations? Spontaneous thought includes our daytime fantasies and mind-wandering; the flashes of insight and inspiration familiar to the artist, scientist, and inventor; and the nighttime visions we call dreams. This Handbook brings together views from neuroscience, psychology, philosophy, phenomenology, history, education, contemplative traditions, and clinical practice to begin to address the ubiquitous but poorly understood mental phenomena that we collectively call 'spontaneous thought.' In studying such an abstruse and seemingly impractical subject, we should remember that our capacity for spontaneity, originality, and creativity defines us as a species - and as individuals. Spontaneous forms of thought enable us to transcend not only the here and now of perceptual experience, but also the bonds of our deliberately-controlled and goal-directed cognition; they allow the space for us to be other than who we are, and for our minds to think beyond the limitations of our current viewpoints and beliefs.
Towards A Theory Of Thinking
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Author : Britt Glatzeder
language : en
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Release Date : 2010-03-20
Towards A Theory Of Thinking written by Britt Glatzeder and has been published by Springer Science & Business Media this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2010-03-20 with Psychology categories.
What is Thinking? – Trying to Define an Equally Fascinating and Elusive Phenomenon Human thinking is probably the most complex phenomenon that evolution has come up with until now. There exists a broad spectrum of definitions, from subs- ing almost all processes of cognition to limiting it to language-based, sometimes even only to formalizable reasoning processes. We work with a “medium sized” definition according to which thinking encompasses all operations by which cog- tive agents link mental content in order to gain new insights or perspectives. Mental content is, thus, a prerequisite for and the substrate on which thinking operations are executed. The largely unconscious acts of perceptual object stabilization, ca- gorization, emotional evaluation – and retrieving all the above from memory inscriptions – are the processes by which mental content is generated, and are, therefore, seen as prerequisites for thinking operations. In terms of a differentia specifica, the notion of “thinking” is seen as narrower than the notion of “cognition” and as wider than the notion of “reasoning”. Thinking is, thus, seen as a subset of cognition processes; and reasoning processes are seen as a subset of thinking. Besides reasoning, the notion of thinking includes also nonexplicit, intuitive, and associative processes of linking mental content. According to this definition, thinking is not dependant on language, i. e. also many animals and certainly all mammals show early forms of thinking.
The Neural Basis Of Thought
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Author : Campion, George G & Elliot Smith, Grafton
language : en
Publisher: Routledge
Release Date : 2013-11-05
The Neural Basis Of Thought written by Campion, George G & Elliot Smith, Grafton and has been published by Routledge this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2013-11-05 with Medical categories.
First Published in 1999. Routledge is an imprint of Taylor & Francis, an informa company.
After Phrenology
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Author : Michael L. Anderson
language : en
Publisher: MIT Press
Release Date : 2014-12-12
After Phrenology written by Michael L. Anderson and has been published by MIT Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2014-12-12 with Psychology categories.
A proposal for a fully post-phrenological neuroscience that details the evolutionary roots of functional diversity in brain regions and networks. The computer analogy of the mind has been as widely adopted in contemporary cognitive neuroscience as was the analogy of the brain as a collection of organs in phrenology. Just as the phrenologist would insist that each organ must have its particular function, so contemporary cognitive neuroscience is committed to the notion that each brain region must have its fundamental computation. In After Phrenology, Michael Anderson argues that to achieve a fully post-phrenological science of the brain, we need to reassess this commitment and devise an alternate, neuroscientifically grounded taxonomy of mental function. Anderson contends that the cognitive roles played by each region of the brain are highly various, reflecting different neural partnerships established under different circumstances. He proposes quantifying the functional properties of neural assemblies in terms of their dispositional tendencies rather than their computational or information-processing operations. Exploring larger-scale issues, and drawing on evidence from embodied cognition, Anderson develops a picture of thinking rooted in the exploitation and extension of our early-evolving capacity for iterated interaction with the world. He argues that the multidimensional approach to the brain he describes offers a much better fit for these findings, and a more promising road toward a unified science of minded organisms.
The Sage Handbook Of Social Cognition
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Author : Susan T Fiske
language : en
Publisher: SAGE
Release Date : 2012-04-20
The Sage Handbook Of Social Cognition written by Susan T Fiske and has been published by SAGE this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2012-04-20 with Psychology categories.
The SAGE Handbook of Social Cognition is a landmark volume. Edited by two of the field′s most eminent academics and supported by a distinguished global advisory board, the 56 authors - each an expert in their own chapter topic - provide authoritative and thought-provoking overviews of this fascinating territory of research. Not since the early 1990s has a Handbook been published in this field, now, Fiske and Macrae have provided a timely and seminal benchmark; a state of the art overview that will benefit advanced students and academics not just within social psychology but beyond these borders too. Following an introductory look at the ′uniqueness of social cognition′, the Handbook goes on to explore basic and underlying processes of social cognition, from implicit social cognition and consciousness and meta-cognition to judgment and decision-making. Also, the wide-ranging applications of social cognition research in ′the real world′ from the burgeoning and relatively recent fields of social cognitive development and social cognitive aging to the social cognition of relationships are investigated. Finally, there is a critical and exciting exploration of the future directions in this field. The SAGE Handbook of Social Cognition will be an indispensable volume for any advanced student or academic wanting or needing to understand the landscape of social cognition research in the 21st century.
The Cambridge Handbook Of Thinking And Reasoning
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Author : Keith J. Holyoak
language : en
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
Release Date : 2005-04-18
The Cambridge Handbook Of Thinking And Reasoning written by Keith J. Holyoak and has been published by Cambridge University Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2005-04-18 with Psychology categories.
The Cambridge Handbook of Thinking and Reasoning is the first comprehensive and authoritative handbook covering all the core topics of the field of thinking and reasoning. Written by the foremost experts from cognitive psychology, cognitive science, and cognitive neuroscience, individual chapters summarize basic concepts and findings for a major topic, sketch its history, and give a sense of the directions in which research is currently heading. The volume also includes work related to developmental, social and clinical psychology, philosophy, economics, artificial intelligence, linguistics, education, law, and medicine. Scholars and students in all these fields and others will find this to be a valuable collection.
The Oxford Handbook Of Thinking And Reasoning
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Author : Keith J. Holyoak, Ph.D.
language : en
Publisher: Oxford University Press
Release Date : 2012-04-19
The Oxford Handbook Of Thinking And Reasoning written by Keith J. Holyoak, Ph.D. and has been published by Oxford University Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2012-04-19 with Psychology categories.
The Oxford Handbook of Thinking and Reasoning brings together the contributions of many of the leading researchers in thinking and reasoning to create the most comprehensive overview of research on thinking and reasoning that has ever been available. Each chapter includes a bit of historical perspective on the topic, and concludes with some thoughts about where the field seems to be heading.
The Case For Mental Imagery
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Author : Stephen M. Kosslyn
language : en
Publisher: Oxford University Press
Release Date : 2006-03-09
The Case For Mental Imagery written by Stephen M. Kosslyn and has been published by Oxford University Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2006-03-09 with Psychology categories.
When we try to remember whether we left a window open or closed, do we actually see the window in our mind? If we do, does this mental image play a role in how we think? For almost a century, scientists have debated whether mental images play a functional role in cognition. In The Case for Mental Imagery, Stephen Kosslyn, William Thompson, and Giorgio Ganis present a complete and unified argument that mental images do depict information, and that these depictions do play a functional role in human cognition. They outline a specific theory of how depictive representations are used in information processing, and show how these representations arise from neural processes. To support this theory, they seamlessly weave together conceptual analyses and the many varied empirical findings from cognitive psychology and neuroscience. In doing so, they present the conceptual grounds for positing this type of internal representation and summarize and refute arguments to the contrary. Their argument also serves as a historical review of the imagery debate from its earliest inception to its most recent phases, and provides ample evidence that significant progress has been made in our understanding of mental imagery. In illustrating how scientists think about one of the most difficult problems in psychology and neuroscience, this book goes beyond the debate to explore the nature of cognition and to draw out implications for the study of consciousness. Student and professional researchers in vision science, cognitive psychology, philosophy, and neuroscience will find The Case for Mental Imagery to be an invaluable resource for understanding not only the imagery debate, but also and more broadly, the nature of thought, and how theory and research shape the evolution of scientific debates.